, image = Friedrich I Anhalt.jpg , caption = Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt , succession =

Duke of Anhalt The Duchy of Anhalt (german: Herzogtum Anhalt) was a historical Germany, German duchy. The duchy was located between the Harz Mountains in the west and the river Elbe and beyond to the Fläming Heath in the east. The territory was once ruled by ...

, reign = 22 May 1871 – 24 January 1904 , coronation = , predecessor = Leopold IV , successor = Frederick II , spouse =

Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Altenburg Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Altenburg (17 April 1838 – 13 October 1908) was a princess of Saxe-Altenburg by birth and Duchess of Anhalt by marriage. Biography Antoinette was the second child of Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg (1804-1852) from ...

, issue =

Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt , spouse =Princess Elisabeth of Hesse-Kassel , issue = Antoinette, Princess Frederick of Schaumburg-Lippe , house =House of Ascania , father =Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt , mother ...

Friedrich II, Duke of Anhalt Frederick II (; 19 August 185621 April 1918) was the Duke of Anhalt from 1904 until 1918. Early life He was born in Dessau in 1856, he was the second son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Anhalt-Dessau and his wife Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Al ...

Elisabeth, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

Eduard, Duke of Anhalt Eduard Georg Wilhelm, Duke of Anhalt (german: Herzog Eduard Georg Wilhelm Maximilian von Anhalt; 18 April 1861 – 13 September 1918) was a German prince of the House of Ascania and the penultimate ruler of the Duchy of Anhalt from April to Sep ...

Prince Aribert
Alexandra, Princess of Schwarzburg , house = Ascania , father =

Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt Leopold IV Frederick, Duke of Anhalt (1 October 1794 – 22 May 1871) was a German prince of the House of Ascania. From 1817 until 1853 he was ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau and from 1847 until 1853 also ruler of the duchy of Anhalt-Köthen ...

, mother = Princess Frederica of Prussia , birth_date = , birth_place = Dessau,

Anhalt Saxony-Anhalt (german: Sachsen-Anhalt ; nds, Sassen-Anholt) is a state of Germany, bordering the states of Brandenburg, Saxony, Thuringia and Lower Saxony. It covers an area of and has a population of 2.18 million inhabitants, making it the ...

, death_date = , death_place =

Ballenstedt Ballenstedt is a town in the Harz district, in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Geography It is situated at the northern rim of the Harz mountain range, about 10 km (6 mi) southeast of Quedlinburg. The municipal area comprises the vi ...

, place of burial = Frederick I (german: Herzog Friedrich I von Anhalt) (29 April 1831 – 24 January 1904) was a German prince of the

house of Ascania The House of Ascania (german: Askanier) was a dynasty of German rulers. It is also known as the House of Anhalt, which refers to its longest-held possession, Anhalt. The Ascanians are named after Ascania (or Ascaria) Castle, known as ''Schlo ...

who ruled the

Duchy of Anhalt The Duchy of Anhalt (german: Herzogtum Anhalt) was a historical German duchy. The duchy was located between the Harz Mountains in the west and the river Elbe and beyond to the Fläming Heath in the east. The territory was once ruled by the House ...

from 1871 to 1904.

Early life

Frederick was born in Dessau in 1831 as the third child and only son of Duke Leopold IV of Anhalt-Dessau and his wife Princess Frederica of Prussia, the daughter of

Prince Louis Charles of Prussia , house =Hohenzollern , father =Frederick William II of Prussia , mother =Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt , birth_date = , birth_place =Berlin, Prussia , death_date = , death_place ...

. He studied in

Bonn The federal city of Bonn ( lat, Bonna) is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ru ...

and

Geneva , neighboring_municipalities= Carouge, Chêne-Bougeries, Cologny, Lancy, Grand-Saconnex, Pregny-Chambésy, Vernier, Veyrier , website = https://www.geneve.ch/ Geneva ( ; french: Genève ) frp, Genèva ; german: link=no, Genf ; it, Ginevr ...

, and in 1851 entered the Prussian military at

Potsdam Potsdam () is the capital and, with around 183,000 inhabitants, largest city of the German state of Brandenburg. It is part of the Berlin/Brandenburg Metropolitan Region. Potsdam sits on the River Havel, a tributary of the Elbe, downstream o ...

. In 1863 he became heir to the united

, when his father Leopold IV had inherited all the Anhalt territories following the death of the last Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg. In 1864, he participated in the

Second Schleswig War The Second Schleswig War ( da, Krigen i 1864; german: Deutsch-Dänischer Krieg) also sometimes known as the Dano-Prussian War or Prusso-Danish War was the second military conflict over the Schleswig-Holstein Question of the nineteenth century. ...

in the staff of his brother-in-law, Prince Frederic Charles of Prussia, and in 1870-71 in the Franco-Prussian War as

Lieutenant General Lieutenant general (Lt Gen, LTG and similar) is a three-star military rank (NATO code OF-8) used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages, where the title of lieutenant general was held by the second-in-command on the ...

. He was present at the proclamation of

Wilhelm I William I or Wilhelm I (german: Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 2 January 1861 and German Emperor from 18 January 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the ...

German Emperor The German Emperor (german: Deutscher Kaiser, ) was the official title of the head of state and hereditary ruler of the German Empire. A specifically chosen term, it was introduced with the 1 January 1871 constitution and lasted until the offi ...

in the

Hall of Mirrors The Hall of Mirrors (french: Grande Galerie, Galerie des Glaces, Galerie de Louis XIV) is a grand Baroque style gallery and one of the most emblematic rooms in the royal Palace of Versailles near Paris, France. The grandiose ensemble of the hal ...

at the

Versailles Palace The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 19 ...

on 18 January 1871.

Reign

Frederick succeeded his father as Duke of Anhalt on 22 May 1871. On 23 January 1904 he suffered an

apoplectic Apoplexy () is rupture of an internal organ and the accompanying symptoms. The term formerly referred to what is now called a stroke. Nowadays, health care professionals do not use the term, but instead specify the anatomic location of the bleed ...

stroke and died the next day at

castle. As his eldest son

Leopold Leopold may refer to: People * Leopold (given name) * Leopold (surname) Arts, entertainment, and media Fictional characters * Leopold (''The Simpsons''), Superintendent Chalmers' assistant on ''The Simpsons'' * Leopold Bloom, the protagonist o ...

had predeceased him, he was succeeded as Duke by his second son who became Frederick II.

Family

Marriage and issue

He was married on 22 April 1854 at Altenburg to

. She was a daughter of

Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg (Hildburghausen, 3 July 1804 – Munich, 16 May 1852), was a German prince of the ducal house of Saxe-Hildburghausen (of Saxe-Altenburg from 1826). Family He was the seventh but fourth surviving son of Frederic ...

and his wife

Princess Amalie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , title = Princess Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg , image = , caption = , spouse =Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg(m. 1835) , issue = Princess Therese, Duchess of Dalarna Antoinette, Duchess of Anhalt Prince Ludwig Josep ...

. They had six children:

Honours

;German orders and decorations''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Herzogtum Anhalt'' (1894) "Genealogie des Herzoglichen Hauses" p
1
2 ;Foreign orders and decorations

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Frederick I, Duke Of Anhalt House of Ascania Dukes of Anhalt 1831 births 1904 deaths Generals of Infantry (Prussia) German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian_War Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword Royal reburials