Goczałkowice-Zdrój (german: Bad Gottschalkowitz) is a
village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred ...
in
Pszczyna County
__NOTOC__
Pszczyna County ( pl, powiat pszczyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government re ...
,
Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It is the seat of the
gmina
The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' , from German ''Gemeinde'' meaning ''commune'') is the principal unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,477 gminas throughout the country, encompassing over 4 ...
(administrative district) called
Gmina Goczałkowice-Zdrój
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Gmina Goczałkowice-Zdrój is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Goczałkowice-Zdrój, which lies approximately south-east of Pszczyna and ...
.
It lies approximately south of
Pszczyna and south of the regional capital
Katowice
Katowice ( , , ; szl, Katowicy; german: Kattowitz, yi, קאַטעוויץ, Kattevitz) is the capital city of the Silesian Voivodeship in southern Poland and the central city of the Upper Silesian metropolitan area. It is the 11th most popu ...
. The gmina covers an area of , and as of 2006 the population of the village and gmina is 6,263.
Goczałkowice-Zdrój is situated on the
Goczałkowice Reservoir and 1 km away from the
Vistula
The Vistula (; pl, Wisła, ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest river in Europe, at in length. The drainage basin, reaching into three other nations, covers , of which is in Poland.
The Vistula rises at Barania Góra in ...
river. Goczałkowice-Zdrój is a spa, with about 10,000 bathers each year.
History
In the
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the late 5th to the late 15th centuries, similar to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire ...
, the area was part of the territory of the
Vistulans tribe, one of the
Polish tribes
"Polish tribes" is a term used sometimes to describe the tribes of West Slavic Lechites that lived from around the mid-6th century in the territories that became Polish with the creation of the Polish state by the Piast dynasty. The territory o ...
. It became part of the emerging
Polish state in the 10th century. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, it was part of the
Seniorate Province
Seniorate Province, also known as the Senioral Province, , was a district principality in the Duchy of Poland that was formed in 1138, following the fragmentation of the state. Its ruler held the title of the High Duke, ruling all duchies wit ...
from 1138, and the
Duchy of Racibórz from 1178.
The village was probably founded in the 13th century, and was first mentioned in 1326.
[ According to legend, the name of the village is derived from local Polish knight Goczał, whose descendants took the surname Goczałkowicz, and their seat was called Goczałkowice.][
In 1327, it passed under Bohemian (Czech) suzerainty. In 1407, the village became part of the newly formed ]Duchy of Pszczyna
The Duchy of Pless (or the ''Duchy of Pszczyna'',Julian Janczakof Pszczyna" (in) Zarys dziejów kartografii śląskiej do końca XVIII wieku''(An outline for the History of Cartography till the End of the 18th century)'', Opole: 1976, Polish Acad ...
under Duchess Helena Korybutówna, niece of Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło
Jogaila (; 1 June 1434), later Władysław II Jagiełło ()He is known under a number of names: lt, Jogaila Algirdaitis; pl, Władysław II Jagiełło; be, Jahajła (Ягайла). See also: Names and titles of Władysław II Jagiełło. ...
.[ During the political upheaval caused by ]Matthias Corvinus
Matthias Corvinus, also called Matthias I ( hu, Hunyadi Mátyás, ro, Matia/Matei Corvin, hr, Matija/Matijaš Korvin, sk, Matej Korvín, cz, Matyáš Korvín; ), was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1458 to 1490. After conducting several m ...
the duchy was overtaken in 1480 by Casimir II, Duke of Cieszyn
Casimir II of Cieszyn ( pl, Kazimierz, cs, Kazimír; – 13 December 1528) was a Duke of Cieszyn since 1477, ruler over Koźle during 1479–1509, since 1493 ruler over Wołów, over Pszczyna during 1498–1517, from 1506 over Opava, Duke of Gł ...
from the Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 930–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of king Casimir III the Great.
Branch ...
, who sold it in 1517 to the Hungarian magnate
The magnate term, from the late Latin ''magnas'', a great man, itself from Latin ''magnus'', "great", means a man from the higher nobility, a man who belongs to the high office-holders, or a man in a high social position, by birth, wealth or ot ...
s of the Thurzó family, forming the Pless state country
State country (german: Freie Standesherrschaft; cs, stavovské panství; pl, państwo stanowe) was a unit of administrative and territorial division in the Bohemian crown lands of Silesia and Upper Lusatia, existing from 15th to 18th centuries. ...
. In the accompanying sales document issued on 21 February 1517 the village was mentioned as ''Koczialkowicze''. The Kingdom of Bohemia in 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy
The Habsburg monarchy (german: Habsburgermonarchie, ), also known as the Danubian monarchy (german: Donaumonarchie, ), or Habsburg Empire (german: Habsburgerreich, ), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities ...
. In the War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession () was a European conflict that took place between 1740 and 1748. Fought primarily in Central Europe, the Austrian Netherlands, Italy, the Atlantic and Mediterranean, related conflicts included King George ...
most of Silesia was conquered by the Kingdom of Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. ...
, including the village, and in 1871 it became part of the German Empire
The German Empire (),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people. The term literally denotes an empire – particularly a hereditary ...
. The spa was opened in the village in 1862. After World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
, Poland regained independence, Polish insurgents captured the village during the Silesian Uprisings, and then it was officially reintegrated with the reborn Polish state. In 1932, the name of the village was changed to the current ''Goczałkowice-Zdrój'', by adding the word "Zdrój", which is typical for spa towns and villages in Poland.[
During the ]German occupation
German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 ...
(World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...
), the occupiers converted the spa into a military hospital.[
In 1975, the settlement was included within the town limits of Pszczyna as its new district, but was separated again in 1991.
]
Transport
The Polish National road 1 and Railway line 139 run through the village, and there are two railway stations.
Sports
The local football
Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. Unqualified, the word ''football'' normally means the form of football that is the most popular where the word is used. Sports commonly ...
club is LKS Goczałkowice-Zdrój
Ludowy Klub Sportowy Goczałkowice-Zdrój ( en, People's Sports Club Goczałkowice-Zdrój), commonly known as LKS Goczałkowice-Zdrój, is a football club located in Goczałkowice-Zdrój, Poland. They compete in the III liga, the fourth tier of t ...
. It competes in the lower leagues. It was the first club of Goczałkowice-Zdrój native, long-term Poland national football team
The Poland national football team ( pl, Reprezentacja Polski w piłce nożnej) has represented Poland in men's international tournaments football competitions since their first match in 1921. The team is controlled by the Polish Football Assoc ...
player, Łukasz Piszczek.
The village is home to the only Borussia Dortmund
Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e. V. Dortmund, commonly known as Borussia Dortmund (), BVB (), or simply Dortmund (), is a German professional sports club based in Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia. It is best known for its men's professional fo ...
youth academy outside of Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
, founded by and named after its player Łukasz Piszczek.
Gallery
Budynek administracji uzdrowiska Goczałkowice-Zdrój.JPG, Old spa administration building
Pawilon Górnik w Goczałkowicach-Zdroju.JPG, Culture center and public library
Kaplica św. Anny w Goczałkowicach-Zdroju3.JPG, Saint Anne chapel
GOCZAŁKOWICE ZDRÓJ, AB. 061.JPG, Kapias garden
References
External links
Goczałkowice-Zdrój official site
Villages in Pszczyna County
Spa towns in Poland
{{Pszczyna-geo-stub