History of computing in Romania
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This article describes the history of computing in Romania.


HC family

The Romanian computers (HC 85, HC 85+, HC 88, HC 90, HC 91 and HC 2000) were clones of the
ZX Spectrum The ZX Spectrum () is an 8-bit home computer that was developed by Sinclair Research. It was released in the United Kingdom on 23 April 1982, and became Britain's best-selling microcomputer. Referred to during development as the ''ZX81 Colou ...
produced at
ICE Felix Ice is water frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 degrees Celsius or Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaq ...
from 1985 to 1994. HC 85 was first designed at Institutul Politehnic București by Prof. Dr. Ing.
Adrian Petrescu Adrian is a form of the Latin given name Adrianus or Hadrianus. Its ultimate origin is most likely via the former river Adria from the Venetic and Illyrian word ''adur'', meaning "sea" or "water". The Adria was until the 8th century BC the main ...
(in laboratory), then redesigned at ICE Felix (in order to be produced at industrial scale). Their operating system was a
BASIC BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use. The original version was created by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz at Dartmouth College ...
interpreter.


aMIC

was a Romanian microcomputer designed by Prof. Adrian Petrescu at Institutul Politehnic București in 1982, later produced at Fabrica de Memorii in
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.


MARICA and DACICC

MARICA and the DACICC family ( DACICC-1 and DACICC-200) were Romanian computers produced in 1959–1968 a
T. Popoviciu Institute of Numerical Analysis, Cluj-Napoca


Felix series

was a Romanian IBM-PC compatible produced at
ICE Felix Ice is water frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 degrees Celsius or Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaq ...
in 1985–1990. was a family of Romanian computers produced by
ICE Felix Ice is water frozen into a solid state, typically forming at or below temperatures of 0 degrees Celsius or Depending on the presence of impurities such as particles of soil or bubbles of air, it can appear transparent or a more or less opaq ...
from 1970 to 1978. They were similar to IBM/360; their operating system was SIRIS. was a family of Romanian mini and microcomputers in 1975–1984.


CoBra

was a Romanian personal computer produced at I.T.C.I
Brașov Brașov (, , ; german: Kronstadt; hu, Brassó; la, Corona; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Kruhnen'') is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the administrative centre of Brașov County. According to the latest Romanian census (2011), Brașov has a pop ...
, in 1986.


Independent

{{illm, Independent minicomputer series, ro, Independent was a series of Romanian minicomputers, manufactured from 1983 to 1989. They were compatible with DEC-PDP 11–34, running RSX-11M operating system. They were produced at ITC Timișoara, with memory chips also produced in Timișoara.


See also

*
Electronics industry in the Socialist Republic of Romania The electronics industry in the Socialist Republic of Romania was characterized by stronger ties to Western Europe when compared to other countries in the Eastern Bloc due to the drive of the Romanian leadership towards greater autonomy from the So ...
*
History of computer hardware in Yugoslavia The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) was a socialist country that existed in the second half of the 20th century. Being socialist meant that strict technology import rules and regulations shaped the development of computer history in ...
*
Computer systems in the Soviet Union The history of computing in the Soviet Union began in the late 1940s, when the country began to develop its Small Electronic Calculating Machine (MESM) at the Kiev Institute of Electrotechnology in Feofaniya. Initial ideological opposition to ...
*
History of computing in Poland The history of Polish computing (informatics) began during the Second World War with breaking the Enigma machine code by Polish mathematicians. After World War II, work on Polish computers began. Poles made a significant contribution to both the ...
*
History of computer hardware in Bulgaria This article describes the history of computer hardware in Bulgaria. At its peak, Bulgaria supplied 40% of the computers in the socialist economic union COMECON. The electronics industry employed 300,000 workers, and it generated 8 billion rubles ...


External links


Soviet Block computers with references to Romania
Science and technology in Romania
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...