Prince Grigory Sergeyevich Golitsyn (russian: Григорий Серге́евич Голицын; 20 December 1838 – 28 March 1907) was a Russian general and statesman from the princely

Golitsyn family The House of Golitsyn or Galitzine was one of the largest princely of the noble houses in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire. Among them were boyars, warlords, diplomats, generals (the Mikhailovichs), stewards, chamberlains, the richest ...

Biography

Born on 20 December 1838 (1 January 1839) on the estate Staraya Ves in the Hungrovsky district of the Sedletsk province (another date of birth is also indicated - 20 October 1838 and the place of birth - the village of Garbów, Lublin district, Lublin province) ... His parents: father - Prince Sergei Grigorievich (1803-1868), retired captain of the Guards artillery, writer; mother - Maria Ivanovna, nee Countess Ezerskaya (1819-1881). Brothers and sisters: Julia (1840-1914,

maid of honor Bridesmaids are members of the bride's party in a Western traditional wedding ceremony. A bridesmaid is typically a young woman and often a close friend or relative. She attends to the bride on the day of a wedding or marriage ceremony. Tradit ...

), Maria (1841-1896, married to the chamberlain of the Austrian court, Count Friedrich Rummerskirch), Catherine (1844-1864), Lev (1845-1915, chief winemaker of the Main Directorate of estates), Fedor (1850-1920, chamberlain, leader of the nobility of the Khvalynsky district of the Saratov province). Educated in the

Page Corps The Page Corps (russian: Пажеский корпус; french: Corps des Pages) was a military academy in Imperial Russia, which prepared sons of the nobility and of senior officers for military service. Similarly, the Imperial School of Jurispr ...

, from where he was released on 16 June 1856 as a

cornet The cornet (, ) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B, though there is also a so ...

in the Life Guards Hussar Regiment. On 12 May 1858, he was assigned to the headquarters of the Guards Corps to prepare for admission to the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff and on August 25 was admitted; On 12 April 1859, he was promoted to

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often ...

and on 17 October 1860, to staff captain. After graduating from the course at the Academy on 18 December 1860, he was appointed to be at the main headquarters of the Caucasian army; On 19 January 1861, he was promoted to captain for advances in

science Science is a systematic endeavor that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe. Science may be as old as the human species, and some of the earliest archeological evidence ...

. In the campaign of 1861, as part of the Adagum detachment of Major General Pavel Babych, he took part in a number of expeditions against the mountaineers. In March–May he was in the Abinsky gorge and was engaged in correcting the roads between the camp of the detachment and the fortifications of Nikolayevsky, Crimean and Olginsky, all these activities were accompanied by numerous skirmishes with the mountaineers. At the end of May, he was on the move to Gelendzhik Bay, and distinguished himself in capturing enemy positions on the Kesegur ridge. For distinction in the campaign, he was awarded on 16 January 1861, the

Order of Saint Anna The Imperial Order of Saint Anna (russian: Орден Святой Анны; also "Order of Saint Anne" or "Order of Saint Ann") was a Holstein ducal and then Russian imperial order of chivalry. It was established by Karl Friedrich, Duke of Hol ...

, 3rd degree with swords and a bow. On 22 January 1862, Golitsyn was promoted to

lieutenant colonel Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colon ...

and, after serving in the spring and summer in staff positions in

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million pe ...

, on 16 September, he was transferred to the Life Grenadier Erivan Regiment, where he took the post of commander of the combined rifle battalion. In the campaign of 1863-1864, which ended the Caucasian War, Golitsyn took part, as part of the same Adagum detachment, in a campaign against the mountaineers of

Abkhazia Abkhazia, ka, აფხაზეთი, tr, , xmf, აბჟუა, abzhua, or ( or ), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, recognised by most countries as part of Georgia, which ...

, and from 26 December 1863 to 17 January 1864, he temporarily commanded a regiment. 26 May 1864 dismissed for six months on vacation; On 2 October of the same year he was promoted to

colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge ...

. On 10 December 1865, Golitsyn was appointed commander of the 14th Georgian Grenadier Regiment, which he commanded for six years. For bringing the regiment into exemplary condition on 13 August 1868, he was awarded the Order of St. Anna 2nd degree with swords. On 21 September 1871, he was appointed aide-de-camp to His Imperial Majesty, leaving his post, and the next year, on April 16, he was appointed commander of the Finnish Life Guards Regiment. On 30 August 1873, he was promoted to

major general Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of ...

and appointed to the Retinue of His Imperial Majesty. On 26 August 1876 he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree. On 30 August 1876, Golitsyn was appointed military governor and commander of the troops of the

Ural Ural may refer to: *Ural (region), in Russia and Kazakhstan *Ural Mountains, in Russia and Kazakhstan *Ural (river), in Russia and Kazakhstan * Ual (tool), a mortar tool used by the Bodo people of India *Ural Federal District, in Russia *Ural econ ...

region and the chief chieftain of the Ural Cossack army. In September 1880, he temporarily performed the affairs of the Orenburg Governor-General and Commander of the Orenburg Military District; On 26 February 1883 he was promoted to

lieutenant general Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on th ...

. Golitsyn fought in the

Caucasian War The Caucasian War (russian: Кавказская война; ''Kavkazskaya vojna'') or Caucasus War was a 19th century military conflict between the Russian Empire and various peoples of the North Caucasus who resisted subjugation during the ...

, studied at the General Staff Academy, and commanded several regiments. In 1876, was appointed Governor of

Ural Oblast The Ural Oblast (russian: Уральская область) was an oblast of the RSFSR within the USSR. It was created November 3, 1923 by the merger of Perm, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk and Tyumen Governorates. The capital of the oblast was ...

; he later served in a variety of positions in other regions. He was dismissed from his post as military governor and orderly chieftain and was appointed to be present in the 1st department of the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

from 5 January 1885.'' Мурзанов Н. А.'
Правительствующий сенат. Список сенаторов.
— : Сенат. тип., 1911. — С. 15. On 16 January 1892, he was sent to the

Tobolsk Tobolsk (russian: Тобо́льск) is a town in Tyumen Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers. Founded in 1590, Tobolsk is the second-oldest Russian settlement east of the Ural Mountains in Asian Russia, ...

province to arrange a food unit; in February, for the same purpose, he visited the Shadrinsky, Kamyshlovsky and

Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg ( ; rus, Екатеринбург, p=jɪkətʲɪrʲɪnˈburk), alternatively romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( rus, Свердло́вск, , svʲɪrˈdlofsk, 1924–1991), is a city and the administra ...

districts of the

Perm province Perm Governorate (russian: link=no, Пермская губерния) was an administrative unit of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union from 1781 to 1923. It was also known as the ''government of Perm''. It was located on both slopes of t ...

and the Troitsky district of the Orenburg province. On 1 January 1893, he was appointed a member of the State Council. On 14 May 1896, he was promoted to general from infantry, and after the death of SA Sheremetev in December of the same year, he was appointed chief of the Caucasian administration, commander of the Caucasian military district and ataman of the Caucasian Cossack troops; On 2 March 1897, he was appointed

adjutant general An adjutant general is a military chief administrative officer. France In Revolutionary France, the was a senior staff officer, effectively an assistant to a general officer. It was a special position for lieutenant-colonels and colonels in staf ...

, leaving his posts. Golitsyn had a sharply negative attitude towards the Armenian national movement. The journalist A. V. Amfiteatrov has preserved one of the Golitsyn witticisms for history: "I will bring to the point that the only Armenian in

will be a stuffed Armenian in the Tiflis Museum!" The unprincipled, but not mediocre publicist Vasily Velichko, editor of the official newspaper Kavkaz, became the main ideologist of the Golitsyn course. G.S. Golitsyn was one of the initiators of the adoption of the law on the confiscation of the property of the

Armenian Apostolic Church , native_name_lang = hy , icon = Armenian Apostolic Church logo.svg , icon_width = 100px , icon_alt = , image = Էջմիածնի_Մայր_Տաճար.jpg , imagewidth = 250px , a ...

and on the closure of Armenian schools on 12 June 1903. According to the law, all immovable property (including the territory of the Echmiadzin Monastery) and capital belonging to the Armenian Church and spiritual institutions were transferred to the jurisdiction of the state. From the proceeds from the confiscated property and funds, a share was allocated to their previous owners - Armenian spiritual institutions. Between 1897 and 1904 Golitsyn was the Governor of

Transcaucasia The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Arme ...

; known as the initiator of the confiscation of the properties of the

Armenian Church Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...

. He was wounded in an assassination attempt near

Tiflis Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Kura River with a population of approximately 1.5 million pe ...

in October 1903. On 14 October of the same year, General Golitsyn was seriously wounded on the Kojorskoe highway near Tiflis as a result of a terrorist act committed by members of the Armenian Social Democratic Party "Hnchak". On 11 August 1904, Golitsyn was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st degree for his work in managing the Caucasus. Golitsyn remained in the post of chief executive until 1 January 1905, when he was appointed to be with the person of His Imperial Majesty. After the reform of the State Council (1906), Golitsyn remained its member, was a member of the right-wing group. He died on 28 March (10 April), 1907 in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

, was buried at the Nikolskoye cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. He was married to the daughter of Lieutenant General Count FV Orlov-Denisov, Maria; they had no children.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Golitsyn, Grigory Imperial Russian Army generals Members of the State Council (Russian Empire) Grigory Sergeyevich Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia) 1838 births 1907 deaths Russian military personnel of the Caucasian War Atamans 1900s in Georgia (country) Burials at Nikolskoe Cemetery Russian princes