George Hume Steuart, (1700–1784) was a Scottish physician, tobacco planter, and

Loyalist Loyalism, in the United Kingdom, its overseas territories and its former colonies, refers to the allegiance to the British crown or the United Kingdom. In North America, the most common usage of the term refers to loyalty to the British Cro ...

politician in

colonial Maryland The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland ...

. Born in

Perthshire Perthshire (locally: ; gd, Siorrachd Pheairt), officially the County of Perth, is a historic county and registration county in central Scotland. Geographically it extends from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the north, ...

, Steuart emigrated to Maryland in around 1721, where he benefited from proprietarial patronage and was appointed to a number of colonial offices, eventually becoming a wealthy landowner with estates in both Maryland and Scotland, and serving two terms as mayor of

Annapolis Annapolis ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...

. However, he was forced by the outbreak of the

American Revolution The American Revolution was an ideological and political revolution that occurred in British America between 1765 and 1791. The Americans in the Thirteen Colonies formed independent states that defeated the British in the American Revolut ...

to decide whether to remain loyal to

the Crown The Crown is the state in all its aspects within the jurisprudence of the Commonwealth realms and their subdivisions (such as the Crown Dependencies, overseas territories, provinces, or states). Legally ill-defined, the term has different ...

or to throw in his lot with the American rebels. In 1775 Steuart sailed to Scotland, deciding at age 75 that "he could not turn rebel in his old age". He remained there until his death in 1784.

Early life

Steuart was born in

Argaty Argaty is a farm estate located just over a mile northeast of Doune, Stirling, Scotland. The present Argaty House dates from the 19th century with baronial additions in the 1860s and 1920s, but was largely destroyed by fire in April 2011. Argaty ...

, Perthshire (now Stirling), in around 1695–1700,Papenfeuse, p.773 the second son of George Steuart and Mary Hume. His family were members of the Balquhidder Stewart clan, descendants of

Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany ( gd, Muireadhach Stiubhart) (136224 May 1425) was a leading Scottish nobleman, the son of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, and the grandson of King Robert II of Scotland, who founded the Stewart dynasty. In 1389, he ...

, executed by King

James I of Scotland James I (late July 139421 February 1437) was King of Scots from 1406 until his assassination in 1437. The youngest of three sons, he was born in Dunfermline Abbey to King Robert III and Annabella Drummond. His older brother David, Duke of Ro ...

in 1425. It is likely that Steuart spoke both

Gaelic Gaelic is an adjective that means "pertaining to the Gaels". As a noun it refers to the group of languages spoken by the Gaels, or to any one of the languages individually. Gaelic languages are spoken in Ireland, Scotland, the Isle of Man, and Ca ...

and English. According to the

Old Statistical Account The ''Statistical Accounts of Scotland'' are a series of documentary publications, related in subject matter though published at different times, covering life in Scotland in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries. The ''Old (or First) Statistical Ac ...

of 1799,

Scottish Gaelic Scottish Gaelic ( gd, Gàidhlig ), also known as Scots Gaelic and Gaelic, is a Goidelic language (in the Celtic branch of the Indo-European language family) native to the Gaels of Scotland. As a Goidelic language, Scottish Gaelic, as well as ...

was the language of the "common people" of

Balquhidder Balquhidder (; gd, Both Chuidir or ) is a small village in Perthshire located north-west of Callander. It is administered by the Stirling council area of Scotland and is overlooked by the dramatic mountain terrain of the 'Braes of Balquhidde ...

and the surrounding area, although English would have been spoken in the "low country", around Stirling. This would in fact have been the

Scots language Scots ( endonym: ''Scots''; gd, Albais, ) is an Anglic language variety in the West Germanic language family, spoken in Scotland and parts of Ulster in the north of Ireland (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots). Most commonly ...

of the Stirlingshire area, rather than

Standard English In an English-speaking country, Standard English (SE) is the variety of English that has undergone substantial regularisation and is associated with formal schooling, language assessment, and official print publications, such as public service a ...

. Steuart's elder brother David stood to inherit the family estates, and Steuart studied medicine, receiving his MD at the

University of Edinburgh The University of Edinburgh ( sco, University o Edinburgh, gd, Oilthigh Dhùn Èideann; abbreviated as ''Edin.'' in post-nominals) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Granted a royal charter by King James VI in 15 ...

. In 1721 he emigrated to

, in the colony of Maryland, where he settled and established a medical practice.Papenfeuse, p.773 In the early 18th century Maryland was a sparsely settled, largely rural society. In 1715 the population of Annapolis was just 405, though by 1730 this number had increased to 776.

Planter and horse breeder

In 1747 Steuart purchased the estate of

Dodon Dodon may refer to * Dodon (farm), a farm and former tobacco plantation in Maryland, U.S. * Dodon, Kyrgyzstan, a village in Kyrgyzstan * L'Isle-en-Dodon, a commune in France * Lac Dodon, an iron meteorite discovered in Canada * Igor Dodon (born ...

in South River, Anne Arundel County, Maryland, on the

Chesapeake Bay The Chesapeake Bay ( ) is the largest estuary in the United States. The Bay is located in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region and is primarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean by the Delmarva Peninsula (including the parts: the ...

, from Stephen Warman. At Dodon, Steuart farmed tobacco and participated in match races. His most successful horse was

Dungannon Dungannon () is a town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It is the second-largest town in the county (after Omagh) and had a population of 14,340 at the 2011 Census. The Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council had its headquarters in the ...

, which he had brought from England to compete against the stable of his rival, Charles Carroll of Annapolis (1703–1783), whose son Charles Carroll of Carrollton would later sign the Declaration of Independence in 1776. Dungannon won the

Annapolis Subscription Plate Annapolis ( ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of Maryland and the county seat of, and only incorporated city in, Anne Arundel County. Situated on the Chesapeake Bay at the mouth of the Severn River, south of Baltimore and about east o ...

, the first recorded formal horse race in Maryland, in May 1743.Nelker, p.118 The race took place in

Parole Parole (also known as provisional release or supervised release) is a form of early release of a prison inmate where the prisoner agrees to abide by certain behavioral conditions, including checking-in with their designated parole officers, or ...

and the original silver cup is now displayed in the Baltimore Museum of Art. Horse racing formed an important part of the social and political life of the colony, with numerous gentlemen of means forming large studs.

George Washington George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...

attended early meetings of the

Maryland Jockey Club The Maryland Jockey Club is a sporting organization dedicated to horse racing, founded in Annapolis in 1743. The Jockey Club was founded more than 30 years before the start of the Revolutionary War and is chartered as the oldest sporting organizat ...

, and Steuart entertained the future president at his home in Annapolis.Papenfeuse, p.774 According to the writer Abbe Robin, who traveled through Maryland during the Revolutionary War, men of Steuart's class and status enjoyed considerable wealth and prosperity: :" aryland housesare large and spacious habitations, widely separated, composed of a number of buildings and surrounded by

plantations A plantation is an agricultural estate, generally centered on a plantation house, meant for farming that specializes in cash crops, usually mainly planted with a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. The ...

extending farther than the eye can reach, cultivated...by unhappy black men whom European avarice brings hither...Their furniture is of the most costly wood, and rarest marbles, enriched by skilful and artistic work. Their elegant and light carriages are drawn by finely bred horses, and driven by richly apparelled slaves."Yentsch, Anne E, p.265, ''A Chesapeake Family and their Slaves: a Study in Historical Archaeology'', Cambridge University Press (1994)
Retrieved Jan 2010

Politics

Politically, Steuart was a

, his interests being closely aligned with those of the Calvert family, proprietors of the colony of

Maryland Maryland ( ) is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It shares borders with Virginia, West Virginia, and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean to ...

. In 1742 Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore (1699–1751) sent his eldest but illegitimate son, Benedict Swingate Calvert, then aged around 10 or 20 years old, to Maryland and placed him in Steuart's care. The boy was provided with a tutor, the Italian Onorio Razzolini, and lived at Steuart's "old-fashioned house" on Francis St in Annapolis. Steuart evidently benefited from the Calvert family's patronage as he went on to hold a number of important Colonial offices. In 1753 he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of The Horse Militia under Governor

Horatio Sharpe Horatio Sharpe (1718 – November 9, 1790) was the 22nd proprietary governor of Maryland from 1753 to 1768 under the restored proprietary government of Maryland. Early life Horatio Sharpe was born in Hull, Yorkshire, England in 1718 to ...

, and he was Deputy Secretary of Maryland from 1755 to 1756. He served two one year terms as

Mayor of Annapolis The Mayor of Annapolis is the chief political figure in the city of Annapolis, which is the capital city of Maryland. The mayor is elected to a four-year term. List of Mayors of Annapolis *1708–1720 Amos Garrett *1720–1721 Thomas Lar ...

, from 1759 to 1761 and from 1763 to 1764. He was a judge of the Land Office (1755–1775), an office created in around 1715 to resolve disputes over title to land in the colony. Steuart was also member of the " Council of Twelve", and a judge of the Court of Admiralty.Nelker, p.118 In recognition of his services, Lord Baltimore appears to have given Steuart the nickname "Honest Steuart", a sobriquet later thrown back at him by his political enemies. Maryland politics could evidently be rancorous. Court records show that Steuart and his successor as Annapolis mayor,

Michael MacNamara Michael MacNamara (? – November 4, 1767) was an Irish-American lawyer and politician in Colonial Maryland, who had three terms as mayor of Annapolis. He was a Loyalist, his interests aligned with those of the ruling Calvert family, the Baron ...

, were both required "to post a bond to keep the peace...especially with each other". Steuart returned to Scotland in 1758 to inherit the estate of

, near Doune, Perthshire, through his mother Mary Hume (also spelled "Home"), and other estates through his father. By 1761 Steuart was back in Maryland; a series of letters dated March 1761 shows him, as Commissioner of the Loan Office, attempting to collect taxes due to the Proprietary Government from Sheriffs who were behind in their payments.

Revolutionary War

The coming of war

In the 1760s relations between Britain and her colonies began to deteriorate. Steuart was and would remain a Loyalist; like many Scots he was likely influenced by the terrible consequences of the failed Jacobite uprisings against the Crown in his home country. Many Scots had fled to the colonies following the crushing of the

Jacobite rising of 1745 The Jacobite rising of 1745, also known as the Forty-five Rebellion or simply the '45 ( gd, Bliadhna Theàrlaich, , ), was an attempt by Charles Edward Stuart to regain the Monarchy of Great Britain, British throne for his father, James Franci ...

, and had little appetite for further rebellion. However, like other Marylanders, Steuart opposed the taxes imposed by London and in 1764 he traveled to England where he made representations to the government at

Westminster Westminster is an area of Central London, part of the wider City of Westminster. The area, which extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street, has many visitor attractions and historic landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, Bu ...

. Steuart's grandson,

Richard Sprigg Steuart Richard Sprigg Steuart (1797–1876) was a Maryland physician and an early pioneer of the treatment of mental illness. In 1838 he inherited four contiguous farms, totalling approximately 1900 acres as well as 150 slaves.MSA C153-10, Liber TTS #1, ...

(1797–1876), recalled in his memoirs: :"When he went over o Englandin 1764, to take my father ames Steuartto school, he was commissioned by a number of Marylanders to call upon Lord North, England's new

Chancellor of the Exchequer The chancellor of the Exchequer, often abbreviated to chancellor, is a senior minister of the Crown within the Government of the United Kingdom, and head of His Majesty's Treasury. As one of the four Great Offices of State, the Chancellor is ...

, hostile to America, on his way through London, and make representations on the subject of taxation. He was politely received and the minister put a great many questions to him, and seemed to acquiesce in all he said. ..At all events my Grandfather had the pleasure soon after to hear of the repeal of this obnoxious tax".Nelker, 131, memoirs of Richard Sprigg Steuart Steuart's loyalist politics were opposed by, among others, Samuel Chase, co-founder of the Anne Arundel County chapter of the Sons of Liberty, a leading opponent of the

1765 Stamp Act The Stamp Act 1765, also known as the Duties in American Colonies Act 1765 (5 Geo. III c. 12), was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of U ...

, and later one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. In an open letter dated 18 July 1766 Chase attacked John Brice, Steuart,

Walter Dulany Walter Dulany (died 1773) was a politician in Colonial Maryland, who was mayor of Annapolis from 1766 to 1767. His family house and land at Windmill Point later became the location for the United States Naval Academy. Early life Dulany was th ...

and others for publishing an article in the Maryland Gazette Extraordinary of 19 June 1766, in which Chase had been accused of being: "a busy, reckless incendiary, a ringleader of mobs, a foul-mouthed and inflaming son of discord and faction, a common disturber of the public tranquility". In his response, Chase accused Steuart and the others of "vanity...pride and arrogance": :"...the people rejecting you teuart as unfit for their confidence and trust, which you had repeatedly betrayed, and elected me in your room. I am not ashamed to own that I exerted myself in opposition to you. It was my opinion that a man without merit, integrity or abilities, was totally disqualified to be the representative of a free people. You had ''nothing'' to recommend you but proprietary influence, court favour, and the wealth and influence of the tools and favourites who infest this city." Such protests were essentially a complaint against a civic government which was still dominated by men loyal to the Calvert interest. However, such highly personalised attacks did little to reduce the political temperature.

War with Great Britain

War broke out in 1775, and the fact of owning estates in both Scotland and Maryland caused Steuart considerable political difficulties. As Richard Sprigg Steuart recalled: :"He was an ardent admirer of the American Colonies, and believed the principles for which the colonists contended were just, and truly English. But though he sympathised with his American friends, he said he could not turn rebel in his old age, being 75 years old when the Revolution broke out...he would have forfeited is Scottish estatesif he had joined the Revolutionists. He therefore went over to Scotland and saved his property there. He gave all his estates in

to his wife nn telling her by letter...how to leave the property in America, which was finally done."Nelker, p.123, memoirs of Richard Sprigg Steuart Ann therefore remained in America despite her own

sympathies. She would never again see her husband, and she continued to live at

until her death in 1814. According to Richard Sprigg Steuart: :"My Grandmother's family, the Digges, were at heart all Torys but kept quiet...they were called non-jurors and paid double taxes. fter the Warshe lived comfortably, but she kept at home because her good husband was called by the mob a

Tory A Tory () is a person who holds a political philosophy known as Toryism, based on a British version of traditionalism and conservatism, which upholds the supremacy of social order as it has evolved in the English culture throughout history. Th ...

, which he was not....he never while in Scotland heard of a battle that he did not express his regret and call it a fratricidal war."

Aftermath

Steuart never returned to Maryland, and he died in 1784 in Scotland, one year after the Revolutionary War ended. He was buried in

Kilmadock Kilmadock parish (Scottish Gaelic ''Cille Mo Dog''), named for Saint Cadoc, containing the settlements of Doune, Deanston, Buchany, Argaty, Hill of Row, Drumvaich, and Delvorich, is situated in Stirling council area, Scotland, and is on the so ...

, Perthshire. No portrait of him survives.Nelker, p.118 When he left Maryland, his estates in Anne Arundel County comprised around of land.Papenfeuse, p.774 In 1780, these were transferred to his sons

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*k ...

and

William William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...

, for a nominal sum.Papenfeuse, p.774 The

estate in Scotland was inherited by Steuart's eldest son, also named George Hume Steuart, who remained loyal to the British Crown. The estate, which was eventually sold in 1914, now forms part of a red kite conservation area.

Family life

In 1744 Steuart married Ann Digges (1721-1814), of

Warburton Manor Warburton Manor was the colonial home, patented in 1661, of the Digges Family, descendants of Edward Digges, who was Governor of Virginia from 1652 to 1668. Digges was an intimate friend of George and Martha Washington, who visited the house many ...

. She was the daughter of the planter

Charles Digges Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was " ...

Browning, Charles Henry, p.76, ''Americans of Royal Descent, Genealogies Showing the Lineal Descent from Kings of Some American Families'' Clearfield; 7 edition (June 1, 2009) Retrieved 17 July 2018 (though Nelker states that Ann's father was one George Digges), who was the son of William Digges, a member of the Maryland Proprietary Council. Her mother was Susanna Maria (Lowe) Digges. George and Ann Steuart had ten children, of whom six survived to adulthood: * George H Steuart (1747–1788), physician. Emigrated to

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the ...

in 1758. Changed his name to

George Steuart Hume George Steuart Hume, also known as ''George Home'', (1747 – 1787/1788) was a Maryland physician and landowner who emigrated to Scotland before the American Revolutionary War. Born George Hume Steuart in Maryland, he left for Scotland in 1758, w ...

to inherit the estate of

, Perthshire,Nelker, p.24 which thereafter passed to his infant daughter Sophia. * Susanna Steuart (1749–1774), married on 19 June 1769 Judge James Tilghman of the Supreme Court of Maryland(1743–1809). * Dr Charles Mark Steuart (1750–1798), physician. On 15 June 1780 Charles Steuart married Elizabeth Calvert, the daughter of Benedict Swingate Calvert. During the Revolution he was a Loyalist, being – like his Mother Ann – "decidedly of the

faction". This did not, apparently, stop him being present with General

at the

Siege of Yorktown The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the surrender at Yorktown, or the German battle (from the presence of Germans in all three armies), beginning on September 28, 1781, and ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virgi ...

in 1781, or serving in The

Flying Camp A Flying Camp was a military formation employed by the Continental Army in the second half of 1776, during the American Revolutionary War. History After the British evacuation of Boston in March 1776, General George Washington met with members o ...

, a division of the Patriot Militia established by Washington in June 1776. After his older brother George's death, Charles Steuart unsuccessfully sued his niece, Sophia, for the inheritance of

. * David Steuart (1751–1814) * William Steuart (1754–1839), wealthy planter who inherited Dodon * Dr James Steuart (1755–1846), a physician who served during The Revolutionary War and owned a plantation at Sparrow's Point, Maryland. James Steuart was "a hot rebel...though afterwards a strong Federalist." His son Major General George H Steuart fought in the War of 1812. His grandson Brigadier General George H. Steuart (Known as "Maryland Steuart" to distinguish him from his fellow General

J.E.B. Stuart James Ewell Brown "Jeb" Stuart (February 6, 1833May 12, 1864) was a United States Army officer from Virginia who became a Confederate States Army general during the American Civil War. He was known to his friends as "Jeb,” from the initials of ...

) was a

Confederate Confederacy or confederate may refer to: States or communities * Confederate state or confederation, a union of sovereign groups or communities * Confederate States of America, a confederation of secessionist American states that existed between ...

general in The

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

, who fought at a number of battles including Gettysburg,

Cross Keys Cross Keys or Crosskeys may refer to: Places United Kingdom * Crosskeys, Wales ** Crosskeys railway station ** Crosskeys College, a campus of Coleg Gwent * Crosskeys Bridge, a swing bridge in Lincolnshire, England * The Cross Keys (disambiguatio ...

and

Winchester Winchester is a City status in the United Kingdom, cathedral city in Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government Districts of England, district, at the western end of the South Downs Nation ...

Religion

Steuart was an

Episcopalian Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that has developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe. It is one of the l ...

, though his wife Ann was a Roman Catholic.Papenfeuse, p.774 According to

: :"Though he and his excellent wife were of different churches, they never disagreed on the subject of religion; they found enough to believe in common to make them good Christians. And such was his confidence in her that he requested her to bring up his sons

Episcopalians Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that has developed from the practices, liturgy, and identity of the Church of England following the English Reformation, in the context of the Protestant Reformation in Europe. It is one of th ...

, as he knew the disadvantages politically of joining any other."

Legacy

A stone obelisk at

marks the burial place of Ann Digges and a number of other family members. The farm estate, somewhat reduced in size, still remains home to Steuart's descendants today. The unusual spelling of "Steuart" was widespread in the 18th century ("Steuart", "Stewart" and "Stuart" being essentially interchangeable), but has since mainly fallen into disuse. However, Steuart's numerous North American descendants have retained the archaic spelling. A silver replica of the original

was commissioned in 1955 by the

. The "Dungannon Bowl" is a perpetual trophy presented to the winner of annual

Dixie Stakes The Dinner Party Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in mid-May at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the eighth-oldest graded stakes race in the United States and the oldest stakes race in Maryland and all o ...

, the oldest stakes race run in Maryland and the Mid-Atlantic states.126th Preakness Stakes Souvenir Magazine, 19 May 2001, article titled, "It All Began Here, In Annapolis..." page 95-96

Notes

References

Browning, Charles Henry, p.76, ''Americans of Royal Descent, Genealogies Showing the Lineal Descent from Kings of Some American Families'' Clearfield; 7 edition (June 1, 2009)
Retrieved 17 July 2018
Callcott, Margaret Law, p.390, ''Mistress of Riversdale: The Plantation Letters of Rosalie Stier Calvert''
Retrieved 17 August 2010
Hanson, George A., ''Old Kent: The Eastern Shore of Maryland''
Retrieved June 2012 * McWilliams, Jane W., ''Annapolis, City on the Severn: A History'', (2011) * Nelker, Gladys P., ''The Clan Steuart'', Genealogical Publishing (1970). * Papenfeuse, Edward C. (editor), ''A Biographical Dictionary of the Maryland Legislature, 1635–1789'', Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. * Richardson. Hester Dorey, ''Side-Lights on Maryland History: With Sketches of Early Maryland Families'', Williams and Wilkins (1913). ASIN: B000VAWR4Q * Steuart, Richard Sprigg, ''Dr. George Steuart of Annapolis and Doden, Anne Arundel County and his descendants'', S.N. 1955, ASIN: B0007GTCFG * 126th Preakness Stakes Souvenir Magazine, 19 May 2001, article titled, "It All Began Here, In Annapolis..." page 95-96
Yentsch, Anne E, p.55, ''A Chesapeake Family and their Slaves: a Study in Historical Archaeology'', Cambridge University Press (1994)
Retrieved Jan 28 2010

External links

Official Dodon website and history of the estate
Retrieved 11 January 2010
Article on Annapolis Subscription Plate at www.hometownannapolis.com
Retrieved 11 January 2010
History of Maryland Jockey Club
Retrieved 11 January 2010
Geo. H. Steuart in ''American Swedish 1973'', Edited by Leif Sjoberg, at p.69
Retrieved 11 January 2010
''Biography of the Signers To the Declaration of Independence'', Volume 5, by John Sanderson, published by R W Pomery (1823).
Retrieved 14 January 2010
''Reports of cases argued in the Court of Appeal of Maryland'', Volume 1, by Thomas Harris (1821)
Retrieved 14 January 2010.
Scottish National Archives, ''Papers of the Home Family of Argaty''
Retrieved March 2012 {{DEFAULTSORT:Steuart, Dr George Hume 1700 births 1784 deaths Kingdom of Scotland emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies Alumni of the University of Edinburgh American Loyalists from Maryland American planters British North American Anglicans Colonial politicians from Maryland George Hume People of colonial Maryland Maryland militiamen in the American Revolution Mayors of Annapolis, Maryland People from Anne Arundel County, Maryland People from Stirling (council area) Scottish Episcopalians Scottish expatriates in the United States Scottish landowners Scottish colonial officials

George George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Presiden ...

18th-century Scottish medical doctors American slave owners