Many human rights reports were published about the

Bahraini uprising of 2011 The 2011 Bahraini uprising was a series of anti-government protests in Bahrain led by the Shia-dominant and some Sunni minority Bahraini opposition from 2011 until 2014. The protests were inspired by the unrest of the 2011 Arab Spring and pro ...

, a campaign of protests, and civil disobedience in the

Persian Gulf The Persian Gulf ( fa, خلیج فارس, translit=xalij-e fârs, lit=Gulf of Fars, ), sometimes called the ( ar, اَلْخَلِيْجُ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia. The bod ...

state of

Bahrain Bahrain ( ; ; ar, البحرين, al-Bahrayn, locally ), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, ' is an island country in Western Asia. It is situated on the Persian Gulf, and comprises a small archipelago made up of 50 natural islands and an ...

that is considered part of the

revolutionary wave A revolutionary wave or revolutionary decade is one series of revolutions occurring in various locations within a similar time-span. In many cases, past revolutions and revolutionary waves have inspired current ones, or an initial revolution has ...

of protests dubbed the

Arab Spring The Arab Spring ( ar, الربيع العربي) was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s. It began in Tunisia in response to corruption and econo ...

. At least 14 human rights reports were issued by 18 different parties: Amnesty International, International Crisis Group,

Doctors Without Borders Doctor or The Doctor may refer to: Personal titles * Doctor (title), the holder of an accredited academic degree * A medical practitioner, including: ** Physician ** Surgeon ** Dentist ** Veterinary physician ** Optometrist *Other roles ** ...

Physicians for Human Rights Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a US-based not-for-profit human rights NGO that uses medicine and science to document and advocate against mass atrocities and severe human rights violations around the world. PHR headquarters are in New ...

Human Rights First Human Rights First (formerly known as the Lawyers Committee for International Human Rights) is a nonpartisan, 501(c)(3), international human rights organization based in New York City and Washington, D.C. In 2004, Human Rights First started its " ...

, Independent Irish figures,

Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization, headquartered in New York City, that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. The group pressures governments, policy makers, companies, and individual human r ...

, Human Rights Without Frontiers, Bahrain Centre for Human Rights,

Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights The Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights (BYSHR) is a human rights organization of Bahrain founded in March 2005 which was active in the Bahraini uprising. The group "organises training workshops, monitors and documents human rights violations ...

Bahrain Human Rights Society The Bahrain Human Rights Society (BHRS) was set up in 2002 following wide ranging political reforms by the Bahraini government to allow the functioning of independent human rights groups. In 2010 the government dissolved the BHRS's board of dir ...

Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry The Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry (BICI), also known locally in Bahrain as the Bassiouni Commission, was established by the King of Bahrain on 29 June 2011''Bahrain News Agency''" HM King Hamad Sets up Royal Independent Investigation co ...

Arabic Network for Human Rights Information The Arabic Network for Human Rights Information (ANHRI) was a non-governmental organization devoted to promoting freedom of expression across the Middle East and North Africa. It was founded in the year 2004. Based in Cairo, Egypt, the organization ...

, Front Line Defenders,

Gulf Centre for Human Rights The Gulf Centre for Human Rights (GCHR) is an independent non-profit charity that defends human rights in the Persian Gulf and neighbouring states that include, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Yemen, UAE, Oman, Iran, Qatar, Syria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, an ...

, Index on Censorship, International Media Support and the Writers in Prison Committee (WiPC) of

PEN International PEN International (known as International PEN until 2010) is a worldwide association of writers, founded in London in 1921 to promote friendship and intellectual co-operation among writers everywhere. The association has autonomous Internatio ...

Background

As part of a string of

protests A protest (also called a demonstration, remonstration or remonstrance) is a public expression of objection, disapproval or dissent towards an idea or action, typically a political one. Protests can be thought of as acts of coopera ...

that occurred across the Arab World following the self-immolation and eventual death of

Mohammed Bouazizi Tarek el-Tayeb Mohamed Bouazizi ( ar, طارق الطيب محمد البوعزيزي, Ṭāriq aṭ-Ṭayib Muḥammad al-Būʿazīzī; 29 March 1984 – 4 January 2011) was a street vendor who set himself on fire on 17 December 2010 in Sidi Bou ...

Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...

, the mostly

Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, mo ...

population of Bahrain took to the streets demanding greater freedoms. The move was seen as potentially destabilising to the Sunni-led regime of Bahrain, following which a brutal government crackdown led to widespread suppressions of the Shia people across many sectors, Cockburn, Patrick (18 March 2011).
"The Footage That Reveals the Brutal Truth About Bahrain's Crackdown – Seven Protest Leaders Arrested as Video Clip Highlights Regime's Ruthless Grip on Power"
''

The Independent ''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was publish ...

''. Retrieved 20 September 2011. especially the medical field after the invasion of Bahrain by

Gulf Cooperation Council The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf ( ar, مجلس التعاون لدول العربية الخليج ), also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC; ar, مجلس التعاون الخليجي), is a regional, interg ...

soldiers led by Saudi Arabia. The Bahraini government also hired Pakistani mercenaries to maintain security against the protesters, however, lesser intermittent protests continued.

Amnesty International

After identifying some of the U.S. and French-made ammunition found in the aftermath of the raid on Pearl Roundabout on 17 February, Amnesty International urged at least 10 countries who supply weapons to Bahrain, including Germany, France, Britain and the United States, to

International Crisis Group

The Bahrain Revolt

"Popular protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt" is a 28-page report published on 6 April 2011 by the International Crisis Group. According to the group, the report "urges immediate third-party facilitation of a dialogue between the regime and the opposition with a view toward genuine political reform, defusing sectarian tensions and preventing further regionalisation of the unrest." The report, the third in an ongoing series that analyses the wave of popular protests across North Africa and the Middle East, describes the background and course of the current revolt, as well as key Bahrain players, their interests and positions.

Bahrain's Rocky Road to Reform

"Popular Protest in North Africa and the Middle East (VIII): Bahrain's Rocky Road to Reform" is a 36-page report published on 28 July 2011 by the International Crisis Group. The group says the report "examines the situation in the island kingdom five months after the outbreak of the mass protest, which was followed by brutal government repression."

Doctors Without Borders

"Health Services Paralyzed: Bahrain's Military Crackdown on Patients" is a 6-page report by

(Médecins Sans Frontières) published on 7 April 2011. The fear is not unfounded. Wounds were used to identify demonstrators, restricted access to health care is being used to deter people from protesting, and those who dare to seek treatment in health facilities were being arrested. Doctors Without Borders quotes their medical coordinator: "Wounds, especially those inflicted by distinctive police and military gunfire, are used to identify people for arrest, and the denial of medical care is being used by Bahraini authorities to deter people from protesting ... Health facilities are used as bait to identify and arrest those who dare seek treatment."

Physicians for Human Rights

"Do No Harm" is a 42-page report published by

in April 2011 that "documents and decries systematic human rights abuses in Bahrain during the February and March 2011 political unrest, and the persecution of doctors, nurses, medics, ambulance drivers, and other health workers based on their knowledge of those abuses."

Reception

Agence France-Presse said that the report has blasted and slammed 'systematic attacks' on medical staff in Bahrain. The report was featured on several major news outlets including the Associated Press, AFP, BBC, CNN, the Independent, New York Times, and Washington Post.

Human Rights First

Speaking Softly

"Bahrain: Speaking Softly" is a 12-page report published by

on 17 May 2011 following a one-week fact-finding mission to Bahrain. In this report, Human Rights First says it "publishes first-hand testimonies of the Bahraini government's crackdown from the perspectives of human rights defenders currently in Bahrain, and provides recommendations for the U.S. and Bahraini governments to end human rights abuses."

A Tortuous Process

"Bahrain: A Tortuous Process" is 15-page report published by

on 14 July 2011 that documents how the Bahraini government continues to intimidate, torture, and detain human rights defenders, and shoot at civilians."

No More Excuses

"No More Excuses – Time for Radical Change" is a 16-page report published by

on 12 December 2011 which documents "thousands of illegal arrests, widespread torture in detention, forced confessions and deaths in custody." According to the group, "the report reveals that around 160 policemen continue to face charges for refusing to join in the violent government crackdown on protesters and features details from the latest hearing for 20 medics currently facing prosecution for treating injured protestors."

The Gathering Storm

"Bahrain: The Gathering Storm" is a 9-page report published by

on 6 February 2012 which provides "evidence of ongoing abuse ncludinga copy of government orders for medical workers to report all injuries to authorities or face prosecution, and first-person accounts from members of the Bahraini police force who were arrested and abused because they refused to participate in the Kingdom's brutal crackdown."

Irish Fact Finding Delegation

The Irish fact finding delegation was a two-day fact-finding mission composed of a group of Irish doctors, politicians and human rights representatives led by orthopaedic surgeon

Damien McCormack Damien McCormack (born 28 January 1987) is an Australian rules footballer formerly on the Western Bulldogs list in the Australian Football League (AFL). Recruited from the Dandenong Stingrays Under 18's with the 38th pick in the 2004 National ...

who visited Bahrain in mid July 2011 to determine the condition and secure the release of more than a dozen doctors and medical staff detained on anti-government charges during the 2011-2012 Bahraini uprising. According to Mr Andrew Anderson, of Front Line the primary purpose of the trip was to visit the families of those in custody to offer support and to gather information about alleged mistreatment of the detainees. Irish Delegation meet with Nabeel Rajab at his home

Irish Delegation meet with Nabeel Rajab at his home

The delegation requested meetings with senior Bahraini officials, including Bahrain's King

Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa ( ar, حمد بن عيسى بن سلمان آل خليفة '; 28 January 1950) is King of Bahrain since 14 February 2002, after ruling as Emir of Bahrain from 6 March 1999. He is the son of Isa bin Salm ...

. Members included: *Professor

*Senator

Averil Power Averil Power (born 26 July 1978) is an Irish former politician who served as a Senator for the Industrial and Commercial Panel from 2011 to 2016. She first held office as a member of Fianna Fáil, but left the party in 2015 and sat in the Seanad ...

Marian Harkin Marian Harkin (born 26 November 1953) is an Irish Independent politician who has been a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Sligo–Leitrim constituency since the 2020 general election, and previously from 2002 to 2007. She previously served as a Membe ...

, MEP * David Andrews *Professor Eoin O'Brien *Andrew Anderson

Human Rights Watch

"Targets of Retribution" is a 54-page report issued by

on July 18, 2011 that "documents serious government abuses, starting in mid-February 2011 ... includ ngattacks on health care providers; denial of medical access to protesters injured by security forces; the siege of hospitals and health centers; and the detention, ill-treatment, torture, and prosecution of medics and patients with protest-related injuries.

Human Rights Without Frontiers

"Which Future for Bahrain? Preliminary report of a fact-finding mission in Bahrain" is a 41-report published by Human Rights Without Frontiers on 28 October 2011. The mission aimed to study the functioning of the

and the "National Dialogue" process and judge the short-term prospects of reform and democratisation in Bahrain, and to see if European Union institutions were having an impact on the processes.

Local non-governmental organisations

"The Human Price of Freedom and Justice" is a joint report by a group of Bahrain's independent human rights

NGO A non-governmental organization (NGO) or non-governmental organisation (see spelling differences) is an organization that generally is formed independent from government. They are typically nonprofit entities, and many of them are active in h ...

s "presenting the main key findings from the ongoing effort to document violations occurring in the state of Bahrain in 2011."

Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry

The

(BICI), also known locally in Bahrain as the "Bassiouni Commission", was established by the King of Bahrain on 29 June 2011''Bahrain News Agency''
" HM King Hamad Sets up Royal Independent Investigation commission "
''Bahrain News Agency'', 29 June 2011 tasked with looking into the incidents that occurred during the period of unrest in Bahrain in February and March 2011 and the consequences of these events.

International rights groups

"Justice Denied in Bahrain" is a 27-page report published by six international rights groups on 23 January 2012.

References

External links

* Amnesty International: Bloodied but Unbowed: Unwarranted State Violence against Bahraini Protesters
EnglishSpanishFrenchArabic
* International Crisis Group: *
Popular protests in North Africa and the Middle East (III): The Bahrain Revolt
*
Popular Protest in North Africa and the Middle East (VIII): Bahrain's Rocky Road to Reform
*

Health Services Paralyzed: Bahrain's Military Crackdown on Patients
*

Do No Harm: A Call for Bahrain to End Systematic Attacks on Doctors and Patients
*

: *
Bahrain: Speaking Softly
*
Bahrain: A Tortuous Process
*
No More Excuses – Time for Radical Change
*
Bahrain: The Gathering Storm
*

Targets of Retribution: Attacks against Medics, Injured Protesters, and Health Facilities
* Human Rights Without Frontiers
Which Future for Bahrain? Preliminary report of a fact-finding mission in Bahrain (23-28 October 2011)
* Freedom House
Killing the Messenger: Bahrain's Brutal Crackdown
* Local rights groups
Bahrain: The Human Price of Freedom and Justice
* BICI
Report of the Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry
* International rights groups
Justice Denied in Bahrain
{{DEFAULTSORT:Human rights reports on Bahraini uprising (2011-present) Bahraini uprising of 2011