History of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1941–1945) on:
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After the 
During the war, and following the massive deterioration of internal security under the incompetent Ustaše regime, the Nazis created a quisling Waffen-SS unit in Bosnia called the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian) in February 1943. Imam Halim Malkoć was the only Muslim to earn the Germany, German Iron Cross during
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...
was invaded by the Axis powers
The Axis powers, ; it, Potenze dell'Asse ; ja, 枢軸国 ''Sūjikukoku'', group=nb originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were ...
during World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
, all of Bosnia was ceded to the newly created Independent State of Croatia
The Independent State of Croatia ( sh, Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH; german: Unabhängiger Staat Kroatien; it, Stato indipendente di Croazia) was a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. It was established in p ...
. Axis rule in Bosnia led to widespread persecution and mass-killings of native undesirables and anti-fascists. Many Serbs themselves took up arms and joined the Chetniks, a Serb nationalist and royalist resistance movement that conducted ineffective guerrilla warfare against the occupying Nazi forces. On 12 October 1941 a group of 108 notable Muslim citizens of Sarajevo
Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see names in other languages'') is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area including Sarajevo ...
signed the Resolution of Sarajevo Muslims by which they condemned the persecution of Serbs
Anti-Serb sentiment or Serbophobia ( sr-Cyrl-Latn, србофобија, srbofobija, separator=" / ") is a generally negative view of Serbs as an ethnic group. Historically it has been a basis for the persecution of ethnic Serbs.
A distincti ...
organized by Ustaše, made distinction between Muslims who participated in such persecutions and whole Muslim population, presented information about the persecutions of Muslims by Serbs and requested security for all citizens of the country, regardless of their identity.
Starting in 1941, Yugoslav communists under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito organized their own multi-ethnic resistance group, the Partisans (Yugoslavia), partisans, who fought against both Axis and Chetnik forces. On 29 November 1943 the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia with Tito at its helm held a founding conference in Jajce where Bosnia and Herzegovina was reestablished as a republic within the Yugoslavian federation in its Ottoman borders. Military success eventually prompted the Allies of World War II, Allies to support the Partisans, and the end of the war resulted in the establishment of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, with the 1946 Yugoslav Constitution, constitution of 1946 officially making Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina one of six constituent republics in the new state.
During the war, and following the massive deterioration of internal security under the incompetent Ustaše regime, the Nazis created a quisling Waffen-SS unit in Bosnia called the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian) in February 1943. Imam Halim Malkoć was the only Muslim to earn the Germany, German Iron Cross during World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
.
See also
* Drvar uprisingReferences
Literature
* Munoz, Antonio J., editor., ''The East Came West: Muslim, Hindu and Buddhist Volunteers in the German Armed Forces.'' (chapters 2 and 13) Bayside, NY: Axis Europa, 2001 * Hermann Neubacher: ''Sonderauftrag Suedost 1940-1945'', Bericht eines fliegendes Diplomaten, 2. durchgesehene Auflage, Goettingen 1956 * Ladislaus Hory and Martin Broszat: ''Der Kroatische Ustascha-Staat, 1941-1945'' Stuttgart, 1964 * Redzic, Enver, ''Muslimansko Autonomastvo I 13. SS Divizija''. (Sarajevo: Svjetlost, 1987). * {{DEFAULTSORT:History of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1941-1945) Bosnia and Herzegovina in World War II, Bosniak history Independent State of Croatia Jewish Bosnian history Yugoslavia in World War II 1941 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1942 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1943 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1944 in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1945 in Bosnia and Herzegovina,