Grunewald Forest (locator map in Berlin)

Grunewald () is a German

forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...

located in the western side of

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitu ...

on the east side of the

Havel The Havel () is a river in northeastern Germany, flowing through the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. It is a right tributary of the Elbe and long. However, the direct distance from its source to its mo ...

, mainly in the Grunewald locality. At it is the largest green area in the city of Berlin.

Geography

The forest occupies, on the western side, 3/4 of the Grunewald locality, a small portion of the southern part of

Westend Westend may refer to: * Westend (Trevilians, Virginia), an historic house in Virginia listed on the NRHP * Westend (Berlin), a locality of Berlin in Germany * Westend (Frankfurt am Main), a borough of Frankfurt am Main in Germany * Westend, Espoo, ...

(both in the

Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf () is the fourth borough of Berlin, formed in an administrative reform with effect from 1 January 2001, by merging the former boroughs of Charlottenburg and Wilmersdorf. Overview Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf covers the ...

borough); a great part of Nikolassee, the northern side of Zehlendorf and the northwestern part of Dahlem (all 3 in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough). It is close to the border of the neighborhood of

Wannsee Wannsee () is a locality in the southwestern Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger '' Großer Wannsee'' (Greater Wannsee, "See" means lake) and ...

and its

lake A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much large ...

, and is near the Düppel forest. It is divided by the Havel river from the localities of

Kladow Kladow () is the southernmost district of the Borough of Spandau in Berlin, Germany. Geography Located approximately 17 Km from central Berlin (Charlottenburg), the district of Kladow is bordered by the District of Gatow to the north, by the Have ...

, Gatow and Wilhelmstadt (all in the

Spandau Spandau () is the westernmost of the 12 boroughs () of Berlin, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and extending along the western bank of the Havel. It is the smallest borough by population, but the fourth largest by land ...

borough). It also borders the locality of

Schmargendorf Schmargendorf () is a south-western locality (''Ortsteil'') of Berlin in the district (''Bezirk'') of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. Until 2001 it was part of the former district of Wilmersdorf. Geography Schmargendorf borders with the localities ...

. There are twenty three islets located by the Havel ( Lindwerder and Schwanenwerder) and a small peninsula ( Schildhorn); and the tallest point is the hill of

Teufelsberg Teufelsberg (; German for ''Devil's Mountain'') is a non-natural hill in Berlin, Germany, in the Grunewald locality of former West Berlin. It rises about above the surrounding Teltow plateau and above the sea level, in the north of Berlin' ...

, which is above sea level. On the northern border is found the ''

Funkturm Berlin The Berliner Funkturm or Funkturm Berlin (Berlin Radio Tower) is a former broadcasting tower in Berlin. Constructed between 1924 and 1926 to designs by the architect Heinrich Straumer, it was inaugurated on 3 September 1926, on the occasion of ...

'' (radio tower) and the ''

Messe Berlin Messe Berlin (') are exhibition grounds in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf precinct of Berlin, Germany, at Masurenallee opposite the Haus des Rundfunks. Since 2011, they have officially been known as "Berlin ExpoCenter City" and operated by the M ...

'' (the trade show). Beyond the river

and part of the

Großer Wannsee The Großer Wannsee (, "Greater Wannsee", "See" means lake) is a bight of the Havel river near the locality of Wannsee and Nikolassee (in the borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf), a south-western suburb of the German capital Berlin not far from Pots ...

lake, the forest is rich in

s and

pond A pond is an area filled with water, either natural or artificial, that is smaller than a lake. Defining them to be less than in area, less than deep, and with less than 30% emergent vegetation helps in distinguishing their ecology from tha ...

s. The biggest are the

Schlachtensee Schlachtensee () is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf () is the sixth borough of Berlin, formed in Berlin's 2001 administrative reform by merging the former boroughs of Steglitz and Zehlend ...

Krumme Lanke is a lake in the south west of Berlin, in the Steglitz-Zehlendorf borough of the city and on the edge of the Grunewald forest. After Nikolassee and the neighbouring Schlachtensee, it is the southernmost of the Grunewald chain of lakes. Over ...

, the

Grunewaldsee The Grunewaldsee () is a lake located in western Bezirk Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf in Berlin within the Grunewald forest. It has a surface of c. 175,000 m2. The Jagdschloss Grunewald hunting lodge is located on the south bank of the lake. ...

and the Hundekehlesee (). These lakes are located on the western borders of the forest and are linked by a canal. The other lakes are the Riemeisterfenn (between Krumme Lanke and Grunewaldsee), the TeufelseeMeaning "Devil's lake" (in central-north area), and Pechsee and Barssee (both in the middle of the forest).

Environment

The Grunewald forest is mainly composed of

conifers Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All ext ...

and

betulaceae Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams numbering a total of 167 species. They are mostly natives of the ...

. Some areas are nature reserves ('' Naturschutzgebiet''), forbidden from visitors to protect the animals (especially

amphibian Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arbo ...

s and

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweig ...

s).

Transport

The area is served by the ''

S-Bahn The S-Bahn is the name of hybrid urban-suburban rail systems serving a metropolitan region in German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit systems, while smaller ones often resemble c ...

'' line S7 at Berlin Grunewald railway station, located at the main entrance of the

. It is also traversed by the

AVUS The Automobil-Verkehrs- und Übungsstraße ('Automobile traffic and training road'), known as AVUS, is a public road in Berlin, Germany. Opened in 1921, it was also used as a motor racing circuit until 1998. Today, the AVUS forms the northern p ...

road, now part of the BAB 115 motorway. The border of the Grunewald can also be reached by several other ''S-Bahn'' stations : Berlin Nikolassee ( S1 + S7), Berlin Schlachtensee (S1), Berlin Heerstraße ( S3 + S75), Berlin Pichelsberg (S3 + S75). The southeastern borders are linked by two ''

U-Bahn Rapid transit in Germany consists of four U-Bahn systems and fourteen S-Bahn systems. The U-Bahn commonly understood to stand for Untergrundbahn (''underground railway'') are conventional rapid transit systems that run mostly underground, while ...

'' stations:

and Onkel Toms Hütte (both on U3 line).

Photogallery

2006-07-24 Grunewald Neuer Schildhornweg.jpg, A forest view at Schildhornweg Grunewald1.JPG, Grunewald in winter Funkturm Berlin View 13.jpg,

Grunewaldsee1.JPG, Grunewaldsee lake Grunewald Tower perspective Sep12.jpg,

Grunewaldturm The Grunewald Tower or is a historical tower in the Grunewald forest of southwestern Berlin, Germany, built in 1897-99 according to plans designed by Franz Heinrich Schwechten. The viewing platform offers a view over the Havel at a height ...

Grunewaldsee2 Schloss1.JPG, Hunting Lodge NSA-Station Teufelsberg (2009).jpg, Radar at Teufelsberg 2000-03-26 Bahnhof Grunewald.jpg, Railway station Grunewald Tower Havel view Sep12.jpg, View of Grunewald and Havel from Grunewaldturm Grunewald hill view 10-13.jpg, View from Drachenberg (Kite Hill)

References

External links

Official site of the Forest of Grunewald
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grunewald (Forest) Parks in Berlin Tourist attractions in Berlin Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Steglitz-Zehlendorf Forests and woodlands of Germany