Henry I (August 1267 – 7 September 1322), Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, called the Admirable (german: Heinrich der Wunderliche, la, Henricus Mirabilis), a member of the House of Welf, was the first ruler of the Principality of Grubenhagen from 1291 until his death.

Life

He was the eldest son of the Brunswick duke Albert the Tall and his second wife Adelaide, daughter of Margrave

Boniface II of Montferrat Boniface II (July 1202 – 12 June 1253), called the Giant, was the eleventh Marquis of Montferrat from 1225 until his death. He became the titular King of Thessalonica in 1239. Boniface was the son of William VI and his second wife, Berta d ...

. His father had ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg jointly with his brother

John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Secon ...

, until both divided their territory in 1269. Albert went on to rule the Principality of Wolfenbüttel until his death in 1279. Henry first ruled the Brunswick principality of Wolfenbüttel jointly with his younger brothers Albert II the Fat and

William William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...

. In 1291 they again divided the territory; Henry received the part that came to be known as Principality of Grubenhagen. It included the cities of Einbeck, half of Hamelin,

Clausthal Clausthal-Zellerfeld is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is located in the southwestern part of the Harz mountains. Its population is approximately 15,000. The City is the location of the Clausthal University of Technology. The health resort ...

, Amelungsborn,

Duderstadt Duderstadt () is a city in southern Lower Saxony, Germany, located in the district of Göttingen. It is the center and capital of the northern part of the Eichsfeld ("Untereichsfeld"). In earlier times it was the private wealth of the Roman Cat ...

, Herzberg, and Osterode. Henry quarreled with his brother

Albert Albert may refer to: Companies * Albert (supermarket), a supermarket chain in the Czech Republic * Albert Heijn, a supermarket chain in the Netherlands * Albert Market, a street market in The Gambia * Albert Productions, a record label * Alber ...

, who had received the

Principality of Göttingen The Principality of Göttingen (german: Fürstentum Göttingen) was a subdivision of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg in the Holy Roman Empire, with Göttingen as its capital. It was split off from the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in ...

, over the remaining belittled areas around Brunswick and

Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel (; nds, Wulfenbüddel) is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, the administrative capital of Wolfenbüttel District. It is best known as the location of the internationally renowned Herzog August Library and for having the largest ...

, but Albert prevailed, and Henry retreated to Grubenhagen. He took Einbeck as his residence. In 1320, Henry was appointed Count Palatine of Saxony by the emperor. He died in 1322, and his three surviving sons who had not joined the Church divided his territory among each other.

Family

Henry married Agnes, daughter of Albert the Degenerate, Margrave of Meissen, in 1282. They had 16 children: * Elizabeth (born c. 1282), married Frederick, Count of Beichlingen * Otto (born c. 1283, died in or before 1309) * Albert (born c. 1284, died after 1341), joined the

Teutonic Order The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on ...

* Adelaide (1285–1320), married King

Henry I of Bohemia Henry of Gorizia (german: Heinrich, cs, Jindřich; – 2 April 1335), a member of the House of Gorizia, was Duke of Carinthia and Landgrave of Carniola (as Henry VI) and Count of Tyrol from 1295 until his death, as well as King of Bohemia, Marg ...

* Facie (daughter; born c. 1286, died before or in 1312) * Agnes, Abbess of Osterode (born c. 1287, died between 1332 and 1336) *

Henry Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...

(born c. 1289, died before or in 1351) * Frederick (c. 1291 – c. 1323) * Adelheid of Brunswick (c. 1293 – 17 August 1324), married Andronikos III Palaiologos, Roman Emperor * Conrad (c. 1294 – c. 1320) * Mechtild (c. 1295 – between 24 October 1333 and 14 March 1344), married

John II of Werle John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Second ...

Ernest Ernest is a given name derived from Germanic word ''ernst'', meaning "serious". Notable people and fictional characters with the name include: People * Archduke Ernest of Austria (1553–1595), son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor * Ernest, ...

(c. 1297 – 11 March 1361) *

(c. 1298–1360) * Richardis, Abbess of Osterode (born c. 1300, died between 1332 and 1336) * Margaret (born c. 1300, died in or after 1312) *

, (born before 1322, died 23 May 1367), provost at Einbeck

References

* Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon, Appelhans 2006,
At the House of Welf site
, - {{DEFAULTSORT:Henry 01, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg 1267 births 1322 deaths Princes of Grubenhagen Princes of Wolfenbüttel Old House of Brunswick Burials at Brunswick Cathedral