Pierre Paul Henri Gaston Doumergue (; 1 August 1863 in

Aigues-Vives, Gard Aigues-Vives (; oc, Aigas Vivas) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France. Population Education The Groupe scolaire Jean Macé has ''maternelle'' (preschool/nursery) and ''primaire'' (primary) levels. It opened in 1913. The '' ...

18 June 1937 in Aigues-Vives) was a French politician of the Third Republic. He served as

President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (french: Président de la République française), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency i ...

from 13 June 1924 to 13 June 1931.

Biography

Doumergue came from a

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

family and was a Freemason. Beginning as a Radical, he turned more towards the political right in his old age. He served as

prime minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...

from 9 December 1913 to 2 June 1914. He held the portfolio for the colonies through the ministries of René Viviani and Aristide Briand from 26 August 1914 to 19 March 1917. In February 1917 he was sent on a mission to

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...

and negotiated with Tsar Nicholas II a secret

agreement Agreement may refer to: Agreements between people and organizations * Gentlemen's agreement, not enforceable by law * Trade agreement, between countries * Consensus, a decision-making process * Contract, enforceable in a court of law ** Meeting ...

which defined the demands that France and Russia would make in future peace negotiations with Germany and

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

. He was elected as the 13th French President on 13 June 1924, the only

to hold that office. He served until 13 June 1931 and again was Prime Minister in a conservative national unity government, after the riots of 6 February 1934. That government lasted from 6 February to 8 November 1934. He was widely regarded as one of the most popular French presidents, particularly after the controversial

Alexandre Millerand Alexandre Millerand (; – ) was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 20 January to 23 September 1920 and President of France from 23 September 1920 to 11 June 1924. His participation in Waldeck-Rousseau's cabinet at the ...

, who had been his predecessor. Doumergue was single when he was elected and became the first President of France to marry in office. Doumergue died at Aigues-Vives on 18 June, 1937 at the age of 73.

Doumergue's First Ministry, 9 December 1913 – 9 June 1914

* Gaston Doumergue – President of the Council and

Minister of Foreign Affairs A foreign affairs minister or minister of foreign affairs (less commonly minister for foreign affairs) is generally a cabinet minister in charge of a state's foreign policy and relations. The formal title of the top official varies between co ...

Joseph Noulens Joseph Noulens (29 March 1864 – 9 September 1944) was a French politician and diplomat. Noulens became a member of the Chamber of Deputies in 1903 and served as Minister of War from 1913 to 1914 and then as Minister of Finance from 1914 to 19 ...

– Minister of War * René Renoult –

Minister of the Interior An interior minister (sometimes called a minister of internal affairs or minister of home affairs) is a cabinet official position that is responsible for internal affairs, such as public security, civil registration and identification, emergency ...

* Joseph Caillaux –

Minister of Finance A finance minister is an executive or cabinet position in charge of one or more of government finances, economic policy and financial regulation. A finance minister's portfolio has a large variety of names around the world, such as "treasury", ...

Albert Métin Emile Albert Métin (28 January 1871 – 16 August 1918) was a French teacher and professor of history and geography, a prolific author and a politician who was twice Minister of Labor and Social Welfare. Life Early years Albert Métin was born ...

– Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions * Jean-Baptiste Bienvenu-Martin – Minister of Justice * Ernest Monis – Minister of the Marine * René Viviani – Minister of Public Instruction and Fine Arts *

Maurice Raynaud Auguste Gabriel Maurice Raynaud (10 August 1834 – 29 June 1881) was the French doctor who discovered Raynaud syndrome, a vasospastic disorder which contracts blood vessels in extremities and is the "R" in the CREST syndrome acronym, in the lat ...

– Minister of Agriculture * Albert Lebrun – Minister of Colonies *

Fernand David Fernand David (18 October 1869, Annemasse, Haute-Savoie Haute-Savoie (; Arpitan: ''Savouè d'Amont'' or ''Hiôta-Savouè''; en, Upper Savoy) or '; it, Alta Savoia. is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France, b ...

– Minister of Public Works * Louis Malvy – Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs Changes * 17 March 1914 – René Renoult succeeds Caillaux as Finance Minister. Louis Malvy succeeds Renoult as Minister of the Interior. Raoul Péret succeeds Malvy as Minister of Commerce, Industry, Posts, and Telegraphs. * 20 March 1914 –

Armand Gauthier de l'Aude Armand-Elzéar Gauthier de l'Aude (28 September 1850, Fitou – 10 May 1926, Paris) was a French politician. He was also known as Elzéar Gauthier. In 1886, he was elected to the General Council of the Aude, where he represented the canton of Si ...

succeeds Monis as Minister of Marine.

Doumergue's Second Ministry, 9 February – 8 November 1934

* Gaston Doumergue – President of the Council *

Louis Barthou Jean Louis Barthou (; 25 August 1862 – 9 October 1934) was a French politician of the Third Republic who served as Prime Minister of France for eight months in 1913. In social policy, his time as prime minister saw the introduction (in Jul ...

– Minister of Foreign Affairs * Philippe Pétain – Minister of War *

Albert Sarraut Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic. Biography Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. On 14 March 1907 Sarraut, ...

– Minister of the Interior *

Louis Germain-Martin Louis Germain-Martin (7 November 1872, Le Puy-en-Velay, Haute-Loire – 4 October 1948, Paris) was an Independent Radical French politician. He was Minister of Post and Telecommunications in the government of André Tardieu André Pierre Gabriel ...

– Minister of Finance * Adrien Marquet – Minister of Labour * Henri Chéron – Minister of Justice *

François Piétri François Piétri (8 August 1882 – 17 August 1966) was a minister in several governments in the later years of the French Third Republic and was French ambassador to Spain from 1940 to 1944 under the Vichy regime. Born in Bastia, Corsica to Antoi ...

– Minister of Military Marine *

William Bertrand William Bertrand (9 November 1881, Marennes, Charente-Maritime Marennes () is a former commune in the Charente-Maritime department, southwestern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Marennes-Hiers-Brouage.

– Minister of Merchant Marine *

Victor Denain Victor-Léon-Ernest Denain (6 November 1880, in Dax – 31 December 1952, in Nice) was a French general, aviator and politician. He was behind the creation of the Salon-de-Provence Air School and the general development of military aviation. Biog ...

– Minister of Air * Aimé Berthod – Minister of National Education * Georges Rivollet – Minister of Pensions * Henri Queuille – Minister of Agriculture *

Pierre Laval Pierre Jean Marie Laval (; 28 June 1883 – 15 October 1945) was a French politician. During the Third Republic, he served as Prime Minister of France from 27 January 1931 to 20 February 1932 and 7 June 1935 to 24 January 1936. He again occ ...

– Minister of Colonies *

Pierre Étienne Flandin Pierre is a masculine given name. It is a French form of the name Peter. Pierre originally meant "rock" or "stone" in French (derived from the Greek word πέτρος (''petros'') meaning "stone, rock", via Latin "petra"). It is a translation ...

– Minister of Public Works * Louis Marin – Minister of Public Health and Physical Education * André Mallarmé – Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones * Lucien Lamoureux – Minister of Commerce and Industry * Édouard Herriot – Minister of State *

André Tardieu André Pierre Gabriel Amédée Tardieu (; 22 September 1876 – 15 September 1945) was three times Prime Minister of France (3 November 1929 – 17 February 1930; 2 March – 4 December 1930; 20 February – 10 May 1932) and a dominant figure of ...

– Minister of State Changes *13 October 1934 –

succeeds Barthou (assassinated 9 October) as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Paul Marchandeau succeeds Sarraut as Minister of the Interior.

Louis Rollin Louis Marie Joseph Etienne Rollin (27 March 1879 – 3 November 1952) was a French politician who was a minister in several cabinets in the period between the two world wars. Early years (1879–1919) Louis Marie Joseph Etienne Rollin was born ...

succeeds Laval as Minister of Colonies. *15 October 1934 – Henri Lémery succeeds Chéron as Minister of Justice.

References

External links

1927 clip of Gaston Doumergue receiving his honorary degree from Oxford
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Doumergue, Gaston 1863 births 1937 deaths 20th-century presidents of France 20th-century Princes of Andorra People from Gard French Protestants Politicians from Occitania (administrative region) Radical Party (France) politicians Princes of Andorra Prime Ministers of France French Ministers of Commerce and Industry French Ministers of Overseas France Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 8th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 9th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic French Senators of the Third Republic Senators of Gard Presidents of the Senate (France) French Freemasons Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)

Biography

Doumergue's First Ministry, 9 December 1913 – 9 June 1914

Doumergue's Second Ministry, 9 February – 8 November 1934

See also

References

External links