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Wannsee () is a locality in the southwestern Berlin Boroughs of Berlin, borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Germany. It is the westernmost locality of Berlin. In the quarter there are two lakes, the larger ''Großer Wannsee'' (Greater Wannsee, "See" means lake) and the ''Kleiner Wannsee'' (Little Wannsee), located on the River Havel and separated only by the Wannsee Bridge. The larger of the two lakes covers an area of and has a maximum depth of .
The history of Wannsee as an attractive suburb of Berlin began when "Great Elector" Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Frederick William of Brandenburg ordered the construction of a hunting lodge, the Jagdschloss Glienicke. The castle remained the hunting lodge of the House of Hohenzollern, Hohenzollern family for generations, and was rebuilt and expanded several times. Today, the castle houses an institute for social education.
In 1793, the Kingdom of Prussia, Prussian king Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William II, a descendant of Frederick William, acquired the island Pfaueninsel (German: "Peafowl, Peacock Island") in the Havel, Havel river and had the Pfaueninsel castle built for himself and his mistress Wilhelmine, Gräfin von Lichtenau, Wilhelmine Enke in 1794–1797. Jagdschloss Glienicke and Pfaueninsel, Pfaueninsel castle are both part of UNESCO World Heritage Site Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin.
On 21 November 1811, German writer Heinrich von Kleist shot himself on the shore of the ''Kleiner Wannsee'' and, at her bidding, his lover, Henriette Vogel. A memorial marks the site.
Glienicke Palace (German language, German: ''Schloss Glienicke'') was designed in Neoclassical architecture, neoclassical style by Karl Friedrich Schinkel for Prince Carl of Prussia in 1826. It used to be the summer palace of the prince. Together with the Russian style ensemble ''Nikolskoe'' around the church Ss. Peter and Paul, Wannsee, Ss. Peter and Paul (German: St. Peter und Paul) on the top of a hill on the banks of the Havel, Havel river, it also belongs to the UNESCO World Heritage Site Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin.
''Nikolskoe,'' consisting of the church, a cottage, a school and a cemetery, was established from 1813 to 1837 at the suggestion by the Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia), Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, the daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia, King Frederick William III of Prussia. Her brother Prince Carl, constructor of Glienicke Palace, was buried in the church after his death. Today the church is especially popular for weddings and the cottage is housing a restaurant.
The Verein Seglerhaus am Wannsee, the second oldest yacht club in Germany, was established in October 1867 on a small wooden shack by River Havel. In 1877 it moved to its present location at the edge of the lake.
In 1909, Max Liebermann, head of the Berlin Secession, had a villa built at the western shore of the Wannsee. His widow was forced to sell it to the ''Reichspost, Deutsche Reichspost'' in 1940. Today, the property is a museum in honor of the painter. Especially worth seeing is the garden, which was a popular Liebermann motif.
In 1928, a large shooting range was established in the Berlin-Düppel, Düppel woods near the Berlin city limits. It was the site of the Shooting at the 1936 Summer Olympics, shooting events of the 1936 Summer Olympics. A golf course hosted the running section of the Modern pentathlon at the 1936 Summer Olympics, modern pentathlon at the same games. After World War II, it was used by the US Army as the "Rose Range" firing compound. In 1994, the shooting range was returned to Germany by the Allies, and is today used by the Deutsche Versuchs- und Prüfanstalt für Jagd- und Sportwaffen, DEVA institute.
On 20 January 1942, senior Nazi officials met at the Wannsee Villa (built 1914–1915) to ensure the cooperation of the major government organizations in "the organizational, logistical and material steps for a Final Solution, final solution of the Jewish question in Europe" - the extermination of the Jews of Europe. The event, presided over by Reinhard Heydrich and conducted by Adolf Eichmann, has since become known as the Wannsee Conference. Today, the building serves as a memorial and education centre.
Home page
''Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin''. Retrieved on 2 January 2014
* Philipp Franck, painter
* Götz George, actor, childhood in Wannsee
* Otto Erich Hartleben, writer
* Max Liebermann, painter
* Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, resistance fighter, Tristanstraße 8–10
* Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, resistance fighter
* Arthur Scherbius, inventor, lived from 1924–1929 in Wannsee
* Arnold von Siemens (1853-1918), entrepreneur
* Hermann von Siemens (1885-1986), entrepreneur
1936 Summer Olympics official report.
Volume 2. pp. 817–36.
* {{Authority control Localities of Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf, * Venues of the 1936 Summer Olympics Olympic modern pentathlon venues Olympic shooting venues
Geography
Overview
At the western rim of the Wannsee locality the Glienicke Bridge connects it with the city of Potsdam. The late Neoclassical architecture, neoclassical Glienicke Palace as well as the Pfaueninsel are nearby. Since 1990 these palaces and parks have formed part of the Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin UNESCO World Heritage Site. The locality is centred on the ancient village of Stolpe (Berlin), Stolpe, known to exist in 1299. The locality also includes the districts of Kohlhasenbrück (named after the 1811 novella ''Michael Kohlhaas'' by Heinrich von Kleist) and Steinstücken, which in Cold War days became famous as a tiny exclave of West Berlin within the East Germany , GDR.Großer and Kleiner Wannsee
Wannsee lake is well known as the number-one bathing and recreation spot for western Berlin, especially from a 1951 Schlager hit by teen idol Cornelia Froboess. The ''Strandbad Wannsee'', an open-air lido with one of the longest inland beaches in Europe and a popular naturism, nudist area, was built in 1929–1930 after a concept by architect Richard Ermisch. Situated on the eastern shore of the lake it is officially part of the Nikolassee locality.Subdivision
Wannsee is divided into 5 zones (''Ortslagen''): * Am Sandwerder * Heckeshorn * Kohlhasenbrück * Steinstücken * Stolpe (Berlin), StolpeHistory
The history of Wannsee as an attractive suburb of Berlin began when "Great Elector" Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Frederick William of Brandenburg ordered the construction of a hunting lodge, the Jagdschloss Glienicke. The castle remained the hunting lodge of the House of Hohenzollern, Hohenzollern family for generations, and was rebuilt and expanded several times. Today, the castle houses an institute for social education.
In 1793, the Kingdom of Prussia, Prussian king Frederick William II of Prussia, Frederick William II, a descendant of Frederick William, acquired the island Pfaueninsel (German: "Peafowl, Peacock Island") in the Havel, Havel river and had the Pfaueninsel castle built for himself and his mistress Wilhelmine, Gräfin von Lichtenau, Wilhelmine Enke in 1794–1797. Jagdschloss Glienicke and Pfaueninsel, Pfaueninsel castle are both part of UNESCO World Heritage Site Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin.
On 21 November 1811, German writer Heinrich von Kleist shot himself on the shore of the ''Kleiner Wannsee'' and, at her bidding, his lover, Henriette Vogel. A memorial marks the site.
Glienicke Palace (German language, German: ''Schloss Glienicke'') was designed in Neoclassical architecture, neoclassical style by Karl Friedrich Schinkel for Prince Carl of Prussia in 1826. It used to be the summer palace of the prince. Together with the Russian style ensemble ''Nikolskoe'' around the church Ss. Peter and Paul, Wannsee, Ss. Peter and Paul (German: St. Peter und Paul) on the top of a hill on the banks of the Havel, Havel river, it also belongs to the UNESCO World Heritage Site Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin.
''Nikolskoe,'' consisting of the church, a cottage, a school and a cemetery, was established from 1813 to 1837 at the suggestion by the Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia), Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, the daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia, King Frederick William III of Prussia. Her brother Prince Carl, constructor of Glienicke Palace, was buried in the church after his death. Today the church is especially popular for weddings and the cottage is housing a restaurant.
The Verein Seglerhaus am Wannsee, the second oldest yacht club in Germany, was established in October 1867 on a small wooden shack by River Havel. In 1877 it moved to its present location at the edge of the lake.
In 1909, Max Liebermann, head of the Berlin Secession, had a villa built at the western shore of the Wannsee. His widow was forced to sell it to the ''Reichspost, Deutsche Reichspost'' in 1940. Today, the property is a museum in honor of the painter. Especially worth seeing is the garden, which was a popular Liebermann motif.
In 1928, a large shooting range was established in the Berlin-Düppel, Düppel woods near the Berlin city limits. It was the site of the Shooting at the 1936 Summer Olympics, shooting events of the 1936 Summer Olympics. A golf course hosted the running section of the Modern pentathlon at the 1936 Summer Olympics, modern pentathlon at the same games. After World War II, it was used by the US Army as the "Rose Range" firing compound. In 1994, the shooting range was returned to Germany by the Allies, and is today used by the Deutsche Versuchs- und Prüfanstalt für Jagd- und Sportwaffen, DEVA institute.
On 20 January 1942, senior Nazi officials met at the Wannsee Villa (built 1914–1915) to ensure the cooperation of the major government organizations in "the organizational, logistical and material steps for a Final Solution, final solution of the Jewish question in Europe" - the extermination of the Jews of Europe. The event, presided over by Reinhard Heydrich and conducted by Adolf Eichmann, has since become known as the Wannsee Conference. Today, the building serves as a memorial and education centre.
Transport
Wannsee is served by the Berlin S-Bahn lines S1 (Berlin), S1, as terminus, and S7 (Berlin), S7, at the Berlin-Wannsee railway station. It is also a stop of some long-distance trains as well as of RegionalExpress and RegionalBahn trains of Deutsche Bahn and Transdev Germany. Wannsee is also linked to Kladow by Ferry transport in Berlin, Berlin ferry line F10.Education
The ''Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin'', a Nihonjin gakko, Japanese international school, is in Wannsee.''Japanische Internationale Schule zu Berlin''. Retrieved on 2 January 2014
People
* Philipp Franck, painter
* Götz George, actor, childhood in Wannsee
* Otto Erich Hartleben, writer
* Max Liebermann, painter
* Berthold Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, resistance fighter, Tristanstraße 8–10
* Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, resistance fighter
* Arthur Scherbius, inventor, lived from 1924–1929 in Wannsee
* Arnold von Siemens (1853-1918), entrepreneur
* Hermann von Siemens (1885-1986), entrepreneur
See also
* Liebermann-Villa * Isted Lion#Berlin, Isted Lion of Berlin * Wannsee ConferenceReferences
External links
1936 Summer Olympics official report.
Volume 2. pp. 817–36.
* {{Authority control Localities of Berlin Steglitz-Zehlendorf, * Venues of the 1936 Summer Olympics Olympic modern pentathlon venues Olympic shooting venues