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Karaman, historically known as Laranda (
In ancient times, Karaman was known as Laranda ( el, Λάρανδα). In the 6th century BC it came under Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid rule until 322 BC, when it was destroyed by Perdiccas, a former general of Alexander the Great, after he had defeated Ariarathes I of Cappadocia, Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia.
It later became a seat of Isaurians, Isaurian pirates. At some point it was possessed by Antipater of Derbe.
It belonged to the Roman Empire, Roman and later Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empires until it was captured by the Seljuk Turks, Seljuks in the early 12th century. Karaman was occupied by Frederick Barbarossa in 1190 and by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia between 1211 and 1216. In 1256, the town was taken by Karaman Bey and was renamed Karaman in his honour. From 1275, Karaman was the capital of the Karamanid Anatolian beyliks, beylik.
In 1468 the Karamanids were conquered by the Ottomans and in 1483 the capital of the province was moved to 
There was a Roman Catholic titular see for the city.
The poet Yunus Emre () resided in Karaman during his later years and is believed to lie buried beside the Yunus Emre Mosque. A small adjacent park is adorned with quotations from his verse, many of them graffiti-splattered. In 1222, the Sufi preacher Bahaeddin Veled arrived in town with his family, and the Karamanoğlu emir built a ''madrasah'' to accommodate them. Veled's son was the famous Rumi, who married his wife, Gevher Hatun, while his family was living in Karaman. It was here, too, that Rumi's mother died in 1224. She was buried, along with other family members, in the Aktekke Mosque (also known as the Mader-i Mevlana Cami), which Alaeddin Ali Bey had built to replace the original ''madrasah'' in 1370., todayszaman.com
When First Barbary War, Thomas Jefferson fought Libya's Barbary pirates, he replaced one member of the al-Qaramanli dynasty with another as Pasha.
/ref> * Peisander of Laranda an epic poet, the son of the poet Nestor.
File:Karaman_Eski_Kütüphane_4722.jpg, Karaman Street view
File:Karaman 2144.jpg, Karaman Nefesi Sultan Medresesi monumental entrance
File:Karaman 4808.jpg, Karaman Medrese of Nefesi Sultan
File:Karaman 2149.jpg, Karaman Hac Beyler Mosque Entrance
File:Karaman 4780.jpg, Karaman Haci Beyler Camisi entrance
File:Karaman 2199.jpg, Karaman Ibrahim Bey Imareti door
File:Karaman 4846.jpg, Karaman Ibrahim Bey Mosque
File:Istanbul june 2008 2805.jpg, Ibrahim Bey Mihrab in Çinili Köşk
File:Karaman 4856.jpg, Karaman Castle Mosque and surroundings
File:Karaman 2230.jpg, Karaman Castle mosque
File:Karaman 4768.jpg, Karaman Ak Tekke interior
File:Karaman 4862.jpg, Karaman Castle Exterior
File:Karaman 4863.jpg, Karaman Castle Interior
File:Karaman Museum 2067.jpg, Karaman Museum Can Hasan I Pottery
File:Karaman Museum 2063.jpg, Karaman Museum Iconostasis doors
File:Karaman Museum 2082.jpg, Karaman Museum Kadın fez süsü
File:Karaman Museum 2187.jpg, Karaman Museum Cowry shell adorned objects
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
: Λάρανδα), is a city in south central Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
, located in Central Anatolia
The Central Anatolia Region ( tr, İç Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey. The largest city in the region is Ankara. Other big cities are Konya, Kayseri, Eskişehir, Sivas, and Aksaray.
Located in Central Turkey, it is borde ...
, north of the Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains ( Turkish: ''Toros Dağları'' or ''Toroslar'') are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğird ...
, about south of Konya
Konya () is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium (), although the Seljuks also called it ...
. It is the capital district of the Karaman Province
Karaman Province ( tr, ) is a province of south-central Turkey. It has an area of . A 2010 estimate puts the population at 232,633 people. According to the 2000 census, the population was 243,210. The population density is 27.54 people/km. The ...
. According to the 2000 census, the population of the province is 231,872 of which 132,064 live in the town of Karaman. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an average elevation of . The Karaman Museum
Karaman Museum is in Karaman, Turkey
The museum is at . It is to the east of the Karaman Castle. The museum was established in 1980.
In the museum there are two halls one reserved for the archaeological items and one for the ethnographical ite ...
is one of the major sights.
Etymology
The town owes its name to Karaman Bey, who was one of the rulers of the Karamanid dynasty. The former name ''Laranda'' which in turn comes from the Luwian language ''Larawanda'', literally means "sandy, a sandy place".History
In ancient times, Karaman was known as Laranda ( el, Λάρανδα). In the 6th century BC it came under Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid rule until 322 BC, when it was destroyed by Perdiccas, a former general of Alexander the Great, after he had defeated Ariarathes I of Cappadocia, Ariarathes I, king of Cappadocia.
It later became a seat of Isaurians, Isaurian pirates. At some point it was possessed by Antipater of Derbe.
It belonged to the Roman Empire, Roman and later Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Empires until it was captured by the Seljuk Turks, Seljuks in the early 12th century. Karaman was occupied by Frederick Barbarossa in 1190 and by the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia between 1211 and 1216. In 1256, the town was taken by Karaman Bey and was renamed Karaman in his honour. From 1275, Karaman was the capital of the Karamanid Anatolian beyliks, beylik.
In 1468 the Karamanids were conquered by the Ottomans and in 1483 the capital of the province was moved to Konya
Konya () is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province. During antiquity and into Seljuk times it was known as Iconium (), although the Seljuks also called it ...
. Karaman has retained ruins of a Karamanid castle and some walls, two mosques and a Koran school (''madrasah'') from that age. A mihrab from a mosque from Karaman can now be found in the Tiled Kiosk, Çinili Pavilion near the Istanbul Archaeology Museum, Archeology Museum in Istanbul.
The Karamans were Cappadocian Turkomans who fought the Ottomans on the side of the Comnenes, became Christian and migrated westwards.
There was a Roman Catholic titular see for the city.
The poet Yunus Emre () resided in Karaman during his later years and is believed to lie buried beside the Yunus Emre Mosque. A small adjacent park is adorned with quotations from his verse, many of them graffiti-splattered. In 1222, the Sufi preacher Bahaeddin Veled arrived in town with his family, and the Karamanoğlu emir built a ''madrasah'' to accommodate them. Veled's son was the famous Rumi, who married his wife, Gevher Hatun, while his family was living in Karaman. It was here, too, that Rumi's mother died in 1224. She was buried, along with other family members, in the Aktekke Mosque (also known as the Mader-i Mevlana Cami), which Alaeddin Ali Bey had built to replace the original ''madrasah'' in 1370., todayszaman.com
When First Barbary War, Thomas Jefferson fought Libya's Barbary pirates, he replaced one member of the al-Qaramanli dynasty with another as Pasha.
Notable people
* Nestor of Laranda, an epic poet, the father of the poet Peisander.Suda Encyclopedia, §nu.261/ref> * Peisander of Laranda an epic poet, the son of the poet Nestor.
Karamanlides
The bearers of the Greek name Karamanlides, Karamanlis as well as other surnames beginning with "Karaman" are a toponymic surname for the town.Gallery
Climate
Karaman has a cold semi-arid climate under Köppen climate classification (''BSk'') and a continental climate under the Trewartha climate classification (''Dc''), with hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Karaman is generally very sunny, with almost 3000 hours of sunshine per year.See also
* Anatolian TigersReferences
External links
{{Authority control Karaman, Archaeological sites in Central Anatolia Cities in Turkey Populated places in Karaman Province Karamanids Districts of Karaman Province Lycaonia