Satellite dishes on the embassy of Egypt (3595004065)

Fixed-satellite service (short: FSS | also: fixed-satellite radiocommunication service) is – according to ''article 1.21'' of the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU)

Radio Regulations Radio regulation refers to the regulation and licensing of radio in international law, by individual governments, and by municipalities. International regulation The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the Unit ...

(RR) – defined as ''A

radiocommunication service Radio communication service or radiocommunication service is according to Article 1.19 of the International Telecommunication Union's Radio Regulations (ITU RR),ITU Radio Regulations, Section III – Radio services, Article 1.19, definition: Ra ...

between

earth station A ground station, Earth station, or Earth terminal is a terrestrial radio station designed for extraplanetary telecommunication with spacecraft (constituting part of the ground segment of the spacecraft system), or reception of radio waves fr ...

s at given positions, when one or more

satellite A satellite or artificial satellite is an object intentionally placed into orbit in outer space. Except for passive satellites, most satellites have an electricity generation system for equipment on board, such as solar panels or radioiso ...

s are used; the given position may be a specified fixed point or any fixed point within specified areas; in some cases this service includes satellite-to-satellite links, which may also be operated in the inter-satellite service; the fixed-satellite service may also include

feeder link A feeder link is – according to ''Article 1.115'' of the International Telecommunication Union´s (ITU) ITU Radio Regulations (RR)ITU Radio Regulations, Section IV. Radio Stations and Systems – Article 1.115, definition: ''feeder link'' – ...

s for other space radiocommunication services.''

Classification

This ''radiocommunication service'' is classified in accordance with ''ITU Radio Regulations'' (article 1) as follows:

Fixed service In telecommunications, a fixed service (or fixed radiocommunication service) is a radiocommunication service between specified fixed points. Classification The ITU Radio Regulations (article 1) classify variations of this radiocommunication serv ...

(article 1.20) * Fixed-satellite service (article 1.21) * Inter-satellite service (article 1.22) *

Earth exploration-satellite service An Earth observation satellite or Earth remote sensing satellite is a satellite used or designed for Earth observation (EO) from orbit, including spy satellites and similar ones intended for non-military uses such as environmental monitoring, me ...

(article 1.51) ** Meteorological-satellite service (article 1.52) ;

Frequency allocation

The allocation of radio frequencies is provided according to ''Article 5'' of the ITU Radio Regulations (edition 2012). In order to improve harmonisation in spectrum utilisation, the majority of service-allocations stipulated in this document were incorporated in national Tables of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations which is with-in the responsibility of the appropriate national administration. The allocation might be primary, secondary, exclusive, and shared. *primary allocation: is indicated by writing in capital letters (see example below) *secondary allocation: is indicated by small letters *exclusive or shared utilization: is within the responsibility of administrations ; Example of

frequency allocation Frequency allocation (or spectrum allocation or spectrum management) is the allocation and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum into radio frequency bands, normally done by governments in most countries. Because radio propagation does ...

Use in North America

FSS – is as well the official classification (used chiefly in North America) for

geostationary A geostationary orbit, also referred to as a geosynchronous equatorial orbit''Geostationary orbit'' and ''Geosynchronous (equatorial) orbit'' are used somewhat interchangeably in sources. (GEO), is a circular geosynchronous orbit in altitud ...

communications satellite A communications satellite is an artificial satellite that relays and amplifies radio telecommunication signals via a transponder; it creates a communication channel between a source transmitter and a receiver at different locations on Earth ...

s that provide broadcast feeds to television stations, radio stations and broadcast networks. FSSs also transmit information for

telephony Telephony ( ) is the field of technology involving the development, application, and deployment of telecommunication services for the purpose of electronic transmission of voice, fax, or data, between distant parties. The history of telephony is i ...

telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of information by various types of technologies over wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems. It has its origin in the desire of humans for communication over a distance greater than that ...

s, and

data communications Data transmission and data reception or, more broadly, data communication or digital communications is the transfer and reception of data in the form of a digital bitstream or a digitized analog signal transmitted over a point-to-point or ...

References

{{Radiocommunication services ITU Radiocommunication services ITU Satellite broadcasting