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Licinia is the name used by ancient Roman women of the '' gens Licinia''.


Known individuals


Daughter of Gaius Licinius Varus

Licinia (flourished 188 BC–180 BC) was the daughter of Gaius Licinius Varus and the sister of Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 171 BC) and Gaius Licinius Crassus (consul 168 BC). She married Publius Mucius Scaevola (consul 175 BC) and bore him at least two sons
Publius Mucius Scaevola Publius Mucius Scaevola may refer to: * Publius Mucius Scaevola (pontifex maximus) (c. 176 BC – 115 BC) * Publius Mucius Scaevola (triumphator) (fl. 179–169 BC) See also * Mucius Scaevola (disambiguation) The gens Mucia was an ancient and ...
and
Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus (c. 180 BC – 130 BC) was the natural son of Publius Mucius Scaevola and Licinia, and brother of Publius Mucius Scaevola. He was adopted at an unknown date by Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 171 BC), h ...
. The younger son was adopted by her elder brother as his heir. Both sons were well-educated and both became Pontifex Maximus successively.


Wife of Claudius Asellus

Licinia (died 153 BC), a woman killed by her relatives in 153 BC for allegedly murdering her husband Claudius Asellus; another woman similarly accused was Publicia, wife of the consul Lucius Postumius Albinus (consul 154 BC). Both women assigned real estate as bail to the urban praetor, but were killed (strangled) by their relatives before coming to trial.


Daughters of Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus

Two daughters of
Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus Publius Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus (c. 180 BC – 130 BC) was the natural son of Publius Mucius Scaevola and Licinia, and brother of Publius Mucius Scaevola. He was adopted at an unknown date by Publius Licinius Crassus (consul 171 BC), h ...
(consul and Pontifex Maximus) by his wife Claudia, sister of Appius Claudius Pulcher: *Licinia Major (flourished 2nd century BC), was married to Gaius Sulpicius
Galba Galba (; born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was the sixth Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69. After his adoption by his stepmother, and before becoming emperor, he was known as Livius Ocella Sulpicius Ga ...
.Genealogie
/ref> *Licinia Minor (flourished 2nd century BC), also known as Licinia Crassi. A younger daughter, she was the wife of Gaius Gracchus. Her dowry was seized temporarily by the Senate when her husband's property was confiscated, but eventually restored after an appeal to her uncle
Publius Mucius Scaevola Publius Mucius Scaevola may refer to: * Publius Mucius Scaevola (pontifex maximus) (c. 176 BC – 115 BC) * Publius Mucius Scaevola (triumphator) (fl. 179–169 BC) See also * Mucius Scaevola (disambiguation) The gens Mucia was an ancient and ...
the Pontifex Maximus.


Daughter of Lucius Licinius Crassus

Two daughters of Lucius Licinius Crassus and his wife
Laelia Minor ''Laelia'' is a small genus of 25 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). ''Laelia'' species are found in areas of subtropical or temperate climate in Central and South America, but mostly in Mexico. ''Laelia'' is abbreviated ''L.'' in the ...
, herself a daughter of
Gaius Laelius Sapiens Gaius Laelius Sapiens (born c. 188 BC), was a Roman statesman, best known for his friendship with the Roman general and statesman Scipio Aemilianus (Scipio the Younger) (d. 129 BC). He was consul of 140 BC, elected with the help of his friend, by t ...
(consul in 140 BC). Both sisters and their mother were known for their pure Latin. *Licinia Major the elder daughter of Lucius Licinius Crassus and his wife Laelia, she was married to Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica, son of the consul of 111 BC and grandson of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Serapio, consul in 138 BC and Pontifex Maximus. She had at least two surviving sons, of whom the elder was adopted by her father as his heir Lucius Licinius Crassus Scipio and the younger was adopted by her husband's cousin
Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius (c. 128 – 63 BC) was a Roman politician and general. Like the other members of the influential Caecilii Metelli family, he was a leader of the Optimates, the conservative faction opposed to the Populares during ...
, a close friend of dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. This son is known to history as Metellus Scipio (see
Caecilius Metellus Caecilius Metellus may refer to: * Gaius Caecilius Metellus, a Roman politician in the 80s BC * Gaius Caecilius Metellus Caprarius, Roman consul in 113 BC * Lucius Caecilius Metellus (disambiguation) * Marcus Caecilius Metellus (disambiguation) * ...
) - Caesar's ineffectual military and political rival and Pompey's last father-in-law. His daughter was Cornelia Metella. *Licinia Minor the other daughter of Lucius Licinius Crassus and his wife Laelia. She was married to
Gaius Marius the Younger Gaius Marius "the Younger" (c. 110 – 82 BC) was a Roman republican general and politician who became consul in 82 BC with Papirius Carbo. He fought in Sulla's civil war. He committed suicide that same year at Praeneste, after his defeat by S ...
, according to both Plutarch and Cicero.


Wife of Quintus Mucius Scaevola Pontifex

Licinia Crassa (flourished 2nd century BC & 1st century BC), noted for her beauty; the wife firstly of Quintus Mucius Scaevola, a future consul and Pontifex Maximus, who became notorious for her adultery with another consul Quintus Caecilius Metellus Nepos. Metellus Nepos divorced his wife to marry Licinia a week later, after she had been divorced by her husband and thus disgraced in Roman society. The couple later had two sons, both of them consuls. By her first husband, she was also mother of Mucia Tertia, triumvir Pompey's third wife.


Daughter of Marcus Licinius Crassus

Licinia (flourished 1st century BC & 1st century) was a daughter of the consul in 14 BC and governor
Marcus Licinius Crassus Marcus Licinius Crassus (; 115 – 53 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. He is often called "the richest man in Rome." Wallechinsky, David & Wallace, I ...
and sister of Roman Senator
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (flourished 1st century AD) was a Ancient Rome, Roman nobleman of consular rank who lived during the Roman Empire. Frugi's mother was an unnamed Roman woman, while his father was consul and governor Marcus Licinius Cr ...
. She married Lucius Calpurnius Piso who became consul in 27 and was the mother of
Gaius Calpurnius Piso Gaius Calpurnius Piso may refer to: * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (conspirator) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (consul 180 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (consul 67 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (praetor 211 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus Gai ...
, the leader of the Pisonian Conspiracy in 65.


Daughter of Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi

Licinia Magna, daughter of the consul
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (flourished 1st century AD) was a Ancient Rome, Roman nobleman of consular rank who lived during the Roman Empire. Frugi's mother was an unnamed Roman woman, while his father was consul and governor Marcus Licinius Cr ...
and Scribonia (a descendant of Pompey).Syme, ''The Roman Revolution'', p.578 She married the Roman Senator Lucius Calpurnius Piso, who served as one of the consuls in 57. Piso was later killed by Roman emperor Vespasian as an enemy of the emperor. Licinia and Piso had a daughter called Calpurnia who married Calpurnius Piso Galerianus son of
Gaius Calpurnius Piso Gaius Calpurnius Piso may refer to: * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (conspirator) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (consul 180 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (consul 67 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso (praetor 211 BC) * Gaius Calpurnius Piso Crassus Frugi Licinianus Gai ...
(co-consul in 41 with
Claudius Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (; 1 August 10 BC – 13 October AD 54) was the fourth Roman emperor, ruling from AD 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, Claudius was born to Nero Claudius Drusus, Drusu ...
).''The Cambridge Ancient History''. Vol. 5, VII ed. London: Cambridge University Press, 1970-2007. Calpurnius Piso Galerianus was executed in 70 for opposing Vespasian. Licinia died at some date between 70 and 80 as her grave altar is dated from this period, which was found on the grounds of Villa Bonaparte near the Porta Salaria. The land may have been part of the family's suburban estates and her grave altar is on display at the Vatican Museums. Licinia may have had another sister called Licinia.


Daughter of Theodosius II

Licinia Eudoxia Licinia Eudoxia (; Greek: Λικινία, 422 – c. 493) was a Roman Empress, daughter of Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II. Her husbands included the Western Roman Emperors Valentinian III and Petronius Maximus. Family Eudoxia was born in ...
(422–462), a Roman Empress, who was only daughter of Eastern Emperor Theodosius II and wife of the Western Emperors Valentinian III and Petronius Maximus.


Vestal Virgins

* Licinia, a Vestal Virgin, condemned in 114 BC or 113 BC by the famous jurist Lucius Cassius Longinus Ravilla (consul 127 BC) along with Marcia and Aemilia, for unchastity. * Licinia (flourished 1st century BC), a Vestal Virgin who was courted by her kinsman triumvir
Marcus Licinius Crassus Marcus Licinius Crassus (; 115 – 53 BC) was a Roman general and statesman who played a key role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. He is often called "the richest man in Rome." Wallechinsky, David & Wallace, I ...
who wanted her property. This relationship gave rise to rumors. Plutarch says: "And yet when he was further on in years, he was accused of criminal intimacy with Licinia, one of the vestal virgins and Licinia was formally prosecuted by a certain Plotius. Now Licinia was the owner of a pleasant villa in the suburbs which Crassus wished to get at a low price, and it was for this reason that he was forever hovering about the woman and paying his court to her, until he fell under the abominable suspicion. And in a way it was his avarice that absolved him from the charge of corrupting the vestal, and he was acquitted by the judges. But he did not let Licinia go until he had acquired her property." Licinia became a Vestal Virgin in 85 BC and remained a Vestal until 61 B

* Licinia Praetextata, the Chief Vestal Virgin who have been the possible daughter of consul, Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi,The Piso Frugi family
/ref> son of consul
Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi Marcus Licinius Crassus Frugi (flourished 1st century AD) was a Ancient Rome, Roman nobleman of consular rank who lived during the Roman Empire. Frugi's mother was an unnamed Roman woman, while his father was consul and governor Marcus Licinius Cr ...
and Scribonia (a descendant of Pompey).


Footnotes


References


Sources

* Cicero - RhetHer_4'47; Cicero: Brut_159;L Ascon_45'c-46'a;L * Plutarch
Moralia, or Roman Questions, 284'B-C
{{DEFAULTSORT:Licinia Ancient Roman prosopographical lists of women Licinii