Flood forecasting is the use of forecasted
precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail. ...
and
streamflow data in
rainfall-runoff and
streamflow routing
Streamflow, or channel runoff, is the flow of water in streams and other channels, and is a major element of the water cycle. It is one component of the movement of water from the land to waterbodies, the other component being surface runoff. ...
models to forecast flow rates and water levels for periods ranging from a few hours to days ahead, depending on the size of the watershed or
river basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
. Flood forecasting can also make use of forecasts of precipitation in an attempt to extend the lead-time available.
Flood forecasting is an important component of
flood warning
A flood warning is closely linked to the task of flood forecasting. The distinction between the two is that the outcome of flood forecasting is a set of forecast time-profiles of channel flows or river levels at various locations, while "flood wa ...
, where the distinction between the two is that the outcome of flood forecasting is a set of forecast time-profiles of channel flows or river levels at various locations, while "flood warning" is the task of making use of these forecasts to tell decisions on warnings of floods.
Real-time flood forecasting at regional area can be done within seconds by using the technology of artificial neural network. Effective real-time flood forecasting models could be useful for early warning and disaster prevention.
AI can assist us in predicting floods. A case study of the Red River of the north applied Deep Learning algorithms to predict flood-water-level using previous data from Pembina, Drayton, and Grand Forks.
See also
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Runoff model (reservoir)
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Flood alert
Flood alerts are issued by weather agencies to alert residents that flood conditions are a possibility.
Types of flood alerts in the United States
In the United States, a flash flood watch is issued by the National Weather Service (NWS) when w ...
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Flood Modeller Pro
Flood Modeller is a computer program developed by Jacobs that simulates the flow of water through river channels, urban drainage networks and across floodplains using a range of one- and two-dimensional hydraulic solvers. The software incorpor ...
References
External links
Application of self-organising maps and multi-layer perceptron-artificial neural networks for streamflow and water level forecasting in data-poor catchments: the case of the Lower Shire floodplain, MalawiDelft-FEWS, state of the art system for flood forecasting and operational water management (most advanced system available, used on national scale in Europe and the USA) a conceptual rainfall-runoff model using a nonlinear reservoir
hepex.org the Hydrologic Ensemble Prediction EXperiment an informal yet highly active group of researchers in the field of predictive hydrologic uncertainty.
Hydrology
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