Florence Marryat (9 July 1833 – 27 October 1899) was a British author and actress. The daughter of author Capt.

Frederick Marryat Captain Frederick Marryat (10 July 1792 – 9 August 1848) was a Royal Navy officer, a novelist, and an acquaintance of Charles Dickens. He is noted today as an early pioneer of nautical fiction, particularly for his semi-autobiographical novel ...

, she was particularly known for her sensational novels and her involvement with several celebrated spiritual mediums of the late 19th century. Her works include ''Love’s Conflict'' (1865), ''Her Father's Name'' (1876), ''There is No Death'' (1891) and ''The Spirit World'' (1894), ''The Dead Man's Message'' (1894) and ''

The Blood of the Vampire ''The Blood of the Vampire'' is a Gothic novel by Florence Marryat, published in 1897. The protagonist, Harriet Brandt, is a mixed-race psychic vampire who kills unintentionally. The novel follows Harriet after she leaves a Jamaican convent fo ...

'' (1897). She was a prolific author, writing around 70 books, as well as newspaper and magazine articles, short stories and works for the stage. From 1876 to 1890, she had a performing career, at first writing and performing a comic touring piano sketch entertainment, together with

George Grossmith George Grossmith (9 December 1847 – 1 March 1912) was an English comedian, writer, composer, actor, and singer. His performing career spanned more than four decades. As a writer and composer, he created 18 comic operas, nearly 100 musical ...

and later performing in dramas, comedies, comic opera with a

D'Oyly Carte Opera Company The D'Oyly Carte Opera Company is a professional British light opera company that, from the 1870s until 1982, staged Gilbert and Sullivan's Savoy operas nearly year-round in the UK and sometimes toured in Europe, North America and elsewhere. The ...

, her own one-woman show, and appearing as a lecturer, dramatic reader and public entertainer. During the 1890s, she ran a school of Journalism and Literary Art.

Early life

Marryat was born in Brighton, Sussex, in 1833, daughter of author and naval Captain

and his wife, Catherine (''née'' Shairp). Her parents separated when Marryat was young; her childhood was divided between her parents' residences, where she was privately educated.Pope, Catherine
"Florence Marryat: Eminent Victorian"
Florencemarryat.org, accessed 19 April 2011 Shortly before her 21st birthday, in 1854, she wed Thomas Ross Church, an officer in the Madras staff corps of the British Army in India; they spent the first seven years of their married life travelling extensively in India before she returned to England in 1860 with her children but without her husband, who apparently visited only occasionally. She had eight children with Church, three of them while in India.Neisius, Jean G. "Florence Marryat." ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.''

Career

Marryat wrote her first novel, ''Love’s Conflict'' (1865), while her young children were suffering from scarlet fever, to distract herself from "sad thoughts". The novel met with modest success and was followed by ''Too Good for Him'' and ''Woman Against Woman'' in the same year. Other early works included ''Woman Against Woman'' (1866), ''The Confessions of Gerald Escourt'' (1867), ''Nelly Brooke'' (1868), ''Veronique'' (1868) and ''The Girls of Feversham'' (1869), mining the British public's taste for sensational fiction: "lurid stories of seduction, murder, insanity, extramarital sex, incest, and the exploits of the demi-monde".Maunder, Andrew

Valancourt Books, accessed 16 June 2018 Marryat continued to write novels for 35 years. In 1872, she wrote a biography of her father, ''Life and Letters of Captain Marryat''. From 1872 to 1876, in addition to writing for newspapers and magazines, she edited the monthly magazine ''London Society''.Stone, David

''The Gilbert and Sullivan Archive'', 27 August 2001, accessed 19 April 2011 By the mid-1870s Marryat was an internationally successful author and was living together with her future husband, Colonel Francis Lean of the Royal Marine Light Infantry. Church eventually sued for divorce in 1878, citing his wife's adultery as the grounds. From 1876 to 1877, she collaborated with

, writing and performing a comic touring entertainment called ''Entre Nous'' ("Between you and me"). This piece consisted of a series of piano sketches, alternating with scenes and costumed recitations, including a two-person "satirical musical sketch", really a short

comic opera Comic opera, sometimes known as light opera, is a sung dramatic work of a light or comic nature, usually with a happy ending and often including spoken dialogue. Forms of comic opera first developed in late 17th-century Italy. By the 1730s, a ne ...

, by Grossmith called '' Cups and Saucers''. Marryat and her husband divorced in 1879; later that year, she wed Colonel Lean, but they divorced only a year later, in 1880. At the age of 48, in 1881, Marryat returned to the stage, playing the role of Hephzibah Horton in a drama she wrote based on her novel ''Her World Against a Lie''. The next year, she joined a

touring company in Gilbert and Sullivan's ''

Patience (or forbearance) is the ability to endure difficult circumstances. Patience may involve perseverance in the face of delay; tolerance of provocation without responding in disrespect/anger; or forbearance when under strain, especially when face ...

'', playing the role of Lady Jane. In 1884 she played Queen Altemire in a revival of

W. S. Gilbert Sir William Schwenck Gilbert (18 November 1836 – 29 May 1911) was an English dramatist, librettist, poet and illustrator best known for his collaboration with composer Arthur Sullivan, which produced fourteen comic operas. The most fam ...

's fairy comedy '' The Palace of Truth'' in London with Herbert Beerbohm Tree. In 1886, Marryat wrote a lighthearted book about her travels in the United States called ''Tom Tiddler's Ground''. She later appeared in her own one-woman show, ''Love Letters'', and appeared as a lecturer, dramatic reader and public entertainer. She continued performing until 1890, when she played Cassandra Doolittle in an operetta called ''The Dear Departed''.

Last years and death

Marryat became active in the

Society of Authors The Society of Authors (SoA) is a United Kingdom trade union for professional writers, illustrators and literary translators, founded in 1884 to protect the rights and further the interests of authors. , it represents over 12,000 members and ass ...

, founded in 1884, and also began to breed bulldogs and terriers. Over the last 14 years of her life, she had a relationship with a younger actor, Herbert McPherson, who inherited half of her estate. During the 1890s, she ran a school of Journalism and Literary Art. She continued writing for the rest of her life, and some of her best known books were her late-career writings on

spiritualism Spiritualism is the metaphysical school of thought opposing physicalism and also is the category of all spiritual beliefs/views (in monism and Mind-body dualism, dualism) from ancient to modern. In the long nineteenth century, Spiritualism (w ...

, and included ''There Is No Death'' (1891), ''The Spirit World'' (1894) and ''A Soul on Fire''. She influenced

wiccan Wicca () is a modern Pagan religion. Scholars of religion categorise it as both a new religious movement and as part of the occultist stream of Western esotericism. It was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and was ...

Gerald Gardner Gerald Brosseau Gardner (13 June 1884 – 12 February 1964), also known by the craft name Scire, was an English Wiccan, as well as an author and an amateur anthropology, anthropologist and archaeology, archaeologist. He was instrumental in bri ...

in his youth. Marryat died in 1899 from

diabetes Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level ( hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

and

pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. The severi ...

and is buried in

Kensal Green Cemetery Kensal Green Cemetery is a cemetery in the Kensal Green area of Queens Park in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. Inspired by Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, it was founded by the barrister George Frederick ...

in London.

Works and reaction

Marryat published 68 novels before her death, as well as various non-fiction works such as ''The Life and Letters of Captain Marryat'' (1872) and ''Gup'' (1868), an account of garrison life in India. She also wrote newspaper and magazine articles, short stories and works for the stage. Her works treated such then-controversial themes as marital cruelty, adultery, alcoholism and spiritualism. ''There is No Death'' and ''The Spirit World'' give accounts of séances she attended. The public found Marryat's work accessible, and reviewers admitted the effectiveness of her "graphic, nervous, vital" style, but critics called her "cynical and 'third-rate', too dependent for her plots on 'the stock in trade of fourth-rate solicitors'". Despite critical hostility, her novels remained popular.

Novels

*''Love’s Conflict'' (1865) *''Too Good for Him'' (1865) *''Woman Against Woman'' (1865) *''For Ever and Ever'' (1866) *''The Confessions of Gerald Estcourt'' (1867) *''Nelly Brooke – A Homely Story'' (1868) *''The Girls of Feversham'' (1869) *''Veronique'' (1869) *''Petronel'' (1870) *''Her Lord and Master'' (1871) *''The Prey of the Gods'' (1871) *''Mad Dumaresq'' (1873) *''No Intentions'' (1874) *''Fighting the Air'' (1875) *''Open! Sesame!'' (1875) *''Her Father’s Name'' (1876) *''My Own Child'' (1876) *''A Harvest of Wild Oats'' (1877) *''A Little Stepson'' (1878) *''Her World Against a Lie'' (1878) *''Written in Fire'' (1878) *''A Broken Blossom'' (1879) *''The Root of All Evil'' (1879) *''Out of His Reckoning'' (1879) *''The Fair-Haired Alda'' (1880) *''My Sister the Actress'' (1881) *''With Cupid’s Eye'' (1881) *''Facing the Footlights'' (1882) *''How They Loved Him'' (1882) *''Phyllida'' (1882) *''Peeress and Player'' (1883) *''The Heart of Jane Warner'' (1884) *''Under the Lillies and Roses'' (1884) *''The Heir Presumptive'' (1885) *''Miss Harrington’s Husband'' (a reissue of ''The Spiders of Society'') (1886) *''The Master Passion'' (1886) *''The Spiders of Society'' (1886) *''A Daughter of the Tropics'' (1887) *''Driven to Bay'' (1887) *''A Crown of Shame'' (1888) *''Gentleman and Courtier'' (1888) *''Mount Eden'' (1889) *''On Circumstantial Evidence'' (1889) *''A Scarlet Sin'' (1890) *''Blindfold'' (1890) *''Brave Heart and True'' (1890) *''A Fatal Silence'' (1891) *''The Risen Dead'' (1891) *''The Lost Diamonds'' (with Charles Ogilvie) (1891) *''How Like a Woman'' (1892) *''The Nobler Sex'' (1892) *''Parson Jones'' (1893) *''A Bankrupt Heart'' (1894) *''The Beautiful Soul'' (1894) *''The Hampstead Mystery'' (1894) *''The Dead Man’s Message – An Occult Romance'' (1894) *''At Heart a Rake'' (1895) *''The Dream that Stayed'' (1896) *''The Strange Transfiguration of Hannah Stubbs'' (1896) *''A Passing Madness'' (1897) *''In the Name of Liberty'' (1897) *''

'' (1897) *''A Soul on Fire'' (UK edition of ''The Dead Man’s Message'') (1898) *''An Angel of Pity'' (1898) *''Why Did She Love Him?'' (1898) *''A Rational Marriage'' (1899) *''Iris the Avenger'' (1899) *''The Folly of Alison'' (1899)

Short story collections

*''Captain Norton’s Diary and other stories'' (1870) *''A Lucky Disappointment and other stories'' (1876) *''A Star and a Heart'' (1876) *''Hidden Chains'' (1876) *''The Poison of Asps'' (1876) *''A Moment of Madness and other stories'' (1883) *''The Ghost of Charlotte Cray and other stories'' (1883) *''Old Contrairy and other stories'' (1884) *''The Luckiest Girl in Yorkshire and other stories'' (1907)

Children’s stories

*''Sybil’s Friend and How She Found Him'' (1873) *''The Little Marine and the Japanese Lily'' (1891)

Collaborations

*''Twenty Novelettes'' (1889) *''The Fate of Fenella (with 23 other authors)'' (1892) *''Seven Xmas Eves, being the Romance of a Social Revolution'' (1894) *''The Summer Holiday'' (1898)

Plays

*''Miss Chester'' (1871)

Memoirs

*''Gup – Sketches of Anglo-Indian Life'' (1868) *''Life and Letters of Captain Marryat'' (1872) *''Tom Tiddler’s Ground'' (1886)

Spiritualism

*''There is No Death'' (1891) *''The Clairvoyance of Bessie Williams'' (1893) *''The Spirit World'' (1894)

References

Sources

* * *Fodor, Nandor. "Florence Marryat," ''An Encyclopaedia of Psychic Science'' (1934).

External links

Florence Marryat – Eminent VictorianFlorence Marryat (1833-1899)Bibliography
* * * * * Florence Marryat Collection. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. {{DEFAULTSORT:Marryat, Florence 1838 births 1899 deaths 19th-century English actresses 19th-century English novelists 19th-century English women writers Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery English spiritualists English stage actresses English women novelists Victorian novelists Victorian women writers Writers of Gothic fiction