Fritz Dietrich ( Lavarone, August 6, 1898 –

Landsberg am Lech Landsberg am Lech (Landsberg at the Lech (river), Lech) is a Town#Germany, town in southwest Bavaria, Germany, about 65 kilometers west of Munich and 35 kilometers south of Augsburg. It is the capital of the district of Landsberg (district), Lands ...

, October 22, 1948) was a German SS officer and member of the

Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported t ...

. He held a doctoral degree in chemistry and physics. His name is also seen as Emil Dietrich. He was hanged for war crimes.

Career summary

In 1941 Dietrich held the rank of SS- Lieutenant colonel (''

Obersturmbannführer __NOTOC__ ''Obersturmbannführer'' (Senior Assault-unit Leader; ; short: ''Ostubaf'') was a paramilitary rank in the German Nazi Party (NSDAP) which was used by the SA ('' Sturmabteilung'') and the SS (''Schutzstaffel''). The rank of ''Oberstu ...

''). From September 1941 to November 1943 he served as the local SS and police chief in

Liepāja Liepāja (; liv, Līepõ; see other names) is a state city in western Latvia, located on the Baltic Sea. It is the largest-city in the Kurzeme Region and the third-largest city in the country after Riga and Daugavpils. It is an important ice-f ...

(''Libau'' in German), Latvia. Police units under his command carried out a number of massacres of civilians in Liepāja, for the most part of Jewish ethnicity. The largest of the Liepāja massacres took place over three days from December 15 to December 17, 1941. On December 13, the newspaper ''Kurzemes Vārds'' published an order by Dietrich which required all Jews in the city to remain in their residences on Monday, December 15 and December 16, 1941, thus facilitating the killing operations.

War crimes trial

After

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...

, Dietrich was put on trial war crimes, but not for his actions in Latvia. Dietrich was instead tried by an American military court for ordering the executions of seven American POWs who had parachuted from disabled airplanes. He was found guilty and sentenced to death. In 1948, Dietrich was hanged at Landsberg Prison, coincidentally the same prison where

Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

had been incarcerated for his involvement in the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923. The trials of Dietrich and others were known as the "Flyers Cases" and were part of what has since become known as the Dachau Trials for war crimes.

Notes

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Dietrich, Fritz 1898 births 1948 deaths People from Trentino People from the County of Tyrol Executed Austrian Nazis SS-Obersturmbannführer Holocaust perpetrators in Latvia People of Reichskommissariat Ostland Dachau trials executions Executed mass murderers