, image = Map of Darién Gap-en.svg , alt = , caption = The Gulf of Darién, north of the isthmus of Darién in the Caribbean Sea , image_bathymetry = , alt_bathymetry = , caption_bathymetry = , location =

Caribbean Sea The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; pap, Laman Karibe) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico ...

, group = , coordinates = , type =

Gulf A gulf is a large inlet from the ocean into the landmass, typically with a narrower opening than a bay, but that is not observable in all geographic areas so named. The term gulf was traditionally used for large highly-indented navigable bodies ...

, etymology = , part_of = , inflow = , rivers = , outflow = , oceans = , catchment = , basin_countries = Colombia , agency = , designation = , date-built = , engineer = , date-flooded = , length = , width = , area = , depth = , max-depth = , volume = , residence_time = , salinity = , shore = , elevation = , temperature_high = , temperature_low = , frozen = , islands = , islands_category = , sections = , trenches = , benches = , cities = , pushpin_map = Colombia , pushpin_label_position = , pushpin_map_alt = , pushpin_map_caption = Gulf of Darién in relation to Colombia , website = , reference = The Gulf of Darién (, , ) is the southernmost region of the

, located north and east of the border between

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...

and Colombia. Within the gulf is the

Gulf of Urabá The Gulf of Urabá is a gulf on the northern coast of Colombia. It is part of the Caribbean Sea. It is a long, wide inlet located on the coast of Colombia, close to the connection of the continent to the Isthmus of Panama. The town of Turbo, Co ...

, a small lip of sea extending southward, between Caribana Point and Cape Tiburón, Colombia, on the southern shores of which is the port city of

Turbo, Colombia Turbo is a port city in Antioquia Department, Colombia. It is located on the coast of Gulf of Urabá, 340 km north of Medellín (the department capital and second largest city). This port city is the capital of the Urabá region of Antioqui ...

. The

Atrato River The Atrato River () is a river of northwestern Colombia. It rises in the slopes of the Western Cordillera and flows almost due north to the Gulf of Urabá (or Gulf of Darién), where it forms a large, swampy delta. Its course crosses the ...

delta extends into the Gulf of Darién.

The Darien Scheme

The Gulf of Darién was the site of the

Darien scheme The Darien scheme was an unsuccessful attempt, backed largely by investors of the Kingdom of Scotland, to gain wealth and influence by establishing ''New Caledonia'', a colony on the Isthmus of Panama, in the late 1690s. The plan was for the co ...

, autonomous

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a Anglo-Scottish border, border with England to the southeast ...

's one major attempt at colonialism. The first expedition of five ships (''Saint Andrew'', ''Caledonia'', ''Unicorn'', ''Dolphin'', and ''Endeavour'') set sail from

Leith Leith (; gd, Lìte) is a port area in the north of the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, founded at the mouth of the Water of Leith. In 2021, it was ranked by ''Time Out'' as one of the top five neighbourhoods to live in the world. The earliest ...

on July 14, 1698, with around 1,200 people on board. Their orders were "to proceed to the Bay of Darien, and make the Isle called the Golden Island ... some few leagues to the leeward of the mouth of the great River of Darien ... and there make a settlement on the mainland". After calling at Madeira and the

West Indies The West Indies is a subregion of North America, surrounded by the North Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea that includes 13 independent island countries and 18 dependencies and other territories in three major archipelagos: the Greate ...

, the fleet made landfall off the coast of Darien on November 2. The settlers christened their new home "New Caledonia".

External links

* * *

References

;Additional sources * Alí, Maurizio. 2010: �
En estado de sitio: los kuna en Urabá. Vida cotidiana de una comunidad indígena en una zona de conflicto
��. Universidad de Los Andes, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Departamento de Antropología. Bogotá: Uniandes. . * Gallup-Diaz, Ignacio. 199
The Door of the Seas and Key to the Universe: Indian Politics and Imperial Rivalry in the Darién, 1640-1750
New York: Columbia University Press on the Gutenberg-e project: www.gutenberg-e.org. * Méndez, Horacio. (1996)
La historia de mis abuelos: Textos del pueblo Tule, Panamá - Colombia.
Colombia: Asociación de Cabildos Indígenas de Antioquia. * Watt, Douglass (2006)
The price of Scotland: Darien, union and the wealth of the nations
Edinburgh: Luath Press. * Storrs, Christopher (1999)
"Disaster at Darien (1698–1700)? The Persistence of Spanish Imperial Power on the Eve of the Demise of the Spanish Habsburgs"
European History Quarterly 29 (1): 5–38. Darien Darien Darien Colombian coasts of the Caribbean Sea Panamanian coasts of the Caribbean Sea Former Scottish colonies {{Colombia-geo-stub

The Darien Scheme

See also

External links

References