''Hōkūlea'' is a performance-accurate ''waa kaulua'', a Polynesian double-hulled voyaging

canoe A canoe is a lightweight narrow water vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel and using a single-bladed paddle. In British English, the ter ...

. Launched on 8 March 1975 by the

Polynesian Voyaging Society The Polynesian Voyaging Society (PVS) is a non-profit research and educational corporation based in Honolulu, Hawaii. PVS was established to research and perpetuate traditional Polynesian voyaging methods. Using replicas of traditional double-hul ...

, it is best known for its 1976 Hawaii to

Tahiti Tahiti (; Tahitian ; ; previously also known as Otaheite) is the largest island of the Windward group of the Society Islands in French Polynesia. It is located in the central part of the Pacific Ocean and the nearest major landmass is Austra ...

voyage completed with exclusively traditional navigation techniques. The primary goal of the voyage was to explore the anthropological theory of the

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

tic origin of native Oceanic people (

Polynesians Polynesians form an ethnolinguistic group of closely related people who are native to Polynesia (islands in the Polynesian Triangle), an expansive region of Oceania in the Pacific Ocean. They trace their early prehistoric origins to Island Sou ...

and Hawaiians in particular) as the result of purposeful trips through the

Pacific The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...

, as opposed to passive drifting on currents or sailing from the

Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America, North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. ...

DNA analysis Genetic testing, also known as DNA testing, is used to identify changes in DNA sequence or chromosome structure. Genetic testing can also include measuring the results of genetic changes, such as RNA analysis as an output of gene expression, or ...

supports this theory. A secondary project goal was to have the canoe and voyage "serve as vehicles for the cultural revitalization of Hawaiians and other Polynesians." Between the 1976 voyage and 2009, ''Hōkūle‘a'' completed additional voyages to

Micronesia Micronesia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, consisting of about 2,000 small islands in the western Pacific Ocean. It has a close shared cultural history with three other island regions: the Philippines to the west, Polynesia to the east, ...

, Polynesia,

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the n ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by to ...

and the mainland

United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...

, all using ancient

wayfinding Wayfinding (or way-finding) encompasses all of the ways in which people (and animals) orient themselves in physical space and navigate from place to place. Wayfinding software is a self-service computer program that helps users to find a location, ...

techniques of

celestial navigation Celestial navigation, also known as astronavigation, is the practice of position fixing using stars and other celestial bodies that enables a navigator to accurately determine their actual current physical position in space (or on the surface o ...

. On 19 January 2007, ''Hōkūle‘a'' left Hawaii with the voyaging canoe '' Alingano Maisu'' on a voyage through

( map) and ports in southern

. The voyage was expected to take five months. On 9 June 2007, ''Hōkūle‘a'' completed the "One Ocean, One People" voyage to

Yokohama is the second-largest city in Japan by population and the most populous municipality of Japan. It is the capital city and the most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a 2020 population of 3.8 million. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of T ...

, Japan. On April 5, 2009, ''Hōkūle‘a'' returned to Honolulu following a roundtrip training sail to

Palmyra Atoll Palmyra Atoll (), also referred to as Palmyra Island, is one of the Northern Line Islands (southeast of Kingman Reef and north of Kiribati). It is located almost due south of the Hawaiian Islands, roughly one-third of the way between Hawaii a ...

, undertaken to develop skills of potential crewmembers for ''Hōkūle‘a's'' eventual

circumnavigation Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth. The first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth was the ...

of the earth. On May 18, 2014, ''Hōkūle‘a'' and its sister vessel, ''Hikianalia'' embarked from Oahu for " Malama Honua," a three-year circumnavigation of the earth. It returned to port in Hawaii on June 17, 2017. The journey covered 47,000 nautical miles with stops at 85 ports in 26 countries. In between voyages, ''Hōkūle‘a'' is moored at the Marine Education Training Center (METC) of Honolulu Community College in

Honolulu Harbor Honolulu Harbor, also called ''Kulolia'' and ''Ke Awa O Kou'' and the Port of Honolulu , is the principal seaport of Honolulu and the State of Hawaii in the United States. From the harbor, the City & County of Honolulu was developed and urbanized, ...

Construction

Polynesian voyaging canoes were made from wood, whereas ''Hōkūle‘a'' incorporates

plywood Plywood is a material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured ...

, fiberglass and resin. ''Hōkūle‘a'' measures LOA, at beam, displaces when empty and can carry another of gear, supplies and 12 to 16 crew. Fully laden, with its sail area, it is capable of speeds of . Its twin masts are rigged either crab claw or Marconi style with a small jib. It is steered with a long paddle. It has no auxiliary motor. Its escort vessel tows it into harbor when necessary. Its name means "star of gladness" in Hawaiian, which refers to Arcturus, a guiding

zenith The zenith (, ) is an imaginary point directly "above" a particular location, on the celestial sphere. "Above" means in the vertical direction ( plumb line) opposite to the gravity direction at that location ( nadir). The zenith is the "high ...

star for Hawaiian navigators. Arcturus passes directly overhead at

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...

latitude In geography, latitude is a coordinate that specifies the north– south position of a point on the surface of the Earth or another celestial body. Latitude is given as an angle that ranges from –90° at the south pole to 90° at the north ...

, helping sailors find the island.

Pius "Mau" Piailug

''Hōkūle‘a'' navigates without instruments. In 1975, no living Hawaiian knew the ancient techniques for blue water voyaging. To enable the voyage, the Polynesian Voyaging Society recruited the Satawalese Master

Navigator A navigator is the person on board a ship or aircraft responsible for its navigation.Grierson, MikeAviation History—Demise of the Flight Navigator FrancoFlyers.org website, October 14, 2008. Retrieved August 31, 2014. The navigator's prima ...

Mau Piailug (of the Weriyeng school in the

Caroline Islands The Caroline Islands (or the Carolines) are a widely scattered archipelago of tiny islands in the western Pacific Ocean, to the north of New Guinea. Politically, they are divided between the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) in the ce ...

( map) of the

Federated States of Micronesia The Federated States of Micronesia (; abbreviated FSM) is an island country in Oceania. It consists of four states from west to east, Yap, Chuuk, Pohnpei and Kosraethat are spread across the western Pacific. Together, the states compr ...

( map)) to share his knowledge of non-instrument navigation. While as many as six Micronesian navigators had mastered these traditional methods as of the mid-1970s, only Mau was willing to share his knowledge. Mau, who "barely spoke English", decided that by reaching beyond his own culture, sharing what had been closely guarded knowledge, he could possibly save it from extinction. Through this collaboration, Mau's

mentorship Mentorship is the influence, guidance, or direction given by a mentor. A mentor is someone who teaches or gives help and advice to a less experienced and often younger person. In an organizational setting, a mentor influences the personal and p ...

helped "spark pride in the Hawaiian and

Polynesian culture Polynesian culture is the culture of the indigenous peoples of Polynesia who share common traits in language, customs and society. The development of Polynesian culture is typically divided into four different historical eras: *Exploration and se ...

", leading to "a

renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ide ...

of voyaging, canoe building, and non-instrument navigation that has continued to grow, spreading across

Polynesia Polynesia () "many" and νῆσος () "island"), to, Polinisia; mi, Porinihia; haw, Polenekia; fj, Polinisia; sm, Polenisia; rar, Porinetia; ty, Pōrīnetia; tvl, Polenisia; tkl, Polenihia (, ) is a subregion of Oceania, made up of ...

( map) and reaching to its far corners of

Aotearoa ''Aotearoa'' () is the current Māori-language name for New Zealand. The name was originally used by Māori in reference to only the North Island, with the name of the whole country being ''Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu'' ("North Island and Sout ...

, New Zealand and Rapanui, Easter Island".

Voyages

Inaugural voyage (1976)

Led by Captain Elia David Kuualoha "Kawika" Kapahulehua^* and Navigator Pius "Mau" Piailug, a Carolinian master navigator.^*, ''Hōkūlea'' departed

Honolua Bay Honolua Bay, Mokuleia Bay and Lipoa Point are part of an area known as the ahupuaʻa of Honolua, located just north of Kapalua, West Maui in Maui County, Hawaii, United States. The area is a mix of agricultural and conservation land tended by the ...

Maui The island of Maui (; Hawaiian: ) is the second-largest of the islands of the state of Hawaii at 727.2 square miles (1,883 km2) and is the 17th largest island in the United States. Maui is the largest of Maui County's four islands, whic ...

for

Papeete Papeete ( Tahitian: ''Papeete'', pronounced ) is the capital city of French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of the French Republic in the Pacific Ocean. The commune of Papeete is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subd ...

, Tahiti,
voyage map
as part of the celebration of the

United States Bicentennial The United States Bicentennial was a series of celebrations and observances during the mid-1970s that paid tribute to historical events leading up to the creation of the United States of America as an independent republic. It was a central event ...

. Mau navigated from Hawaii to Tahiti without instruments. Due to a conflict between crew members which escalated into physical violence, Mau abruptly returned home to Micronesia after reaching Tahiti. ''Hōkūleʻa'' had to be navigated back using western instruments (

compass A compass is a device that shows the cardinal directions used for navigation and geographic orientation. It commonly consists of a magnetized needle or other element, such as a compass card or compass rose, which can pivot to align itself with ...

nautical chart A nautical chart is a graphic representation of a sea area and adjacent coastal regions. Depending on the scale of the chart, it may show depths of water and heights of land ( topographic map), natural features of the seabed, details of the co ...

sextant A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. The primary use of a sextant is to measure the angle between an astronomical object and the horizon for the purposes of ce ...

, chronometer,

dividers A caliper (British spelling also calliper, or in plurale tantum sense a pair of calipers) is a device used to measure the dimensions of an object. Many types of calipers permit reading out a measurement on a ruled scale, a dial, or a digital di ...

, parallel rulers,

pencil A pencil () is a writing or drawing implement with a solid pigment core in a protective casing that reduces the risk of core breakage, and keeps it from marking the user's hand. Pencils create marks by physical abrasion, leaving a tra ...

nautical almanac A nautical almanac is a publication describing the positions of a selection of celestial bodies for the purpose of enabling navigators to use celestial navigation to determine the position of their ship while at sea. The Almanac specifies for eac ...

). On board the inaugural voyage was Hoku, a golden hair

Hawaiian Poi Dog The Hawaiian Poi Dog ( haw, ʻīlio or ''ʻīlio mākuʻe'') is an extinct breed of pariah dog from Hawaiʻi which was used by Native Hawaiians as a spiritual protector of children and as a source of food. History The original Hawaiian p ...

backbred by Jack L. Throp of the Honolulu Zoo. Razor-backed pigs and Polynesian chickens were also bred at the zoo for the voyage, but the director would not part with them at the last minute. Instead, the voyage hurriedly brought a white domesticated pig from Kōkeʻe,

Kauai Kauai, () anglicized as Kauai ( ), is geologically the second-oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands (after Niʻihau). With an area of 562.3 square miles (1,456.4 km2), it is the fourth-largest of these islands and the 21st largest islan ...

named Maxwell, and a cock and hen. The purpose of the animals was to study how to feed and care for these animals, which had been transported by the Polynesians during their voyages. ; Honolua Bay, Maui, Hawaii ( map), – Papeete, Tahiti ( map),

Society Islands The Society Islands (french: Îles de la Société, officially ''Archipel de la Société;'' ty, Tōtaiete mā) are an archipelago located in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, they are part of French Polynesia, an overseas country of the F ...

( map), ( map): 1 May 1976 to 4 June 1976 : The crew for this leg was as follows:'Navigator: Mau Piailug; Captain: "Kawika" Kapahulehua; Crew: Clifford Ah Mow^*, Milton "Shorty" Bertelmann, Ben R. Finney, Charles Tommy Holmes^*, Sam Kalalau^*, Boogie Kalama, Buffalo Keaulana, John Kruse, Douglas "Dukie" Kuahulu^*, David Henry Lewis^*, David B. K. "Dave" Lyman III^*, William "Billy" Richards, Rodo Tuku Williams.^* ; Papeete, Tahiti, – Hawaii, : 5 July 1976 to 26 July 1976 : The crew for the return voyage was: Navigator: James "Kimo" Lyman; Captain: "Kawika" Kapahulehua; Crew: Abraham "Snake" Ah Hee, Andy Espirto^*, Mel Kinney, Francis Kainoa Lee, Gordon Piianaia, Leonard Puputauiki, Penny Rawlins, Keani Reiner^*, Charles Nainoa "Nainoa" Thompson, Maka'ala Yates, Ben Young.

''Kealaikahiki'' project (1977)

In English, the Hawaiian "Ke ala i kahiki" means "the path to Tahiti." The "Kealaikahiki Project" recreated the traditional Kealaikahiki Point departure of ancient voyages to Tahiti. Gordon Piianaia's idea to recreate traditional departures took ''Hōkūlea'' southeast, across Kealaikahiki Channel between Lānai and

Kahoolawe Kahoolawe (Hawaiian: ), anglicized as Kahoolawe (), is the smallest of the eight main volcanic islands in the Hawaiian Islands. Kahoolawe is located about southwest of Maui and also southeast of Lānaʻi, and it is long by wide, with a total l ...

Islands, past Kealaikahiki Point, into the Alenuihāhā Channel and the northeast trade winds. The object was to determine whether ''Hōkūlea'', departing from west of the 1976 departure point, would bisect the more easterly 1976 voyage track, and so likely reach Tahiti were it to continue. After heading south for two days, ''Hōkūlea'' did not bisect the 1976 voyage track, but likely would have (further south than anticipated). It came about and returned to Hawaii. The traditional departure point would be used for subsequent sailings to Tahiti.

Legs

Honolulu Honolulu (; ) is the capital and largest city of the U.S. state of Hawaii, which is in the Pacific Ocean. It is an unincorporated county seat of the consolidated City and County of Honolulu, situated along the southeast coast of the isla ...

Oahu Oahu () ( Hawaiian: ''Oʻahu'' ()), also known as "The Gathering Place", is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one million people—over two-thirds of the population of the U.S. state of Hawaii. The island of O ...

– Manele Bay, Lānai – Kealaikahiki Point, Kahoolawe, Hawaii ( map), – a point at sea, ninety miles south of

Ka Lae Ka Lae ( haw, the point), also known as South Point, is the southernmost point of the Big Island of Hawaii and of the 50 United States. The Ka Lae area is registered as a National Historic Landmark District under the name South Point Complex. ...

Hawaii Island Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii ) is the largest island in the United States, located in the state of Hawaii. It is the southeasternmost of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of volcanic islands in the North Pacific Ocean. With an area of , it has 63% of t ...

– Honolulu, Hawaii, : 1 April 1977 to 10 April 1977

=Crew

= Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Dave Lyman; Crew: Teené Froiseth, Sam Kaai, Sam Kalalau, John Kruse, "Kimo" Lyman, Jerome "Jerry" Muller, Gordon Piianaia, Norman Piianaia, Michael A. Tongg^*, Makaala Yates

Tahiti voyage (1978)

Following the 1976 voyage, Nainoa Thompson attempted to teach himself how to navigate without instruments, using only the position of stars and ocean cues, based on information he learned from books, planetarium observations, and short voyages in Hawaiian waters. In 1978, the crew of ''Hōkūlea'' attempted a second voyage to Tahiti, which was aborted when ''Hōkūlea''

capsize Capsizing or keeling over occurs when a boat or ship is rolled on its side or further by wave action, instability or wind force beyond the angle of positive static stability or it is upside down in the water. The act of recovering a vessel fro ...

d in high wind and seas southwest of the Island of

Molokai Molokai , or Molokai (), is the fifth most populated of the eight major islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands archipelago in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It is 38 by 10 miles (61 by 16 km) at its greatest length and width with a us ...

, five hours after departing Honolulu's Ala Wai Harbor. The crew hung on to the capsized canoe through the night.

Flares A flare, also sometimes called a fusée, fusee, or bengala in some Latin-speaking countries, is a type of pyrotechnic that produces a bright light or intense heat without an explosion. Flares are used for distress signaling, illumination, ...

were unseen by passing aircraft; the emergency radio reached no help. By mid-morning, with no sign of imminent rescue and the capsized canoe drifting farther from land, Eddie Aikau, a North Shore, Oahu, lifeguard of the year, 1977 Duke Kahanamoku champion and big-wave surfer, valiantly attempted to paddle a surfboard to Lānai for help. About nine hours later, flares launched by the crew were spotted by a

Hawaiian Airlines Hawaiian Airlines ( haw, Hui Mokulele o Hawaiʻi ) is the largest operator of commercial flights to and from the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is the tenth-largest commercial airline in the United States, and is based at Honolulu, Hawaii. The airl ...

flight which circled ''Hōkūlea'' and radioed the

United States Coast Guard The United States Coast Guard (USCG) is the maritime security, search and rescue, and law enforcement service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the country's eight uniformed services. The service is a maritime, military, m ...

("USCG"). Half an hour later, a USCG

search and rescue Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger. The general field of search and rescue includes many specialty sub-fields, typically determined by the type of terrain the search ...

helicopter A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forward, backward and laterally. These attribu ...

was hovering overhead; ''Hōkūlea'' crew was rescued. The following morning, the towed the vessel, from 22 miles southwest of Lāau Point, Molokai, back to Honolulu. Despite intensive land, air and sea search, Eddie Aikau was never seen again. ''Hōkūlea'' carries a plaque in his memory. Subsequent voyages were accompanied by an escort vessel.

Ala Wai Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaii, ''bound for'' Papeete, Tahiti, : 16 March 1978 to 18 March 1978 (recovery followed by USCG investigation)

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Dave Lyman; First Mate: Leon Paoa Sterling^*; "Snake" Ah Hee, Edward Ryon Makua Hanai "Eddie" Aikau^*, Charman Akina, M.D., Wedemeyer Au, Bruce Blankenfeld, Kilila Hugho, Sam Kaai, John Kruse, Marion Lyman, Buddy McGuire, Norman Piianaia, Curt Sumida, Teikiheepo "Tava" Taupu.

Tahiti voyage (1980)

After the 1978 disaster, Mau returned and gave Nainoa further training on traditional navigation techniques. In 1980, Nainoa Thompson recreated the 1976 voyage to Tahiti to become the first

Native Hawaiian Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, First Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians) ( haw, kānaka, , , and ), are the indigenous ethnic group of Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawa ...

in modern times to navigate a canoe thousands of miles without instruments. Mau sailed as an observer. After 29 days at sea, before sighting Mataiva on the way to Tahiti, Mau offered Nainoa only one correction; of Nainoa's interpretation of sighting a land-based seabird in mid-morning flight. Such birds generally fly seaward for food at morning and return to land in the evening. While it can usually be assumed that land lies opposite the birds' morning flight direction, this bird spotted mid-morning (during nesting season), carried a fish in its beak. This detail suggested to Mau that the bird's morning flight was not away from land but toward it. The bird was not flying seaward to find more fish, but rather, was returning to land, to feed its young. Leading up to the voyage, an extensive, formal crew training program helped to ensure a safe voyage. Escort boat ''Ishka'' followed for safety.

Hilo Hilo () is a census-designated place (CDP) and the largest settlement in Hawaii County, Hawaii, United States, which encompasses the Island of Hawaii. The population was 44,186 according to the 2020 census. It is the fourth-largest settlement ...
,
Hawaii Island Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii ) is the largest island in the United States, located in the state of Hawaii. It is the southeasternmost of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of volcanic islands in the North Pacific Ocean. With an area of , it has 63% of t ...
, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, : 15 March 1980 to 17 April 1980

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piianaia; Chad Kalepa Baybayan, "Shorty" Bertelmann, Harry Ho, Sam Kaai, Michael "Buddy" McGuire, Marion Lyman-Mersereau, Mau Piailug, Steve Somsen, Joanne Kahanamoku Sterling^*, Leon Paoa Sterling, "Tava" Taupu; Patrick Koon Hung Piimauna Charles "Pat" Aiu, MD^*

Papeete, Tahiti, – Honolulu, Hawaii, : 13 May 1980 to 6 June 1980

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piianaia; Wedemeyer Au, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Kainoa Lee, James "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Steven Somsen, Leon Paoa Sterling, Michael Tongg, Nathan Wong

Voyage of Rediscovery (1985–1987)

In the "Voyage of Rediscovery", ''Hōkūlea'' traveled to destinations throughout Polynesia. Inviting fellow Polynesians to join the crew on legs of the voyage extended ''Hōkūlea's'' success in revitalizing interest in Polynesian culture. For instance, professional Tongan sea captain Sione Taupeamuhu was aboard during a night passage from

Tongatapu Tongatapu is the main island of Tonga and the site of its capital, Nukualofa. It is located in Tonga's southern island group, to which it gives its name, and is the country's most populous island, with 74,611 residents (2016), 70.5% of the nation ...

Nomuka Nomuka is a small island in the southern part of the Haapai group of islands in Tonga. It is part of the Nomuka Group of islands, also called the Otu Muomua. Nomuka is 7 square kilometres in area. It has a large brackish lake (Ano Lahi) in the ...

in the northerly Haapai Islands group of

Tonga Tonga (, ; ), officially the Kingdom of Tonga ( to, Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), is a Polynesian country and archipelago. The country has 171 islands – of which 45 are inhabited. Its total surface area is about , scattered over in ...

( map). He was skeptical that ''Hōkūlea'' navigator Nainoa Thompson could find Nomuka without instruments. When Nomuka appeared on the horizon at dawn as anticipated, Taupeamuhu remarked, "Now I can believe the stories of my ancestors." ''Dorcas'' and ''Maalea'' served as escort vessels.

Hawaii Island, – Papeete, Society Islands, : 10 July 1985 to 11 August 1985

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: Clay Bertelmann^*, Dennis Chun, Richard Tai Crouch, Harry Ho, Dr. Larry Magnussen, "Buddy" McGuire, Mau Piailug, Thomas Reity (Satawal), James Shizuru, "Tava" Taupu

Papeete, Tahiti, –
Rarotonga Rarotonga is the largest and most populous of the Cook Islands. The island is volcanic, with an area of , and is home to almost 75% of the country's population, with 13,007 of a total population of 17,434. The Cook Islands' Parliament buildings a ...
, ( map): 30 August 1985 to 14 September 1985

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piianaia; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Karim Cowan (Tahiti), Bob Krauss, John Kruse, Vic Lipman, Mel Paoa, Mau Piailug, Abraham Piianaia, Chad Piianaia, Michael Tongg, Andrew Tutai (Cook Islands), Peter Sepelalur (Satawal), Leon Paoa Sterllng, Puaniho Tauotaha (Tahiti), Cliff Watson. (Bob Krauss, journalist; Karim Cowan, and Puaniho Tauotaha were crew members only from Tahiti to Raiatea)

Rarotonga, – Waitangi,
North Island The North Island, also officially named Te Ika-a-Māui, is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but much less populous South Island by the Cook Strait. The island's area is , making it the world's 14th-larges ...
, ( map): 21 November 1985 to 7 December 1985

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain and 1st Watch Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; 2nd Watch Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; 3rd Watch Captain: "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas); Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Stanley Conrad (New Zealand), Dr. Ben Finney, Harry Ho, "Buddy" McGuire, "Billy" Richards, James Shizuru, Michael Tongg

Waitangi, – Nukualofa,
Tongatapu Tongatapu is the main island of Tonga and the site of its capital, Nukualofa. It is located in Tonga's southern island group, to which it gives its name, and is the country's most populous island, with 74,611 residents (2016), 70.5% of the nation ...
Island, Kingdom of : 1 May 1986 to 11 May 1986

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Carlos Andrade, Chad Baybayan, Philip Ikeda*, John Keolanui, "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Scott Sullivan, Michael Tongg, Sione Uaine Ula (Tonga)

Nukualofa, –
Pago Pago Pago Pago ( ; Samoan: )Harris, Ann G. and Esther Tuttle (2004). ''Geology of National Parks''. Kendall Hunt. Page 604. . is the territorial capital of American Samoa. It is in Maoputasi County on Tutuila, which is American Samoa's main island. ...
, Tutuila Island, ( map): 23 May 1986 to 25 May 1986

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Carlos Andrade, Gilbert Ane, Gail Evenari (California), Chad Baybayan, Hector Busby (New Zealand), Philip Ikeda*, Sam Kaai, John Keolanui, "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Scott Sullivan, Jo Anne Sterling, Sione Taupeamuhu (Tonga), Michael Tongg, Sione Uaine Ula (Tonga)

Ofu Island, –
Aitutaki Aitutaki, also traditionally known as Araura and Utataki, is the second most-populated island in the Cook Islands, after Rarotonga. It is an "almost atoll", with fifteen islets in a lagoon adjacent to the main island. Total land area is , and the ...
, : 7 July 1986 to 16 July 1986

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: Clay Bertelmann, Harry Ho, Pauahi Ioane, Bernard Kilonsky, Ben Lindsey, Mel Paoa, Mau Piailug, Tua Pittman (Cook Islands), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas)

Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 10 August 1986 to 11 August 1986

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Dede Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Wally" Froseith, Pauahi Ioane, "Jerry" Muller, Mau Piailug, Tua Pittman (Rarotonga), Rio Tuiravakai (Aitutaki), Raukete Tuiravakai (Aitutaki)

Rarotonga, –
Tautira Tautira is a Polynesian beach village, valley, and point on the south-east coast of the island of Tahiti in the Pacific. It is part of the commune Taiarapu-Est. With a population of 2338 (in 2007), it is located 49 kilometres southeast of the Tah ...
, Tahiti Iti, Society Islands, : 12 August 1986 to 21 August 1986

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Wallace "Wally" Froiseth, Harry Ho, Glen Oshiro, Mau Piailug, Richard Rhodes, Michael Tongg, Aaron Young

Tautira – Papeete, Tahiti Nui – Tautira: 27 March 1987 to 29 March 1987

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: U.S. Senator

Daniel Akaka Daniel Kahikina Akaka (; September 11, 1924 – April 6, 2018) was an American educator and politician who served as a United States Senate, United States Senator from Hawaii from 1990 to 2013. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), De ...

, Chad Baybayan; "Wally" Froiseth, Harry Ho, Kilo Kaina, Michele Kapana, Will Kyselka, Russell Mau, Honolulu City Councilman Arnold Morgado; Abraham Piianaia, Tutaha Salmon (Tahiti), Cary Sneider (California), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas), Michael Tongg, Aaron Young. Senator Akaka and Councilman Morgado joined the crew in Papeete.

Tautira, Tahiti Iti, Society Islands – Rangiroa Atoll,
Tuamotus The Tuamotu Archipelago or the Tuamotu Islands (french: Îles Tuamotu, officially ) are a French Polynesian chain of just under 80 islands and atolls in the southern Pacific Ocean. They constitute the largest chain of atolls in the world, extendin ...
( map): 2 April 1987 to 4 April 1987

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew; Chad Baybayan, Clay Bertelmann, "Wally" Froiseth, Rey Jonsson, Solomon Kahoohalahala, Will Kyselka, Charles Larson, Mel Paoa, Cary Sneider (California), "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Clifford Watson, Dr. Nathan Wong, Elisa Yadao, Aaron Young

Rangiroa, Tuamotus, – Kualoa,
Oahu Oahu () ( Hawaiian: ''Oʻahu'' ()), also known as "The Gathering Place", is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one million people—over two-thirds of the population of the U.S. state of Hawaii. The island of O ...
( map), Hawaii, : 24 April 1987 to 23 May 1987.

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Stanley Conrad (New Zealand), Eni Hunkin (Samoa), Tua Pittman (Cook Islands), Dixon Stroup, Puaniho Tauotaha (Tahiti), Sione Taupeamuhu (Tonga), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas), Michael Tongg, Clifford Watson, Elisa Yadao

''No Nā Mamo'' ('For the Children') (1992)

''Hōkūlea'' sailed to Tahiti,

Raiatea Raiatea or Ra'iatea ( Tahitian: ''Ra‘iātea'') is the second largest of the Society Islands, after Tahiti, in French Polynesia. The island is widely regarded as the "centre" of the eastern islands in ancient Polynesia and it is likely that th ...

, and on to Rarotonga for the Sixth

Festival of Pacific Arts The Festival of Pacific Arts, Pacific Arts Festival, or FESTPAC is a traveling festival hosted every four years, in the same year as the Summer Olympics, by a different country in Oceania (map). It was conceived by the Pacific Community (former "' ...

, then, via Tahiti, sailed back to Hawaii. This voyage, known as "''No Nā Mamo''" or "For the Children", was designed to train a new generation of voyagers to sail ''Hōkūlea'', to share values and knowledge of voyaging and to celebrate the revival of canoe building and non-instrument navigation. The voyage included an educational component allowing Hawaiian students to track the progress of the canoe through daily radio reports. ''Kama Hele'' escorted the voyage.

Honaunau, Hawaii Island, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, : 17 June 1992 to 15 July 1992

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Co-navigator; "Shorty" Bertelmann, Co-navigator; Clay Bertelmann, Captain; Nailima Ahuna, Fisherman; Dennis J. Chun, Historian; Maulili Dixon, Cook; Kainoa Lee; Liloa Long; Jay Paikai; Chadd Kaonohi Paishon; Ben Tamura, M.D.; "Tava" Taupu

Papeete – Raiatea: 10 September 1992 to 16 September 1992

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Navigator; Keahi Omai, Navigator; "Billy" Richards, Captain; Gilbert Ane; John Eddy, Film Documentation; Clement "Tiger" Espere^*; Brickwood Galuteria, Communications; Harry Ho; Sol Kahoohalahala; Dennis Kawaharada, Communications; Reggie Keaunui; Keone Nunes, Oral Historian; Eric Martinson; Nalani Minton, Traditional Medicine; Esther Mookini, Hawaiian Language; Mel Paoa; Cliff Watson, Film Documentation; Nathan Wong, M.D.

Raiatea, Society Islands, – Mauke, – Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 20 September 1992 to 16 October 1992

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Navigator; Gordon Piianaia, Captain; Moana Doi, Photo Documentation; John Eddy, Film Documentation; Ben Finney, Scholar; "Wally" Froseith, Watch Captain; Brickwood Galuteria, Communications; Harry Ho; Kaau McKenney; Keahi Omai; Keone Nunes, Oral Historian; "Billy" Richards, Watch Captain; Cliff Watson, Film Documentation Cook Islands Additional Crew: Clive Baxter (Aitutaki); Tura Koronui (Atiu); Dorn Marsters (Aitutaki); Tua Pittman (Rarotonga); Nga Pouao (Mitiaro); Maara Tearaua (Mangaia); Peia Tuaati (Mauke)

Rarotonga, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, – Honaunau, Hawaii Island, : 26 October 1992 to 1 December 1992

Co-navigators: Bruce Blankenfeld, "Kimo" Lyman; Captain: Michael Tongg; Sailing Master: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captain and Cook: "Snake" Ah Hee; Watch Captain: Aaron Young; Ship's Doctor: Pat Aiu, M.D; Historian: Carlos Andrade; Fisherman: Terry Hee; Communications: Scott Sullivan; Crew: Archie Kalepa, Suzette Smith, Wallace Wong, Gary Yuen

''Nā ʻOhana Holo Moana'' ('The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean') (1995)

Spring voyage segment

In the spring, ''Hōkūlea'', along with sister ships '' Hawai‘iloa'' and '' Makali‘i'', sailed from Hawaii to Tahiti. They participated in a gathering of voyaging canoes from across

Oceania Oceania (, , ) is a geographical region that includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Spanning the Eastern and Western hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of and a population of around 44.5 million ...

at nearby

Marae Taputapuatea A ' (in New Zealand Māori, Cook Islands Māori, Tahitian), ' (in Tongan), ' (in Marquesan) or ' (in Samoan) is a communal or sacred place that serves religious and social purposes in Polynesian societies. In all these languages, the term a ...

, Raiatea, which led to the lifting of a six-centuries-old tapu on voyaging from Raiatea. Then all the canoes returned to Tahiti, sailed to Nuku Hiva in the

Marquesas The Marquesas Islands (; french: Îles Marquises or ' or '; Marquesan: ' (North Marquesan) and ' (South Marquesan), both meaning "the land of men") are a group of volcanic islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France in t ...

and on to Hawaii. This was only the first part of a voyage spanning spring and summer known as "''Nā Ohana Holo Moana''" or The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean''.'' ''Hōkūlea'' was escorted by ''Gershon II'' under Steve Kornberg; ''Rizaldar'', under Randy Wichman, also escorted.

Hilo Hilo () is a census-designated place (CDP) and the largest settlement in Hawaii County, Hawaii, United States, which encompasses the Island of Hawaii. The population was 44,186 according to the 2020 census. It is the fourth-largest settlement ...
, Hawaii Island, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, : 11 February 1995 to 4 March 1995

Sailing Master: Nainoa Thompson; Navigators: Kaau McKenney, Keahi Omai; Crew: Shantell Ching, Junior Coleman, Catherine Fuller, Harry Ho, Mau Piailug, Sesario Sewralur (son of Mau Piailug), Ben Tamura, MD; "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Kamaki Worthington. After ''Hōkūlea'' sighted

Tikehau Tikehau (meaning ''Peaceful Landing'' in TuamotuanOfficial Tikehau Tourism Site< ...

on 2 March 1995, Navigators Kaau McKenney and Keahi Omai turned over navigation to their apprentices, Junior Coleman and Sesario Sewralur, who guided the vessel to landfall in Papeete, Tahiti.

Tautira, Tahiti – Fare,
Huahine Huahine is an island located among the Society Islands, in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the Leeward Islands group ''(Îles sous le Vent).'' At the 2017 census it had a population of 6,075. ...
– Marae Taputapuatea, Raiatea –
Tahaa Taha’a (sometimes spelled as "Tahaa") is an island located among the western group, the Leeward Islands, of the Society Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. The islands of Taha’a and neighboring ...
– Tautira, Tahiti: 16 March 1995 to 24 March 1995

The crew may be the same as on the previous leg, but this is speculation.

Tautira, Tahiti, Society Islands –
Taiohae Taiohae is the main town on Nuku Hiva island. The town is located on a former volcanic crater, which has partly collapsed into the ocean, creating a bay. This is the site of Fort Madison Fort Madison is a city and a county seat of Lee Coun ...
Bay, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands: 6 April 1995 to 15 April 1995

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan;

Taiohae Bay, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas, – Hilo, Hawaii Island, : 20 April 1995 to 7 May 1995

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan; Co-assistant navigators: Moana Doi, Piikea Miller; Watch Captains: "Snake" Ah Hee, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg; Medical Officer: Mel Paoa; Fisherman and Teacher: Nainoa Thompson; Cook: Gary Yuen; Crew: Clyde Aikau, Sam Pautu, Mau Piailug, Sesario Sewralur, Gary Suzuki

Summer voyage segment

In the summer: ''Hōkūlea'' and ''Hawai‘iloa'' sailed the

West Coast of the United States The West Coast of the United States, also known as the Pacific Coast, Pacific states, and the western seaboard, is the coastline along which the Western United States meets the North Pacific Ocean. The term typically refers to the contiguous U.S ...

. Both vessels were shipped from Hawaii to

Seattle, Washington Seattle ( ) is a seaport city on the West Coast of the United States. It is the seat of King County, Washington. With a 2020 population of 737,015, it is the largest city in both the state of Washington and the Pacific Northwest region ...

, after which they sailed to

Vancouver Vancouver ( ) is a major city in western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia. As the most populous city in the province, the 2021 Canadian census recorded 662,248 people in the city, up from 631,486 in 2016. ...

British Columbia British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, for ...

. They visited intermediate ports, where local American Indian tribes often hosted them to a dinner and gift exchange. From Vancouver, ''Hawai‘iloa'' sailed as far north as Haines, Alaska. ''Hōkūlea'' sailed south to

San Diego San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the eighth most populous city in the United States ...

via

Portland, Oregon Portland (, ) is a port city in the Pacific Northwest and the largest city in the U.S. state of Oregon. Situated at the confluence of the Willamette and Columbia rivers, Portland is the county seat of Multnomah County, the most populous ...

, and the

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...

ports of

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17t ...

, Santa Barbara, and

Long Beach Long Beach is a city in Los Angeles County, California. It is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States, with a population of 466,742 as of 2020. A charter city, Long Beach is the seventh-most populous city in California. Incorporat ...

. The voyaging canoes were shipped back to Hawaii: ''Hōkūlea'' from San Pedro; ''Hawai‘iloa'' from Seattle. This summer part of the voyage promoted cultural and educational exchanges with Hawaiians (some of whom had never been to Hawaii), Native Americans, and other people living on the United States West Coast. Crew: Captains: Gordon Piianaia, "Kimo" Lyman, Michael Tongg, Chad Baybayan; Crew: Gil Ane, Beth Atuatasi (née Saurer), Moana Doi, Laulima Lyman, Leon Sterling, Matthew Tongg

Stops in the
Puget Sound Puget Sound ( ) is a sound of the Pacific Northwest, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean, and part of the Salish Sea. It is located along the northwestern coast of the U.S. state of Washington. It is a complex estuarine system of interconnected m ...
and Straits of
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...
and Juan de Fuca area

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Pier 57, Seattle, Washington, : 19 May 1995 to 26 May 1995
''Hōkūlea'' crew participated in National Maritime Week festivities and shared a dinner hosted by the Muckleshoot,

Puyallup Puyallup may refer to: * Puyallup (tribe), a Native American tribe * Puyallup, Washington, a city ** Puyallup High School ** Puyallup School District ** Puyallup station, a Sounder commuter rail station ** Washington State Fair, formerly the ...

Suquamish The Suquamish () are a Lushootseed language, Lushootseed-speaking Native Americans in the United States, Native American people, located in present-day Washington (state), Washington in the United States. They are a southern Coast Salish peopl ...

nations and Wayfinders of the Pacific. * Golden Gardens, Shilshole Bay: 27 May 1995 to 28 May 1995
A

potlatch A potlatch is a gift-giving feast practiced by Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of Canada and the United States,Harkin, Michael E., 2001, Potlatch in Anthropology, International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Scie ...

with First Nations was shared with hoolaulea (celebration); ''Hōkūlea'' supported the Polynesian Youth Games hosted by Seattle Parks and Recreation * Chinook Landing Marina, Puyallup Nation, Tacoma: 28 May 1995 to 1 June 1995
As well as sharing educational outreach and cultural exchange, crew shared in a luau. * Suquamish Reservation: 1 June 1995 to 2 June 1995 *

Lummi The Lummi ( ; Lummi: ''Xwlemi'' ; also known as Lhaq'temish (), or ''People of the Sea''), governed by the Lummi Nation, are a Native American tribe of the Coast Salish ethnolinguistic group. They are based in the coastal area of the Pacific N ...

Nation, Bellingham: 3 June 1995 to 4 June 1995 * Squalicum Harbor, Bellingham: 5 June 1995 *

Swinomish Reservation The Swinomish Indian Tribal Community, also known as the Swinomish Tribe, is a federally recognized Tribe located on Puget Sound in Washington.Skagit, Washington, : 6 June 1995 * Vancouver Maritime Museum, Vancouver, British Columbia, : 7 June 1995 to 8 June 1995
Exchange with the

Assembly of First Nations The Assembly of First Nations (AFN) is an assembly of Canadian First Nations (Indian bands) represented by their chiefs. Established in 1982 and modelled on the United Nations General Assembly, it emerged from the National Indian Brotherhood, ...

* Makah Nation,

Neah Bay Neah Bay is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Makah Reservation in Clallam County, Washington, United States. The population was 865 at the 2010 census. It is across the Canada–US border from British Columbia. Originally called "Scarboro ...

, Washington, : 9 June 1995 to 11 June 1995

Neah Bay – Portland, Oregon: 12 June 1995 to 15 June 1995;
Columbia River The Columbia River ( Upper Chinook: ' or '; Sahaptin: ''Nch’i-Wàna'' or ''Nchi wana''; Sinixt dialect'' '') is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. The river rises in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia ...

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Kalama, Washington where crew shared a dinner with Kalama Ohana: 16 June 1995 *

Fort Vancouver Fort Vancouver was a 19th century fur trading post that was the headquarters of the Hudson's Bay Company's Columbia Department, located in the Pacific Northwest. Named for Captain George Vancouver, the fort was located on the northern bank of ...

, Washington public dock where ''Hōkūlea'' was part of a festival and the rededication of Kanaka Village: 17 June 1995 to 20 June 1995

Portland, Oregon – San Francisco, California: 21 June 1995 to 29 June 1995

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Hyde Street Pier arrival for 1 July 1995 welcoming ceremony and festival at

Crissy Field Crissy Field is a public recreation area on the northern shore of the San Francisco Peninsula in California, United States, located just east of the Golden Gate Bridge. It includes restored tidal marsh and beaches. Crissy Field is a former Un ...

, 2 July 1995 Long Boat Regatta on the bay, Hawaiian music concert and Polynesian festival at

Lawrence Hall of Science The Lawrence Hall of Science is a public science center in Berkeley, California that offers hands-on science exhibits, designs curriculum, aids professional development, and offers after school science resources to students of all ages. The Hall ...

San Francisco – Santa Barbara: 3 July 1995 to 9 July 1995

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Santa Barbara Harbor Marina: 10 July 1995 to 11 July 1995, interchange with the Santa Barbara Outrigger Canoe Club, Cousteau Institute, and the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History

Santa Barbara – Long Beach: 11 July 1995 to 12 July 1995

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Gabrieleño/Tongva Tribal Council, Kalifornia Outrigger Association, Hawaiian Civic Clubs, the Rapa Nui Outrigger Club, and the City of Long Beach, on 12 July 1995; * A two-day symposium with scholars, scientists, and master artisans called ''Century of the Pakipika'', 13 July 1995 to 14 July 1995; * A Hawaiian and

Pacific Island Collectively called the Pacific Islands, the islands in the Pacific Ocean are further categorized into three major island groups: Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Depending on the context, the term ''Pacific Islands'' may refer to one of se ...

Festival with teachers' workshops, the annual Long Beach Hoolaulea Canoe Regatta and a farewell dinner and ceremonies, 13 July 1995 to 19 July 1995

Long Beach – San Diego: 20 July 1995

''Hōkūlea'' visited: * Embarcadero, San Diego, there was a welcoming ceremony, 22 July 1995, * A Hawaiian and Pacific Islands festival, and an exhibition, called: * ''Hale Naua'', or "Turning Back the Sky," at the

San Diego Museum of Man The Museum of Us (formerly known as the San Diego Museum of Man) is a museum of anthropology located in Balboa Park, San Diego, California and housed in the historic landmark buildings of the California Quadrangle. History The museum traces ...

, 23 July 1995 to 25 July 1995

San Diego – San Pedro: 26 July 1995 to 28 July 1995; from San Pedro, ''Hōkūlea'' returned to Hawaii by ship, courtesy of Alexander & Baldwin Foundation and Matson.

Closing the Triangle (1999–2000)

''Hōkūlea'' sailed from Hawaii to

Rapa Nui Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearly ...

(Easter Island) and back, via the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia. While in the Marquesas, short trips were made between principal islands of the group ( map). A brief stop was made at Pitcairn Island on the Mangareva – Rapa Nui leg. A technically challenging voyage due to Rapa Nui's isolation and location over 1,000 miles upwind; it is known as "Closing the

Triangle A triangle is a polygon with three edges and three vertices. It is one of the basic shapes in geometry. A triangle with vertices ''A'', ''B'', and ''C'' is denoted \triangle ABC. In Euclidean geometry, any three points, when non- colline ...

" because it took the canoe to the southeastern Pacific for the first time. ''Kama Hele'' escorted the voyage.

, Island, – ''Nuku Hiva'', Marquesas Islands, : 15 June 1999 to 13 July 1999

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Apprentice Navigator: Piikea Miller; Watch Captains: Dennis Chun, Terry Hee, Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Desmon Antone, Darcy Attisani, Kekama Helm, Kaau McKenney, Atwood Makanani, Hauoli Smith, Wallace Wong

''Nuku Hiva'' – '' Ua Pou'' – '' Ua Huka'' – '' Tahuata'' – '' Fatu Hiva'' – '' Hiva Oa'' –
Mangareva Mangareva is the central and largest island of the Gambier Islands in French Polynesia. It is surrounded by smaller islands: Taravai in the southwest, Aukena and Akamaru in the southeast, and islands in the north. Mangareva has a permanent p ...
, Gambier Islands: 2 August 1999 to 29 August 1999

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan; Apprentice Navigators: Moana Doi, Catherine Fuller; Student Navigator: Aldon Kim; Watch Captains: Terry Hee, Mel Paoa, "Tava" Taupu; Protocol Officer: Kaniela Akaka; Crew: Tim Gilliom, Kealoha Hoe, Aeronwy Polo, Mona Shintani, Gary Suzuki, Nalani Wilson, Gary Yuen

Mangareva, – Pitcairn, – Rapa Nui (
Easter Island Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearl ...
), Territory of : 21 September 1999 to 9 October 1999

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Navigators: Bruce Blankenfeld, Chad Baybayan; Medical Officer: Ben Tamura, MD; Photographer and Videographer: Sonny Ahuna; Crew: Shantell Ching, Terry Hee, Mel Paoa, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Max Yarawamai, Aaron Young

Rapa Nui (
Easter Island Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearl ...
), Territory of – Tahiti, : 9 November 1999 to 3 December 1999

Navigator: Bruce Blankenfeld; Captain: "Wally" Froiseth; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Bob Bee, Blane Chong, Dennis Chun, Terry Hee, Nalani Kaneakua, Kawika Crivello, Kealoha Hoe, "Kimo" Lyman, Kawai Warren, Kamaki Worthington

Tahiti, –
Kaunakakai Kaunakakai () is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, United States. It is the largest town on the island of Molokai. The population was 3,419 at the 2020 census. It has the largest port on the island and the longest pier i ...
, Molokai, Hawaii, : 5 February 2000 to 27 February 2000

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Navigator: Shantell Ching; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Chad Baybayan, Pomaikalani "Pomai" Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, Sam Low, Joey Mallot, Kahualaulani Mick, Kaiulani Murphy, Kaui Pelekane, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Dr. Patrice Ming-Lei Tim Sing, Kona Woolsey

Navigating Change (2003–2004)

In 2003, ''Hōkūlea'' sailed to

Nihoa Nihoa (; haw, Nīhoa ), also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The island is located at the southern end of the NWHI chain, southeast of ...

, the closest of the "leeward," or

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands or Leeward Hawaiian Islands are a series of islands and atolls in the Hawaiian island chain located northwest (in some cases, far to the northwest) of the islands of Kauai and Niihau. Politically, they are all ...

(maps:

small Small may refer to: Science and technology * SMALL, an ALGOL-like programming language * Small (anatomy), the lumbar region of the back * ''Small'' (journal), a nano-science publication * <small>, an HTML element that defines smaller text ...

and

large Large means of great size. Large may also refer to: Mathematics * Arbitrarily large, a phrase in mathematics * Large cardinal, a property of certain transfinite numbers * Large category, a category with a proper class of objects and morphisms ...

scale), to set the stage for the 2004 voyage to the furthest, most westerly of them,

Kure Atoll Kure Atoll (; haw, Hōlanikū, translation=bringing forth heaven; haw, Mokupāpapa, translation=flat island, label=none) or Ocean Island is an atoll in the Pacific Ocean west-northwest of Midway Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ...

. ''Hōkūlea's'' 2004 voyage took the canoe through the area now comprising the

Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument The Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument (PMNM) (roughly ) is a World Heritage listed U.S. National Monument encompassing of ocean waters, including ten islands and atolls of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. It was created in June ...

to promote

stewardship Stewardship is an ethical value that embodies the responsible planning and management of resources. The concepts of stewardship can be applied to the environment and nature, economics, health, property, information, theology, cultural resources e ...

and awareness of this area. ''Hōkūlea'' participated in an interagency initiative with this voyage named after it, called "Navigating Change". Upon reaching the remote islands, the crew helped remove hundreds of pounds of washed-up fishing nets that threatened

Hawaiian monk seal The Hawaiian monk seal (''Neomonachus schauinslandi'') is an endangered species of earless seal in the family Phocidae that is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaiian monk seal is one of two extant monk seal species; the other is th ...

s and Hawaiian

Green sea turtles The green sea turtle (''Chelonia mydas''), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a species of large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus ''Chelonia''. Its range exten ...

and also helped with

plant conservation Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an ...

. About 1,600 schoolchildren linked to the vessel by daily satellite phone calls. Teachers prepared with curriculum guides, video and web resources. Navigating Change was supported by US Fish & Wildlife Service, Polynesian Voyaging Society,

Bishop Museum The Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, designated the Hawaii State Museum of Natural and Cultural History, is a museum of history and science in the historic Kalihi district of Honolulu on the Hawaiian island of Oʻahu. Founded in 1889, it is the la ...

NOAA The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (abbreviated as NOAA ) is an United States scientific and regulatory agency within the United States Department of Commerce that forecasts weather, monitors oceanic and atmospheric conditio ...

Hawai'i Department of Education The Hawaii State Department of Education (HIDOE) is a statewide public education system in the United States. The school district can be thought of as analogous to the school districts of other cities and communities in the United States, but i ...

Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources The Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) is a part of the Hawaii state government dedicated to managing, administering, and exercising control over public lands, water resources and streams, ocean waters, coastal areas, minerals ...

, Hawaii Maritime Center,

University of Hawaii A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, th ...

The Nature Conservancy The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is a global environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia. it works via affiliates or branches in 79 countries and territories, as well as across every state in the US. Founded in 1951, The Nat ...

, Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Coastal Zone Management Hawaii, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Harold K.L. Castle Foundation and the Pacific American Foundation. ''Kama Hele'' escorted the voyage.

Oahu Oahu () ( Hawaiian: ''Oʻahu'' ()), also known as "The Gathering Place", is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one million people—over two-thirds of the population of the U.S. state of Hawaii. The island of O ...
–
Kauai Kauai, () anglicized as Kauai ( ), is geologically the second-oldest of the main Hawaiian Islands (after Niʻihau). With an area of 562.3 square miles (1,456.4 km2), it is the fourth-largest of these islands and the 21st largest islan ...
: 7 September 2003 to ?

Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Crew: Carey Amimoto, Anela Benson, Leimomi Dierks, Timmy Gilliom, Kiki Hugho, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Jerry Muller, Dean Nikaido, Mel Paoa, Ronson Sahut, Jan TenBruggencate, Boyd Yap

Kauai –
Nihoa Nihoa (; haw, Nīhoa ), also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The island is located at the southern end of the NWHI chain, southeast of ...
: 9 September 2003 to ?

Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Naalehu Anthony, Bruce Blankenfeld, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Cindy Macfarlane, Mel Paoa, Jan TenBruggencate, Kana Uchino, Alex Wegman, Aulani Wilhelm

Harbor, , Hawaii – , Kauai: 2 May 2004 to 3 May 2004

Navigator: Kaiulani Murphy; Captain: Russell Amimoto; Crew: Jan TenBruggencate,

Bay, Kauai – ''Nihoa'' Island – Tern Island, French Frigate Shoals – ''Laysan'' Island – ''Lisianski'' Island – Pearl and Hermes Atoll – Green Island, ''Kure'' Atoll – Midway Atoll: 23 May 2004 to 9 June 2004

Navigator: Kaiulani Murphy; Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Sailing Master: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captain: Russell Amimoto; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Ann Bell; Leimomi Kekina Dierks, Randy Kosaki, Keoni Kuoha, Cherie Shehata, MD, "Tava" Taupu, Jan TenBruggencate, Kanako Uchino, Kaleo Wong

Midway Atoll – : 11 June 2004 to 22 June 2004

Navigator: Bruce Blankenfeld; Captain: Mel Paoa; Terry Hee, Kealoha Hoe, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Keoni Kuoha, Kaiulani Murphy, "Tava" Taupu, Mike Taylor, Gary Yuen

– , , : 23 June 2004 to 24 June 2004

Captain: Russell Amimoto; Gerald Aikau

One Ocean, One People (2007)

The One Ocean, One People theme united two voyages in celebration of Pacific voyaging, Pacific Islands, and cultural ties, in passages to Micronesia and Japan. These voyages were named ''Kū Holo Mau'' and ''Kū Holo Lā Komohana''. ''Kama Hele'' escorted the voyage.

''Kū Holo Mau''

Accompanied by the canoe '' Alingano Maisu'' and specialized escort boat ''Kama Hele'', (''photo below, in gallery)'' ''Hōkūlea'' sailed from Hawaii to the

, 23 January to 7 April 2007. This voyage is known as "''Kū Holo Mau''", or "Sail On, Sail Always, Sail Forever." While on the island of Satawal, the crew of the ''Hōkūlea'' presented the ''Alingano Maisu'' to Mau Piailug. While at Satawal, some ''Hōkūlea'' navigators who had proven their mastery of non-instrument sailing and navigation over many ocean passages were inducted into '' Pwo'', pronounced "poh." This was the first ''Pwo'' ceremony on ''Satawal'' in five decades, and the first time Polynesians were inducted.

'' Kawaihae'', Hawaii Island, – ''
Majuro Majuro (; Marshallese: ' ) is the capital and largest city of the Marshall Islands. It is also a large coral atoll of 64 islands in the Pacific Ocean. It forms a legislative district of the Ratak (Sunrise) Chain of the Marshall Islands. The ato ...
'', Republic of the : 23 January 2007 to 18 February 2007

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Ben Tamura; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Bob Bee, Terry Hee, Nohea Kaiokamalie, Kaleo Wong, Palani Wright

, Republic of the – , : 21 February 2007 to 28 February 2007

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Gerald Akaka; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Terry Hee, Nohea Kaiokamalie, Gary Kubota, Kaleo Wong, Palani Wright

''Pohnpei'' – ''Chuuk'': 6 March 2007 to 9 March 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Pomai Bertelmann, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi

''Chuuk'' – ''Satawal'', Yap State: 11 March 2007 to 21 March 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, "Shorty" Bertelmann, Pomai Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi

''Satawal'' – ''
Woleai Woleai, also known as Oleai, is a coral atoll of twenty-two islands in the western Caroline Islands in the Pacific Ocean, and forms a legislative district in the Yap State in the Federated States of Micronesia and is located approximately wes ...
'' Atoll: 19 March 2007 to 21 March 2007

''Woleai'' – ''
Ulithi Ulithi ( yap, Wulthiy, , or ) is an atoll in the Caroline Islands of the western Pacific Ocean, about east of Yap. Overview Ulithi consists of 40 islets totaling , surrounding a lagoon about long and up to wide—at one of the larges ...
'' Atoll: 21 March 2007 to 23 March 2007

Navigator: Kaiulani Murphy; Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, Pomai Bertelmann, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi

''Ulithi'' – Yap Island: 21 March 2007 to 23 March 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, Pomai Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, Dr. Thane Hancock, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi

Colonia, Yap Colonia is an urban area belonging to the municipalities of Rull and Weloy which serves as the capital of the State of Yap, one of the Federated States of Micronesia. It administers both Yap proper and some 13 atolls and islands reaching to the ea ...
Island, – ( map): 29 March 2007 to 31 March 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Vernon Andsell; Crew: Aaron Akina, Naalehu Anthony, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis Eric Co, Emily Fielding, Keoni Kuoha, Waimea McKeague,

Tommy Remengesau Thomas Esang "Tommy" Remengesau Jr. (born 28 February 1956) is a Palauan politician; in 2013 he was elected the ninth president of Palau and was re-elected to that office in 2016. Previously he served as the seventh president of the island nat ...

(President of Palau), Pauline Sato, Patti Ann Solomon, Jennifer Yano

– Colonia, Yap Island, : 5 April 2007 to 7 April 2007

Navigator: Kaiulani Murphy; Captain: Naalehu Anthony; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Nainoa Thompson; Medical Officer: Dr. Vernon Andsell; Crew: Aaron Akina, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis Eric Co, Emily Fielding, Keoni Kuoha, Waimea McKeague, Pauline Sato, Patti Ann Solomon

''Kū Holo Lā Komohana''

From Yap, the ''Hōkūlea'' sailed to ''

'',

, from 11 April 2007 to 8 June 2007. Upon sighting

Kyūshū is the third-largest island of Japan's five main islands and the most southerly of the four largest islands ( i.e. excluding Okinawa). In the past, it has been known as , and . The historical regional name referred to Kyushu and its surround ...

, navigation of coastal and inland seas utilized landmarks and aids to navigation. From departure to landfall at

Okinawa is a Prefectures of Japan, prefecture of Japan. Okinawa Prefecture is the southernmost and westernmost prefecture of Japan, has a population of 1,457,162 (as of 2 February 2020) and a geographic area of 2,281 Square kilometre, km2 (880 sq mi). ...

, Japan, ''Hōkūlea'' was guided by Nainoa Thompson. Chad Baybayan then guided the vessel to further stops at ''Amami'', ''Uto'', ''Nomozaki'', ''Nagasaki'', ''Fukuoka'', ''Shinmoji'' marina in ''Moji-ku'', ''Iwaishima'' and ''Suō-Ōshima'' (''Ōshima''). Nainoa Thompson resumed as captain for stops at ''Miyajima'' and ''

Hiroshima is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 1,199,391. The gross domestic product (GDP) in Greater Hiroshima, Hiroshima Urban Employment Area, was US$61.3 billion as of 2010. Kazumi Matsui ...

'' (

image An image is a visual representation of something. It can be two-dimensional, three-dimensional, or somehow otherwise feed into the visual system to convey information. An image can be an artifact, such as a photograph or other two-dimensio ...

). Bruce Blankenfeld took over for stops at '' Uwajima'', ''Muroto'', ''Miura'' and ''Kamakura'' before concluding the voyage in ''Yokohama''. This

voyage Voyage(s) or The Voyage may refer to: Literature *''Voyage : A Novel of 1896'', Sterling Hayden * ''Voyage'' (novel), a 1996 science fiction novel by Stephen Baxter *''The Voyage'', Murray Bail * "The Voyage" (short story), a 1921 story by ...

is known as "''Kū Holo Lā Komohana''", or ''Sail On to the Western Sun''. While ''Hōkūlea'' was shipped back to Honolulu, escort vessel ''Kama Hele'' sailed back to Oahu under German Captain Mike Weindl with six Japanese crewmembers.

Yap, – Okinawa, 11 April 2007 to 23 April 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Takuji Araki (Japan), Pomai Bertelmann, Timi Gilliom, Kaina Holomalia, Attwood Makanani, Kaiulani Murphy, Maile Neff, Chadd Kaonohi Paishon, Dr. Pete Roney, Kanaka Uchino (Japan).

''Okinawa'' – ''Ōshima'' 28 April 2007 to 19 May 2007

Captain: Chad Baybayan; Crew: Imaikalani P. Aiu, Takuji Araki, Kalepa "Kala" Baybayan, Stephanie M. Beeby, Anela K. Benson, Dennis J. Chun, Monte Costa, Derek Ferrar, Timmy Gilliom, Heidi K. Guth, Kaimi C. Hermosura, Kiyoko Ikeda, William Keala Kai, Attwood Makanani, Chadd Kaonohi Paishon, Makaala Rawlins, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Van K. Warren

''Ōshima'' – ''Uwajima'' 26 May 2007 to 27 May 2007

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captain: Kaiulani Murphy; Crew: Imaikalani P. Aiu, Takuji Araki, Nanea Baird, Stephanie M. Beeby, Anela K. Benson, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis J. Chun, Monte Costa, Heidi K. Guth, Kaimi C. Hermosura, Kiyoko Ikeda, William Keala Kai, Attwood Makanani, Chadd Kaonohi Paishon, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Sky Takemoto, Kanako Uchino, Van K. Warren

''Uwajima'' – ''Yokohama'' 3 June 2007 to 9 June 2007

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Senior Officers: Norman Piianaia, "Tava" Taupu; Watch Captain: Naalehu Anthony; Crew: Takuji Araki, Chris Baird, Dennis Kawaharada, Attwood Makanani, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Patti-Ann Solomon; Watch Captain: Kaiulani Murphy; Crew: Pomai Bertelmann, Dean Nikaido, Chadd Kaonohi Paishon, Leighton Tseu (representing the Royal Order of Kamehameha), Kanako Uchino, Kiyotsugu Yoshida (Sunset Films)

''Malama Honua'' (worldwide voyage) (2014–2017)

Legs

* Polynesia, May 2014 – April 2015'worldwide voyage', at hokulea.com
Accessed June 18, 2017 ** ''Malama Hawaii'': Statewide Sail ** ''Hawaii'' – Tahiti ** Tahiti – Samoa ** ''Apia'' and Phoenix Islands ** ''Tutuila'' to ''Aotearoa'' ** ''Aotearoa'' I * ustralia andIndian Ocean, May 2015 – December 2015 ** Including Sydney ** July 2015: Great Barrier Reef ** August 2015: Bali ** September 2015: Mauritius ** November 2015: South Africa"Malama Honua Voyage", I Mua Newsroom, at ksbe.edu
Accessed 30 June 2017 * Atlantic and Caribbean, January 2016 – February 2016 ** January 2016 St. Helena, en route to Brazil ** March 2016 US Virgin Islands in the Caribbean ** March 2016 Havana, Cuba * 'N. America & Canada', April 2016 – December 2016 ** April 2016 interior waterways of Florida ** April 2016 NASA Kennedy Space Center ** May 2016 Washington, D.C. ** June 2016 New York City'Hawaiian Hokule'a canoe makes it round the world', at bbc.co.uk
Accessed June 18, 2017 ** June 2016 Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine ** July 2016 Mystic Seaport ** July 2016 Martha's Vineyard ** July 2016 Mt Desert, Maine ** August 2016 Nova Scotia and the Bay of Fundy ** September 2016 (Great Lakes journey) Great Lakes and Ontario, Canada. ** September 2016 Glens Falls, NY. ** October 2016 Virginia (Dry docked for maintenance, and on display) ** December 2016 Miami ** December 2016 towards the Panama Canal ** January 2017 'reached Panama this week' * Pacific Return January 2017 – June 2017 ** January 2017 Back in the Pacific after two-day transit through the Panama Canal ** February 2017 Galapagos ** March 2017 Rapa Nui ** April 2017 Tahiti ** June 2017 Hawai‘i: Homecoming ** Homecoming, Magic Island, Oʻahu June 17, 2017.

Images

File:Hokuyakan.jpg, Galley File:Kapunakeiki.jpg, Motto, ''Kapu nā Keiki'', engraved on a crossbeam of ''Hōkūle'a'' File:Aitutakihokukeeeadad.jpg, Steering sweep grip of portside File:Compartmenthokuleadazeee.jpg, Inside a compartment File:Musenkikamowakarannee.jpg, Radio system File:Hokulea2.jpg, ''Hōkūle‘a'' arrives in

Bay, 2007; Yokohama Bay Bridge in background File:kamahele.jpg, ''Kama Hele'' at

Port of Yokohama The is operated by the Port and Harbor Bureau of the City of Yokohama in Japan. It opens onto Tokyo Bay. The port is located at a latitude of 35.27–00°N and a longitude of 139.38–46°E. To the south lies the Port of Yokosuka; to the north ...

, on the day ''Hōkūle‘a'' finished the 2007 Micronesia-Japan voyage File:Hokulea at Kailua.jpg, ''Hōkūle‘a'' at Kailua Beach, 1 May 2005 File:Hokule'aSailing2009.jpg, ''Hokule'a'' 2009

Notes

:a. :* Shown at first mention of the crew person's name, denotes this person has died.Polynesian Voyaging Society crewmembers at hokulea.com
Accessed 2017-06-21 * ''For voyages across the

International Date Line The International Date Line (IDL) is an internationally accepted demarcation on the surface of Earth, running between the South and North Poles and serving as the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific ...

, dates shown below are standardized on Hawai‘i time.''

Footnotes

References

* * * (Archived by WebCite at ) *

External links

Brief introduction to navigating by the stars

''Hōkūle‘a – Star of Gladness''
on YouTube.com, performed by the Hawaiian artist

Israel Kamakawiwoole Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

Honolulu Advertiser ''Hōkūle‘a'' Voyage Special

Polynesian Voyaging Society
website
Hawaiian Voyaging Traditions
on Kapi‘olani Community College website

section on the building, launching of ''Hōkūle‘a''

website for ''Wayfinders: A Pacific Odyssey'', a film about the ancient Polynesian sea voyaging tradition

personal website on ''Hōkūle‘a'', by Charles Kauluwehi Maxwell Sr.
Hōkūle‘a Worldwide Voyage
{{Culture of Oceania Polynesian navigation Experimental archaeology Hawaii culture Replica ships Individual sailing vessels Sailing ships Training ships of the United States Symbols of Hawaii Polynesian navigators 1975 ships 1975 establishments in Hawaii Voyaging canoes Tall ships

Construction

Pius "Mau" Piailug

Voyages

Inaugural voyage (1976)

''Kealaikahiki'' project (1977)

Legs

=Crew

Tahiti voyage (1978)

Ala Wai Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaii, ''bound for'' Papeete, Tahiti, : 16 March 1978 to 18 March 1978 (recovery followed by USCG investigation)

Tahiti voyage (1980)

Papeete, Tahiti, – Honolulu, Hawaii, : 13 May 1980 to 6 June 1980

Voyage of Rediscovery (1985–1987)

Hawaii Island, – Papeete, Society Islands, : 10 July 1985 to 11 August 1985

Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 10 August 1986 to 11 August 1986

Tautira – Papeete, Tahiti Nui – Tautira: 27 March 1987 to 29 March 1987

''No Nā Mamo'' ('For the Children') (1992)

Honaunau, Hawaii Island, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, : 17 June 1992 to 15 July 1992

Papeete – Raiatea: 10 September 1992 to 16 September 1992

Raiatea, Society Islands, – Mauke, – Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 20 September 1992 to 16 October 1992

Rarotonga, – Papeete, Tahiti, Society Islands, – Honaunau, Hawaii Island, : 26 October 1992 to 1 December 1992

''Nā ʻOhana Holo Moana'' ('The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean') (1995)

Spring voyage segment

Taiohae Bay, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas, – Hilo, Hawaii Island, : 20 April 1995 to 7 May 1995

Summer voyage segment

Portland, Oregon – San Francisco, California: 21 June 1995 to 29 June 1995

San Francisco – Santa Barbara: 3 July 1995 to 9 July 1995

Santa Barbara – Long Beach: 11 July 1995 to 12 July 1995

Long Beach – San Diego: 20 July 1995

San Diego – San Pedro: 26 July 1995 to 28 July 1995; from San Pedro, ''Hōkūlea'' returned to Hawaii by ship, courtesy of Alexander & Baldwin Foundation and Matson.

Closing the Triangle (1999–2000)

, Island, – ''Nuku Hiva'', Marquesas Islands, : 15 June 1999 to 13 July 1999

Navigating Change (2003–2004)

Kauai – Nihoa Nihoa (; haw, Nīhoa ), also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The island is located at the southern end of the NWHI chain, southeast of ...: 9 September 2003 to ?

Harbor, , Hawaii – , Kauai: 2 May 2004 to 3 May 2004

Bay, Kauai – ''Nihoa'' Island – Tern Island, French Frigate Shoals – ''Laysan'' Island – ''Lisianski'' Island – Pearl and Hermes Atoll – Green Island, ''Kure'' Atoll – Midway Atoll: 23 May 2004 to 9 June 2004

Midway Atoll – : 11 June 2004 to 22 June 2004

– , , : 23 June 2004 to 24 June 2004

One Ocean, One People (2007)

''Kū Holo Mau''

, Republic of the – , : 21 February 2007 to 28 February 2007

''Pohnpei'' – ''Chuuk'': 6 March 2007 to 9 March 2007

''Chuuk'' – ''Satawal'', Yap State: 11 March 2007 to 21 March 2007

''Ulithi'' – Yap Island: 21 March 2007 to 23 March 2007

– Colonia, Yap Island, : 5 April 2007 to 7 April 2007

''Kū Holo Lā Komohana''

Yap, – Okinawa, 11 April 2007 to 23 April 2007

''Okinawa'' – ''Ōshima'' 28 April 2007 to 19 May 2007

''Ōshima'' – ''Uwajima'' 26 May 2007 to 27 May 2007

''Uwajima'' – ''Yokohama'' 3 June 2007 to 9 June 2007

''Malama Honua'' (worldwide voyage) (2014–2017)

Legs

Images

See also

Notes

Footnotes

References

External links

Kauai –
Nihoa Nihoa (; haw, Nīhoa ), also known as Bird Island or Moku Manu, is the tallest of ten islands and atolls in the uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands (NWHI). The island is located at the southern end of the NWHI chain, southeast of ...
: 9 September 2003 to ?