Hague Protocol
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The Hague Protocol, officially the Protocol to Amend the Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air, is a treaty signed on September 28, 1955, in
The Hague The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital o ...
. It serves to amend the Warsaw Convention. While officially the Hague Protocol is intended to become a single entity with the Warsaw Convention, it has only been ratified by 137 of the original 152 parties to the Warsaw Convention. The binding version of the treaty is written in
French French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with Franc ...
, but certified versions also exist in
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ...
and Spanish. The official depository of the treaty is the Government of
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
. __TOC__


The Warsaw Convention

The Warsaw Convention was established to create a legal basis for
commercial aviation Commercial aviation is the part of civil aviation that involves operating aircraft for remuneration or hire, as opposed to private aviation. Definition Commercial aviation is not a rigorously defined category. All commercial air transport and ...
, both cargo and passenger. Specifically, it allowed for the basis of liability to be assigned to air-carriers in the event of an accident.


Purpose

There were multiple reasons as to why the Hague Protocol was added as a provision to the Warsaw Convention. Firstly, as the original Convention was written in 1929 and with the advance of technology and law the original treaty had to be updated. Secondly, and perhaps more importantly, the Hague Protocol limited the liability that commercial airliners would have to take on in the event of an accident.


References


External links


The text of the Hague Protocol
(as presented to and ratified by the
United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and po ...
)
The parties to both the Warsaw Convention and the Hague Protocol
as reported to Poland and recorded by the
ICAO The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO, ) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that coordinates the principles and techniques of international air navigation, and fosters the planning and development of international a ...
{{Authority control Aviation agreements Treaties concluded in 1955 Treaties entered into force in 1963 1955 in the Netherlands 1955 in aviation Treaties of the Kingdom of Afghanistan Treaties of Algeria Treaties of Angola Treaties of Argentina Treaties of Australia Treaties of Austria Treaties of Azerbaijan Treaties of the Bahamas Treaties of Bangladesh Treaties of Bahrain Treaties of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic Treaties of Belgium Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina Treaties of the military dictatorship in Brazil Treaties of the People's Republic of Bulgaria Treaties of Cambodia Treaties of Cameroon Treaties of Canada Treaties of Cape Verde Treaties of Chile Treaties of the People's Republic of China Treaties of Colombia Treaties of the Republic of the Congo Treaties of Costa Rica Treaties of Ivory Coast Treaties of Croatia Treaties of Cuba Treaties of Cyprus Treaties of the Czech Republic Treaties of North Korea Treaties of Denmark Treaties of the Dominican Republic Treaties of Ecuador Treaties of the United Arab Republic Treaties of El Salvador Treaties of Estonia Treaties of Fiji Treaties of Finland Treaties of France Treaties of Gabon Treaties of West Germany Treaties of Ghana Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece Treaties of Grenada Treaties of Guatemala Treaties of Guinea Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic Treaties of Iceland Treaties of India Treaties of Pahlavi Iran Treaties of Ba'athist Iraq Treaties of Ireland Treaties of Israel Treaties of Italy Treaties of Japan Treaties of Jordan Treaties of Kazakhstan Treaties of Kenya Treaties of Kuwait Treaties of the Kingdom of Laos Treaties of Latvia Treaties of Lebanon Treaties of Lesotho Treaties of the Kingdom of Libya Treaties of Liechtenstein Treaties of Lithuania Treaties of Luxembourg Treaties of Madagascar Treaties of Malawi Treaties of Malaysia Treaties of the Maldives Treaties of Mali Treaties of Mauritius Treaties of Mexico Treaties of Monaco Treaties of Montenegro Treaties of Morocco Treaties of Nauru Treaties of Nepal Treaties of the Netherlands Treaties of New Zealand Treaties of Niger Treaties of Nigeria Treaties of Norway Treaties of Oman Treaties of Pakistan Treaties of Panama Treaties of Papua New Guinea Treaties of Paraguay Treaties of Peru Treaties of the Philippines Treaties of the Polish People's Republic Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal) Treaties of Qatar Treaties of South Korea Treaties of Moldova Treaties of the Socialist Republic of Romania Treaties of the Soviet Union Treaties of Rwanda Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Treaties of Samoa Treaties of Saudi Arabia Treaties of Senegal Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro Treaties of Seychelles Treaties of Singapore Treaties of Slovakia Treaties of Slovenia Treaties of the Solomon Islands Treaties of South Africa Treaties of Francoist Spain Treaties of Sri Lanka Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan Treaties of Suriname Treaties of Eswatini Treaties of Switzerland Treaties of Sweden Treaties of Syria Treaties of North Macedonia Treaties of Togo Treaties of Tonga Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago Treaties of Tunisia Treaties of Turkey Treaties of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Treaties of the United Arab Emirates Treaties of the United Kingdom Treaties of the United States Treaties of Uzbekistan Treaties of Vanuatu Treaties of Venezuela Treaties of Vietnam Treaties of Zambia Treaties of Zimbabwe Treaties of Czechoslovakia Treaties of East Germany Treaties of Yugoslavia Treaties extended to the Territory of Papua and New Guinea Treaties extended to Norfolk Island Treaties extended to the Nauru Trust Territory Treaties extended to Greenland Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands Treaties extended to British Hong Kong Treaties extended to Bermuda Treaties extended to the British Antarctic Territory Treaties extended to the Cayman Islands Treaties extended to the Turks and Caicos Islands Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands Treaties extended to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Treaties extended to Montserrat Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha