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Loznica ( sr-cyrl, Лозница, ) is a
city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
located in the Mačva District of western Serbia. It lies on the right bank of the Drina river. In 2011 the city had a total population of 19,572, while the administrative area had a population of 79,327. Its name stems from the word "loza" (the
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe * someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people * Serbian language * Serbian names See also

* * * Old Serbian (disambiguat ...
word for '' vine''). Originally, its name was ''Lozica'' (
Serbian Serbian may refer to: * someone or something related to Serbia, a country in Southeastern Europe * someone or something related to the Serbs, a South Slavic people * Serbian language * Serbian names See also

* * * Old Serbian (disambiguat ...
for ''small vine''), but it later became ''Loznica''.


History

The oldest settlements on the territory of Jadar and Loznica can be traced to the Neolithic period when the Starčevo culture flourished from 4500–3000 BC. Illyrian and
Celtic tribes This is a list of Celtic tribes, organized in order of the likely ethnolinguistic kinship of the peoples and tribes. In Classical antiquity, Celts were a large number and a significant part of the population in many regions of Western Europe, ...
inhabited the region prior to the Roman conquest in 75 BC. Roman conquest of the
Balkan peninsula The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...
brought huge changes: the territory became part of the Roman province of
Dalmatia Dalmatia (; hr, Dalmacija ; it, Dalmazia; see #Name, names in other languages) is one of the four historical region, historical regions of Croatia, alongside Croatia proper, Slavonia, and Istria. Dalmatia is a narrow belt of the east shore of ...
. The most important settlement in Jadar was ''Genzis'', located near Lešnica, while the Roman settlement in present-day Loznica was called ''Ad Drinum''. Legend tells that Loznica was named after the grape vines that were grown in this region, starting from the 3rd century BC in the time of Roman Emperor
Probus Probus may refer to: People * Marcus Valerius Probus (c. 20/30–105 AD), Roman grammarian * Marcus Pomponius Maecius Probus, consul in 228 * Probus (emperor), Roman Emperor (276–282) * Probus of Byzantium (–306), Bishop of Byzantium from 293 t ...
. The first reference to the town as Loznica dates back to the reign of Serbian King
Stefan Milutin Stefan Uroš II Milutin ( sr-cyr, Стефан Урош II Милутин, Stefan Uroš II Milutin; 1253 – 29 October 1321), known as Stefan Milutin ( sr-cyr, Стефан Милутин, Stefan Milutin), was the King of Serbia between 1282&nd ...
, when Catherine, the wife of Milutin's brother Dragutin, founded the nearby monastery of Tronoša (1317). Loznica received little notice for the next two hundred years. By 1533, Loznica had been conquered from the Serbian Despotate by the Ottoman Empire and was then populated by Muslims; according to the tax registry, out of 37 houses, 26 houses were Muslim and 11 were Christian. In 1600, Loznica became an officially Muslim (
Bosniak The Bosniaks ( bs, Bošnjaci, Cyrillic: Бошњаци, ; , ) are a South Slavic ethnic group native to the Southeast European historical region of Bosnia, which is today part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, who share a common Bosnian ancestry, cu ...
) settlement with 55 houses. In this period Loznica and Jadar were part of the region administered from Zvornik. The Zvornik region itself was ruled by the pasha in
Bosnia Bosnia and Herzegovina ( sh, / , ), abbreviated BiH () or B&H, sometimes called Bosnia–Herzegovina and often known informally as Bosnia, is a country at the crossroads of south and southeast Europe, located in the Balkans. Bosnia and He ...
. Striving toward liberation from Ottoman rule, the population of Loznica was actively involved in the common fight of the Serbian people, beginning with the First Serbian Uprising of 1804. The uprising was very important since the Ottomans did not easily give up on the border part of their territory from which they could harvest taxes and supply their army as well as break through towards the central part of the rebellious Serbia. During the whole period of the First Uprising (1804–13), numerous and heavy battles against the Ottomans were fought in Loznica and its vicinity. In 1813 the Serbs managed to drive the Ottomans across the river Drina, at which time the Ottomans reoccupied Loznica. In November 1833, Loznica and Jadar officially became part of the Principality of Serbia, during the rule of Miloš Obrenović, when Sultan Mahmud II ceded six seized regions to Serbia. This resulted in the abolition of Ottoman ownership over the land and it was declared a
free peasant Free tenants, also known as free peasants, were tenant farmer peasants in medieval England who occupied a unique place in the medieval hierarchy. They were characterized by the low rents which they paid to their manorial lord. They were subj ...
state, which meant that the feudal system was revoked. Jadar became part of the Podrinje region, while Loznica became the seat of the region, remaining in this role until the end of the 19th century, when the capital was moved to Šabac. During the thirties of the 19th century, Loznica had 295 houses with 1203 people and became the centre of the administrative and political power of Podrinje. The education system started to develop and a hospital was set up (1882), construction of industrial buildings started, craftsmen, trade and banking started to develop. Construction of the railway between Šabac, Loznica and
Banja Koviljaca Banja can refer to: * Banja (woreda), an administrative division of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia * Banja, Aranđelovac, a village in Šumadija District, Serbia * Banja (Priboj), a village in Zlatibor District, Serbia * , a village near Vrgorac, Cro ...
started by the beginning of the 20th century. The First Balkan War and First World War halted economic development and significantly reduced the number of people in Loznica and vicinity. Upon completion of the First World War, Loznica remained a regional centre with about 5000 people. There was a short period of reconstruction and economic development, followed by the
Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...
, which saw a decline in the prices of agricultural products. By the mid-1930s, craft and trade shops had been established, bringing some relief to the economy. Later, the antimony mines were acquired by German industrialists which further strengthened the economy. This growth was, however, brought to an abrupt halt at the beginning of World War II. Loznica became the first city in Europe to be liberated from German occupation when
Chetnik The Chetniks ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Четници, Četnici, ; sl, Četniki), formally the Chetnik Detachments of the Yugoslav Army, and also the Yugoslav Army in the Homeland and the Ravna Gora Movement, was a Yugoslav royalist and Serbian nationa ...
units entered on 31 August 1941. In January 2008, according to the Serbian law, Loznica received the status of a city.


Geography and climate

The city is located in western Serbia, in the Mačva District, near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies on the right bank of the Drina river.


Climate

Loznica has a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
with cold winters, often very cold due to the mountain winds of nearby mountains, and warm to hot summers. When hot air from Adriatic Sea starts going inland, to the north-east it rises over mountain barriers ( Zlatar and Zlatibor), gaining jet effect and continuing fast to western parts of Serbia.


Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the ethnic groups in the city of Loznica include Serbs (79,327), and smaller numbers of
Romani Romani may refer to: Ethnicities * Romani people, an ethnic group of Northern Indian origin, living dispersed in Europe, the Americas and Asia ** Romani genocide, under Nazi rule * Romani language, any of several Indo-Aryan languages of the Roma ...
(761), ethnic Muslims (660), Yugoslavs (74), Montenegrins (58) and others.


Settlements

Aside from Loznica, the city includes the following settlements: *
Banja Koviljača Banja Koviljača ( sr-cyrl, Бања Ковиљача, ) is a popular tourist spot and spa town located in the city of Loznica, Serbia. Situated on the west border of Serbia by the Drina River and from Belgrade, it is the oldest spa town in Ser ...
*
Baščeluci Baščeluci ( sr, Башчелуци) is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District. It has a population of 980. Name

The name of the town in Serbian language, Serbian is plural. Populated places in Mačva Di ...
* Bradić *
Brezjak Brezjak ( sr, Брезјак) is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District The Mačva District ( sr, / , ) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands in the western parts o ...
*
Brnjac Brnjac ( sr, Брњац) is a settlement near the Serbian city of Loznica in the Mačva District The Mačva District ( sr, / , ) is one of eight administrative districts of Šumadija and Western Serbia. It expands in the western parts of Ser ...
* Veliko Selo *
Voćnjak Voćnjak is a village in the Municipalities of Serbia, municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 1204 people.Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili etnička ...
*
Gornja Badanja Gornja Badanja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of th ...
* Gornja Borina *
Gornja Koviljača Gornja Koviljača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeas ...
*
Gornja Sipulja Gornja Sipulja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeaster ...
* Gornje Nedeljice *
Gornji Dobrić Gornji Dobrić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of th ...
*
Grnčara Grnčara is a village in the Municipalities of Serbia, municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 654 people.Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili etnička p ...
*
Donja Badanja Donja Badanja (Serbian Cyrillic: Доња Бадања, meaning 'a wooden pipe made of a hollowed trunk', often used to direct water on the wheel of a water-mill) is a village in western Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Loznica, in th ...
*
Donja Sipulja Donja Sipulja is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is ...
*
Donje Nedeljice Donje Nedeljice is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of t ...
*
Donji Dobrić Donji Dobrić is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern ...
* Draginac *
Zajača Zajača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Panno ...
*
Jadranska Lešnica Jadranska Lešnica is a village in the Municipalities of Serbia, municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2088 people.Popis stanovništva, domaćinstava i Stanova 2002. Knjiga 1: Nacionalna ili ...
* Jarebice *
Jelav Jelav is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 854. Jelav Monoxyl In September 2011, after local floods, a top an ancient boat appeared protruding out of the gravel on ...
* Joševa * Jugovići * Kamenica *
Klupci Klupci ( sr-Cyrl, Клупци) is a locality of Serbia located in the municipality of Loznica, district of Mačva. Klupci the village In 2002 it had a population of 7297 inhabitants, 95% of which were ethnic Serbs. In spite of the number of its ...
* Kozjak *
Korenita Korenita ( sr-cyrl, Коренита) is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at ...
* Krajišnici * Lešnica * Lipnica *
Lipnički Šor Lipnički Šor is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the P ...
*
Lozničko Polje Lozničko Polje ( sr-cyr, Лозничко Поље) is a town in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked count ...
*
Milina Milina ( Serbian: Милина) is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast E ...
* Meraja * Novo Selo *
Paskovac Paskovac is a village in the Municipalities of Serbia, municipality of Loznica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 687 people. Paskovac's population in 2011 consisted of 47% women and 53 % males whose ages range ...
* Ploča *
Pomijača Pomijača is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at the crossroads of the Pan ...
* Ribarice * Runjani *
Simino Brdo Simino Brdo is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern a ...
* Slatina *
Straža Straza may refer to: Bosnia and Herzegovina * Straža, Bosnia and Herzegovina North Macedonia * Straža, Lipkovo Poland * Straża Serbia * Straža (Loznica), a village in Mačva District * Straža (Vršac), a village in South Banat Di ...
* Stupnica * Tekeriš *
Trbosilje Trbosilje ( sr, Трбосиље) is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeastern and Central Europe, situated at t ...
* Trbušnica * Tršić * Filipovići * Cikote *
Čokešina Čokešina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern an ...
* Šurice


Society and culture


Culture

Among cultural heritage include the Church of the Holy Virgin located in the town, the 14th-century
Čokešina Monastery Čokešina is a village in the municipality of Loznica, Serbia Serbia (, ; Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), officially the Republic of Serbia (Serbian language, Serbian: , , ), is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe, Southeastern an ...
, the 13th-century Tronoša Monastery, and monuments on Mount Gučevo, in Tekeriš, and in Draginac, as well as the ethnic village of Tršić. A
Serbian epic poem Serbian epic poetry ( sr, Српске епске народне песме, Srpske epske narodne pesme) is a form of epic poetry created by Serbs originating in today's Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and North Macedonia. The ...
is the ''Battle of Loznica'' in which the central figure Anta Bogičević leads Serbian forces during the First Serbian Uprising. The most important local cultural event is "Vukov Sabor" (Council of Vuk) in Tršić, held annually in September, in memory of Vuk Stefanović Karadžić who was born in the village; it remains the oldest and largest cultural event in Serbia, for its importance and the increasing volume (20-30,000 visitors).


Sport

Loznica's local football club is called FK Loznica, with the Lagator Stadium as home ground.


Economy

The largest factory of Loznica was "HI Viskoza Loznica", founded in 1957 with over 10,000 employees (1981), at the time when the city had 18,000 inhabitants. Production of trailers was primarily in the factory "FAK Loznica", and textile production in "Moda" Loznica. Italian manufacturer of stockings and women's underwear "Golden Lady" has a factory in Loznica, exporting to countries of the European Union. For now the factory employs 550 workers. Also, one of the largest lithium deposits (
Jadar mine The Jadar mining project is a proposed mining site. The deposit is one of the largest lithium deposits in the world and also contains boron. It is planned that both lithium and boron will be recovered from the ore. The deposit contains the minera ...
) in Serbia with total reserves of 125.3 million tonnes is located in Loznica. The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):


Gallery

File:Loznica city museum.JPG,
Museum in Loznica #REDIRECT Jadar Museum The Jadar Museum ( sr-Cyrl, Музеј Јадра) is a history museum located in Loznica, Serbia. It has a permanent collection dedicated to man's activities in the area of Podrinje from prehistory until 1950. The museum i ...
File:Vukov Dom Kulture.JPG, Vukov Dom File:Corso in Loznica.JPG, Corso in Loznica File:Church in Loznica by night.JPG, Church in Loznica File:Stira creek & Intermezzo.JPG, Creek Stira File:Elementary school Anta Bogicevic in Loznica.JPG, Elementary school Anta Bogicevic File:Central bus station in Loznica.JPG, Bus station in Loznica File:Statue of Duke Stepa Stepanovic.jpg, Statue of Vojvoda Stepa Stepanovic Tekeriš, Spomenik cerskim junacima, 03.jpg, The Memorial Ossuary in Tekeriš to the victims of the Battle of Cer


Twin cities

* Płock, Poland *
Ivanić-Grad Ivanić-Grad or Ivanić Grad ( is a town in Zagreb County, Croatia. It is part of Moslavina. Geography Ivanić-Grad is located south-east from Zagreb, connected: * by highway A3 (Bregana-Zagreb-Ivanić-Grad-Slavonski Brod-Lipovac) * by train ...
, Croatia


Notable people

* Jovan Cvijić, geographer, president of the
Serbian Royal Academy of Sciences The Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts ( la, Academia Scientiarum et Artium Serbica, sr-Cyr, Српска академија наука и уметности, САНУ, Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti, SANU) is a national academy and the ...
and
rector Rector (Latin for the member of a vessel's crew who steers) may refer to: Style or title *Rector (ecclesiastical), a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations *Rector (academia), a senior official in an edu ...
of the University of Belgrade * Vuk Stefanović Karadžić, linguist, born in Tršić, educated in Tronoša *
Saša Janković Saša Janković ( sr-cyr, Саша Јанковић, ; born 27 April 1970) is a Serbian lawyer, journalist, human rights activist and politician who served as the National Ombudsman of the Republic of Serbia between 2007 and 2017. He resigned his ...
, Ombudsman of Serbia *
Dragan Kojić Keba Dragan Kojić (), better known as Keba (), is a Serbian singer. Debuted in 1976, he has a career spanning more than four decades and remains one of the most acclaimed Serbian folk singers. Kojić also appeared in the second season of the Serbi ...
, singer *
Sinan Sakić Sinan Sakić (; 13 October 1956 – 1 June 2018) was a Serbian pop-folk singer. Sakić first reached massive popularity as a member of the Yugoslav turbo-folk band, Južni Vetar (''Southern Wind''). He also went on to have a successful career ...
, singer *
Momčilo Spremić Momčilo Spremić ( sr, Момчило Спремић; born August 29, 1937) is a Serbian historian and member of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts. He is professor of General history of the Middle Ages at the University of Belgrade Faculty o ...
, historian * Zlatko Junuzović, Austrian football player * Aleksandra Crvendakić, basketball player, Olympic bronze medalist * Branko Lazić, basketball player, EuroBasket silver medalist *
Aleksandar Gligoric Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Al ...
, actor * Dragan Mićanović, Serbian actor * Milinko Pantić, Serbian football player and coach.


See also

* List of places in Serbia


References


External links


City of Loznica

Internet portal Loznica
{{Mačva District Populated places in Mačva District Municipalities and cities of Šumadija and Western Serbia Starčevo–Körös–Criș culture