Huma County (; Manchu: Hūmar Siyan; russian: Кумары) is a county in the far north of the

Heilongjiang Heilongjiang () formerly romanized as Heilungkiang, is a province in northeast China. The standard one-character abbreviation for the province is (). It was formerly romanized as "Heilungkiang". It is the northernmost and easternmost province ...

province, People's Republic of China. The county seat is located on the right (southwestern) bank of the Amur River, a few kilometers upstream from the fall of the Huma River (formerly also known as Houmar) into the Amur. It is under the administration of the

Daxing'anling Prefecture Daxing'anling Prefecture (), also known as Da Hinggan Ling Prefecture, is the northernmost Chinese prefecture-level division, located in northwestern Heilongjiang Province. It covers and has a population of 520,000, as of 2004. It is named after ...

. The opposite side of the Amur River is in Amurskaya Oblast', Russia, where there is a village with the same name in Russified form, ''Kumara'' (russian: Кумара)

History

Kumarsk, the predecessor of the present-day Huma, was a fortified

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...

n town in the Amur River region, founded in 1652 by

Yerofey Khabarov Yerofey Pavlovich Khabarov or Svyatitsky (russian: Ерофе́й Па́влович Хаба́ров (Святи́тский), ; the first name is often spelled Ярофей (Yarofey) in contemporary accounts; 1603 – after 1671), was a Russia ...

and his companions, during his retreat from Achansk, corresponding to the present-day Khabarovsk, where he was besieged by Manchu and Daur allied forces. On 13 March 1655, the Komar fortress, defended by the ataman Onufriy Stepanov and his 500 Cossacks, was besieged by a Qing army led by Ming'andali () consisting of 10,000 men. The outnumbered defenders repulsed several assaults. The defeated Manchu lift the siege the following month (on 3 April 1655). The town was ceded to Qing Empire after the

treaty of Nerchinsk The Treaty of Nerchinsk () of 1689 was the first treaty between the Tsardom of Russia and the Qing dynasty of China. The Russians gave up the area north of the Amur River as far as the Stanovoy Range and kept the area between the Argun River ...

in 1689.

Administrative divisions

Huma County is divided into 2 towns, 5 townships and 1 ethnic township. ;2 towns * Huma () * Hanjiayuan () ;5 townships ;1 ethnic township * Baiyinna Oroqen ()

Climate

Huma County has a

monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal osci ...

-influenced

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freezing ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...

''Dwb'') with very warm, humid summers and severely cold, extremely dry winters. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from in January to , and although temperatures consistently average above from May to September, the annual mean, at , is low enough to form sporadic permafrost on sheltered sites, which is unusual for areas with this climatic classification. More than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 52% in July and December to 73% in February, sunshine is generous and the area receives 2,595 hours of bright sunshine annually.

References

External links

Map of Huma County
* https://web.archive.org/web/20070511004246/http://www.epicbook.com/history/nibucu.html {{authority control County level divisions of Heilongjiang