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''I clowns'' (also known as ''The Clowns'') is a 1970
mockumentary A mockumentary (a blend of ''mock'' and ''documentary''), fake documentary or docu-comedy is a type of film or television show depicting fictional events but presented as a documentary. These productions are often used to analyze or comment on c ...
film by Federico Fellini about the human fascination with clowns and
circus A circus is a company of performers who put on diverse entertainment shows that may include clowns, acrobats, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, dancers, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, magicians, ventriloquists, and unicyclis ...
es.


Plot summary


Cast


Main

*
Riccardo Billi Riccardo Billi (22 April 1906 – 15 April 1982) was an Italian film actor and comedian. With Mario Riva he appeared as ''Billi & Riva'', one of the most popular Italian comic duos in the 1950s. He appeared in around 85 films between 1938 ...
as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Billi) * Federico Fellini as Himself *
Gigi Reder Gigi Reder (born Luigi Schroeder; 25 March 1928 – 8 October 1998) was an Italian actor and voice actor. He was best known for the role of Filini in the ''Fantozzi'' film series. Biography Born in Naples in to a German father and a Neapolita ...
as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Reder) *
Tino Scotti Tino Scotti (16 November 1905 – 16 October 1984) was an Italian film actor. He appeared in 65 films between 1940 and 1984. He was born in Milan, Italy, and died in Tarquinia, Italy. Partial filmography * ''Fanfulla da Lodi'' (1940) * ''L ...
as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Scotti) * Valentini as Himself – Italian Clown *
Fanfulla Luigi Visconti, better known by his stage name Fanfulla, (26 February 1913 – 5 January 1971) was an Italian actor and comedian. Life and career Born in Rome, Visconti debuted at very young age on stage alongside his mother, the actress Merc ...
as Himself – Italian Clown *
Merli Merli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Adalberto Maria Merli (born 1938), Italian actor *Danio Merli (born 1956), Italian sprint canoeist * Francesco Merli (1887–1976), Italian opera singer *Franco Merli (born 1956 ...
as Himself – Italian Clown *
Carlo Rizzo Carlo Rizzo (April 30, 1907 – July 26, 1979) was an Italian stage and film actor.Chiti & Poppi p.333 He was the brother of the actor Alfredo Rizzo. A regular in post-war Italian cinema he also featured in several American films produced in I ...
as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Rizzo) * Colombaioni as Themselves – Italian Clowns (credited as I 4 Colombaioni) * Pistoni as Himself – Italian Clown * Martana as Themselves – Italian Clowns (credited as I Martana) * Giacomo Furia as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Furia) * Alvaro Vitali as Himself (The Troupe) * Dante Maggio as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Maggio) * Galliano Sbarra as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Sbarra) * Peppino Janigro as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Janigro) * Carini as Himself – Italian Clown * Maunsell as Himself – Italian Clown *
Nino Terzo Nino Terzo (22 May 1923 – 8 May 2005) was an Italian actor. Life and career Born in Palermo as Antonino Terzo, he worked intensively in the avanspettacolo and revue theater, entering the stage companies of Totò, Peppino De Filippo, Franco ...
as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Terzo) * Osiride Pevarello as Clown (Credited as Peverello) * Nino Vingelli as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Vingelli) * Alberto Sorrentino as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Sorrentino) * Fumagalli as Himself – Italian Clown * Valdemaro as Himself – Italian Clown * Luigi Zerbinati as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Zerbinati) * Ettore Bevilacqua as Himself – Italian Clown (credited as Bevilacqua) * Maya Morin as Maya (La troupe) * Anna Lina Alberti as Herself – Alvaro's mother (La troupe) (credited as Lina Alberti) * Gasparin as Gasparino (La troupe) * Alex as Himself – French Clown * Georges Loriot as Himself – French Clown (credited as Père Loriot) * Maïs as Himself – French Clown * Bario as Himself – French Clown * Ludo as Himself – French Clown * Nino as Himself – French Clown *
Charlie Rivel Josep Andreu i Lasserre (April 23, 1896 – July 26, 1983), best known as Charlie Rivel, was an internationally known Catalan circus clown. He was born in Cubelles (Barcelona, Spain). His parents Pere Andreu Pausas (Catalan) and Marie-Louise ...
as Himself * Pierre Étaix as Himself * Annie Fratellini as Herself * Victor Fratellini as Himself * Jean-Baptiste Thiérrée as Himself (credited as Baptiste) * Tristan Remy as Himself * Liana Orfei as Herself * Rinaldo Orfei as Himself * Nando Orfei as Himself * Franco Migliorini as Himself – Animal Tamer *
Anita Ekberg Kerstin Anita Marianne Ekberg (; 29 September 193111 January 2015) was a Swedish actress active in American and European films, known for her beauty and stunning figure. She became prominent in her iconic role as Sylvia in the Federico Fellini ...
as Herself


Cameo/Uncredited

* Maria Grazia Buccella as Herself * Aristide Caporale as Railwayman *
Victoria Chaplin Victoria Agnes Thierrée-Chaplin (born May 19, 1951) is a British-American circus performer. She is the daughter of film actor and comedian Charlie Chaplin from his fourth wife, Oona O'Neill, and the granddaughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill. C ...
as Herself * Liliana Chiari as Herself * Dante Cleri as Fascist * Shirley Corrigan as Audience member * Feverello as Himself – Italian Clown * Gustavo Fratellini as Himself – Italian Clown * Adelina Poerio as Dwarf nun


Production

The film was made for the Italian TV station
RAI RAI – Radiotelevisione italiana (; commercially styled as Rai since 2000; known until 1954 as Radio Audizioni Italiane) is the national public broadcasting company of Italy, owned by the Ministry of Economy and Finance. RAI operates many ter ...
with an agreement that it would be released simultaneously as a cinema feature. RAI and co-producer Leone Film compromised on its release, with RAI broadcasting it on Christmas Day, 1970, and Leone Film releasing it theatrically in Italy the following day, December 26, 1970. It is a
docufiction Docufiction (or docu-fiction) is the cinematographic combination of documentary and fiction, this term often meaning narrative film. It is a film genre which attempts to capture reality such as it is (as direct cinema or cinéma vérité) a ...
: part reality, part fantasy. The film has sometimes been referred to as one of the first
mockumentaries A mockumentary (a Blend word, blend of ''mock'' and ''documentary''), fake documentary or docu-comedy is a type of film or television show depicting fictional events but presented as a documentary. These productions are often used to analyze or ...
in film history (Woody Allen's ''
Take the Money and Run ''Take the Money and Run'' is a 1969 American mockumentary comedy film directed by Woody Allen. Allen co-wrote the screenplay with Mickey Rose and stars alongside Janet Margolin. The film chronicles the life of Virgil Starkwell, an inept bank ro ...
'' having been released in just the previous year). Being documentary and fiction in one, ''The Clowns'' distinguishes itself by being a mockumentary with unique characteristics, not the least of which is reflecting Fellini's own increasing fascination with how documentary films reflect "reality". Fellini had already explored this semi-fictional documentary genre in 1969's '' Fellini: A Director's Notebook'' and would further do so in 1987's '' Intervista'', both of which contain unreliable depictions of Fellini himself making the film within the film narrative.


Reception

The film has a 100% approval rating on
Rotten Tomatoes Rotten Tomatoes is an American review-aggregation website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by three undergraduate students at the University of California, Berkeley: Senh Duong, Patrick Y. Lee, and Stephen Wang ...
, based on 18 reviews with an average rating of 6.9/10. Film Critic Roger Ebert gave the film three stars out of four.


References


External links

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The Clowns
' a
Rotten Tomatoes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Clowns, The Docufiction films 1970 films 1970s fantasy comedy films Films directed by Federico Fellini 1970s Italian-language films Films about clowns Films with screenplays by Federico Fellini Films scored by Nino Rota Italian fantasy comedy films 1970 comedy films 1970s Italian films