The Generation of '36 ( es, Generación del 36) is the name given to a group of Spanish artists, poets and playwrights who were working about the time of the

Spanish Civil War The Spanish Civil War ( es, Guerra Civil Española)) or The Revolution ( es, La Revolución, link=no) among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War ( es, Cuarta Guerra Carlista, link=no) among Carlists, and The Rebellion ( es, La Rebelión, link ...

(1936 - 1939). The Generation of '36 was a

literary movement Literary movements are a way to divide literature into categories of similar philosophical, topical, or aesthetic features, as opposed to divisions by genre or period. Like other categorizations, literary movements provide language for comparing ...

that suffered harsh criticism and persecution that followed from the division of neighbours into winners and losers in the various battles of that struggle, as well as from the physical hardships and moral miseries arising from social instability and political chaos. Ricardo Gullón listed some of the authors associated with this movement since he was closely associated as a contributor and a literary critic of the genre. The Generation of '36 had membership criteria that were not rigid, but the label provides a convenient portfolio of the cultural and literary style of the contemporary period, covering individual works, literary collections, magazines, journals newspapers and other publications that document the experiences of creative people working during the difficult and frightening civil war.

Poets

The poets of ''Generación del 36'' include: * Miguel Hernández *

Luis Rosales Luis Rosales Camacho (31 May 1910 – 24 October 1992) was a Spanish poet and essay writer member of the Generation of '36. He was born in Granada (Spain). He became a member of the Hispanic Society of America and the Royal Spanish Academ ...

Leopoldo Panero Leopoldo Panero was Spanish poet, born in Astorga in 1909 and deceased in 1962. He was the father of the poets Leopoldo María Panero and Juan Luis Panero and the brother of the early-died poet Juan Panero. Biography Panero spent his childh ...

and

Juan Panero Juan Panero (April 2, 1908 in Astorga, Spain – August 7, 1937) was a Spanish poet born in Astorga. The brother of Leopoldo Panero, his works are characterized by the use of classical forms and romantic themes. They are both classified as part o ...

* Luis Felipe Vivanco * Ildefonso-Manuel Gil * Germán Bleiberg * José Antonio Muñoz Rojas *

José María Luelmo José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced differently in each language: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacul ...

* Pedro Pérez Clotet * Ángela Figuera Aymerich * Rafael Duyos * Celso Amieva * Gabriel Celaya * Arturo Serrano Plaja * José Herrera Petere * Juan Gil-Albert

Writers

The writers of

prose Prose is a form of written or spoken language that follows the natural flow of speech, uses a language's ordinary grammatical structures, or follows the conventions of formal academic writing. It differs from most traditional poetry, where the ...

included in ''Generación del 36'': * Enrique Azcoaga * José Antonio Maravall * Antonio Sánchez Barbudo * Ramón Faraldo * Eusebio García Luengo *

María Zambrano María Zambrano Alarcón (22 April 1904 – 6 February 1991) was a Spanish essayist and philosopher associated with the Generation of '36 movement. Her extensive work between the civic engagement and the poetic reflection started to be r ...

* Antonio Rodríguez Moñino * José Ferrater Mora * Ricardo Gullón

Raconteurs

Famous ''Generación del 36'' raconteurs: *

Camilo José Cela Camilo José Cela y Trulock, 1st Marquess of Iria Flavia (; 11 May 1916 – 17 January 2002) was a Spanish novelist, poet, story writer and essayist associated with the Generation of '36 movement. He was awarded the 1989 Nobel Prize in Litera ...

Gonzalo Torrente Ballester Gonzalo Torrente Ballester (13 June 1910 – 27 January 1999) was a Spanish writer associated with the Generation of '36 movement. Life He was born in Serantes, Ferrol, Galicia, and received his first education there, subsequently attend ...

Miguel Delibes Miguel Delibes Setién MML (; 17 October 1920 – 12 March 2010) was a Spanish novelist, journalist and newspaper editor associated with the Generation of '36 movement. From 1975 until his death, he was a member of the Royal Spanish Academy, w ...

Dramatists and playwrights

Performance works of the epoch included

Antonio Buero Vallejo Antonio Buero Vallejo (September 29, 1916 – April 29, 2000) was a Spanish playwright associated with the Generation of '36 movement and considered the most important Spanish dramatist of the Spanish Civil War. Biography During his career ...

Important contributors

Others who started working at the end or after the Civil War include the Garcilasismo group and: *

Dionisio Ridruejo Dionisio Ridruejo Jiménez (12 October 1912 – 29 June 1975) was a Spanish poet and political figure associated with the Generation of '36 movement and a member of the Falange political party. He was co-author of the words to the Falangist anthe ...

* José Luis Cano * Ramón de Garciasol * Pedro Laín Entralgo * Juan López Morillas * José Luis Aranguren *

Julián Marías Julián Marías Aguilera (17 June 1914 – 15 December 2005) was a Spanish philosopher associated with the Generation of '36 movement. He was a pupil of the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset and member of the Madrid School.A. Pablo I ...

* Juan Rof Carballo * Segundo Serrano Poncela *

Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño (1913–1976) was a Spanish art historian, author, teacher, and art critic. He was a member of the Generation of '36 (Spanish: ''Generación del 36''). Biography Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño was born on 29 January 1913 in ...

José Suárez Carreño José Suárez Carreño (1915–2002) was a Spanish writer associated with the Generation of '36 movement. He was born in Guadalupe, Mexico, but lived in Madrid from an early age. Awards He was awarded the Adonais Prize in 1945 for his book ''E ...

* Jorge Campos (writer) * Ernesto Guerra da Cal * José Manuel Blecua

References