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M, or m, is the thirteenth Letter (alphabet), letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the English alphabet, modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is English alphabet#Letter names, ''em'' (pronounced ), plural ''ems''.
* The Roman numeral M represents the number 1000 (number), 1000, though it was not used in Roman times. There is, however, scant evidence that the letter was later introduced in the early centuries A.D. by the Romans.
* Unit prefix M (mega), meaning one million times, and m (milli) meaning one-thousandth.
* m is the standard abbreviation for metre (or meter) in the International System of Units (SI). However, m is also used as an abbreviation for mile.
* M is used as the unit abbreviation for molar concentration, molarity.
*ꟿ : Archaic M was used in ancient Roman texts to abbreviate the personal name 'Manius' (A regular capital M was used for the more common personal name 'Marcus')
*ℳ : currency symbol for German gold mark, Mark
History
The letter M is derived from the Phoenician alphabet, Phoenician Mem, via the Greek alphabet, Greek Mu (letter), Mu (Μ, μ). Semitic alphabets, Semitic Mem is most likely derived from a "Proto-Sinaitic script, Proto-Sinaitic" (Bronze Age) adoption of the N-water ripple (n hieroglyph), "water" ideogram in Egyptian hieroglyphs, Egyptian writing. The Egyptian sign had the acrophonic value , from the Egyptian word for "water", ''nt''; the adoption as the Semitic letter for was presumably also on acrophonic grounds, from the Semitic languages, Semitic word for "water", '':wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/maʾ-, *mā(y)-''.Use in writing systems
The letter represents the bilabial nasal consonant sound in the orthography of Latin as well as in that of many modern languages, and also in the International Phonetic Alphabet. In English, the Oxford English Dictionary (first edition) says that is sometimes a vowel, in words like ''spasm'' and in the suffix ''-ism''. In modern terminology, this is described as a syllabic consonant (IPA ). In Washo language, Washo, lower-case represents a typical em sound, while upper-case represents a Voicelessness, voiceless em sound.Other uses
* The Roman numeral M represents the number 1000 (number), 1000, though it was not used in Roman times. There is, however, scant evidence that the letter was later introduced in the early centuries A.D. by the Romans.
* Unit prefix M (mega), meaning one million times, and m (milli) meaning one-thousandth.
* m is the standard abbreviation for metre (or meter) in the International System of Units (SI). However, m is also used as an abbreviation for mile.
* M is used as the unit abbreviation for molar concentration, molarity.
*ꟿ : Archaic M was used in ancient Roman texts to abbreviate the personal name 'Manius' (A regular capital M was used for the more common personal name 'Marcus')
*ℳ : currency symbol for German gold mark, Mark
Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets
*𐤌 : Phoenician alphabet, Semitic letter Mem, from which the following symbols originally derive **Μ μ : Greek alphabet, Greek letter Mu (letter), Mu, from which M derives *** : Coptic alphabet, Coptic letter Me, which derives from Greek Mu ***М м : Cyrillic letter Em (Cyrillic), Em, also derived from Mu ***𐌌 : Old Italic script, Old Italic M, which derives from Greek Mu, and is the ancestor of modern Latin M **** : Runes, Runic letter Mannaz, which derives from old Italic M *** : Gothic alphabet, Gothic letter manna, which derives from Greek MuLigatures and abbreviations
*₥ : Mill (currency) *™ : Trademark symbol *℠ : Service mark symbolComputing codes
: 1Other representations
References
External links
* * * {{Latin alphabet, M} ISO basic Latin letters