Curcuma longa - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-199.jpg

''Curcuma'' () is a genus of plants in the family Zingiberaceae that contains such species as turmeric and Siam tulip. They are native to Southeast Asia, southern China, the Indian Subcontinent, New Guinea and northern Australia. Some species are reportedly naturalized in other warm parts of the world such as tropical Africa, Central America, Florida, and various islands of the Pacific Islands, Pacific, Indian Ocean, Indian and Atlantic Oceans. Generally, most curcuma grows well in loose and sandy soil in shaded areas.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
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Botanical description

Curcuma is a Perennial plant, perennial, Herbaceous plant, herbaceous plant that can reach a height of 1 meter. It emits numerous, edible Rhizome, rhizomes whose interiors are yellow or orange. These Rhizome, rhizomes are reduced to a powder, which is the spice called curcuma. Its lanceolate leaves are oblong or elliptical and are of a uniform green, and about 50cm long and 7 to 25 cm wide.

Uses

The name is derived from the Sanskrit ''kuṅkuma'', referring to turmeric. Turmeric is used to flavour or colour curry powders, Mustard (condiment), mustards, butters, and cheeses; it may also be used as a substitute for saffron or other yellowish pigments.

Species

''Plants of the World Online'' currently includes:Plants of the World Online: ''Curcuma'' L. (retrieved 3 May 2021)
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# ''Curcuma aeruginosa'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma albiflora'' Thwaites
# ''Curcuma alismatifolia'' Gagnep. : Siam tulip
# ''Curcuma amada'' Roxb. : mango-ginger
# ''Curcuma amarissima'' Roscoe
# ''Curcuma andersonii'' (Baker) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma angustifolia'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma antinaia'' Chaveer. & Tanee
# ''Curcuma arida'' Škornick. & N.S.Lý
# ''Curcuma aromatica'' Salisb. : wild turmeric
# ''Curcuma arracanensis'' W.J.Kress & V.Gowda
# ''Curcuma attenuata'' Wall. ex Baker
# ''Curcuma aurantiaca'' Zijp
# ''Curcuma australasica'' Hook.f.
# ''Curcuma bakeriana'' Hemsl.
# ''Curcuma bella'' Maknoi, K.Larsen & Sirirugsa
# ''Curcuma bhatii'' (R.M.Sm.) Škornick. & M.Sabu
# ''Curcuma bicolor'' Mood & K.Larsen
# ''Curcuma caesia'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma campanulata'' (Kuntze) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma candida'' (Wall.) Techapr. & Škornick.
# ''Curcuma cannanorensis'' R.Ansari, V.J.Nair & N.C.Nair
# ''Curcuma caulina'' J.Graham
# ''Curcuma ceratotheca'' K.Schum.
# ''Curcuma clovisii'' Škornick.
# ''Curcuma cochinchinensis'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma codonantha'' Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
# ''Curcuma coerulea'' K.Schum.
# ''Curcuma colorata'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma comosa'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma coriacea'' Mangaly & M.Sabu
# ''Curcuma corniculata'' Škornick.
# ''Curcuma cotuana'' Luu, Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran
# ''Curcuma decipiens'' Dalzell
# ''Curcuma ecomata'' Craib
# ''Curcuma elata'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma euchroma'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma exigua'' N.Liu
# ''Curcuma ferruginea'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma flammea'' Škornick.
# ''Curcuma flaviflora'' S.Q.Tong
# ''Curcuma glans'' K.Larsen & Mood
# ''Curcuma glauca'' (Wall.) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma gracillima'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma graminifolia'' (K.Larsen & Jenjitt.) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma grandiflora'' Wall. ex Baker
# ''Curcuma gulinqingensis'' N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
# ''Curcuma haritha'' Mangaly & M.Sabu
# ''Curcuma harmandii'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma heyneana'' Valeton & Zijp
# ''Curcuma inodora'' Blatt.
# ''Curcuma involucrata'' (King ex Baker) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma karnatakensis'' Amalraj, Velay. & Mural.
# ''Curcuma kayahensis'' Nob.Tanaka & M.M.Aung
# ''Curcuma kudagensis'' Velay., V.S.Pillai & Amalraj
# ''Curcuma kwangsiensis'' S.G.Lee & C.F.Liang
# ''Curcuma larsenii'' Maknoi & Jenjitt.
# ''Curcuma latiflora'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma latifolia'' Roscoe
# ''Curcuma leonidii'' Škornick. & Luu identified at Bu Gia Map National Park
# ''Curcuma leucorrhiza'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma loerzingii'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma longa'' L. : turmeric - type species
# ''Curcuma longispica'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma macrochlamys'' (Baker) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma mangga'' Valeton & Zijp
# ''Curcuma meraukensis'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma montana'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma mukhraniae'' R.Kr.Singh & Arti Garg
# ''Curcuma mutabilis'' Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
# ''Curcuma myanmarensis'' (W.J.Kress) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma nankunshanensis'' N.Liu, X.B.Ye & Juan Chen
# ''Curcuma neilgherrensis'' Wight
# ''Curcuma newmanii'' Škornick.
# ''Curcuma oligantha'' Trimen
# ''Curcuma ornata'' Wall. ex Baker
# ''Curcuma pambrosima'' Škornick. & N.S.Lý
# ''Curcuma parviflora'' Wall.
# ''Curcuma parvula'' Gage
# ''Curcuma pedicellata'' (Chaveer. & Mokkamul) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma peramoena'' Souvann. & Maknoi
# ''Curcuma petiolata'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma phaeocaulis'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma picta'' Roxb. ex Škornick.
# ''Curcuma pierreana'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma plicata'' Wall. ex Baker
# ''Curcuma porphyrotaenia'' Zipp. ex Span.
# ''Curcuma prakasha'' S.Tripathi
# ''Curcuma prasina'' Skornick.
# ''Curcuma pseudomontana'' J.Graham
# ''Curcuma purpurascens'' Blume
# ''Curcuma putii'' Maknoi & Jenjitt.
# ''Curcuma pygmaea'' Škornick. & Šída f.
# ''Curcuma reclinata'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma rhabdota'' Sirirugsa & M.F.Newman
# ''Curcuma rhomba'' Mood & K.Larsen
# ''Curcuma roscoeana'' Wall.
# ''Curcuma roxburghii'' M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
# ''Curcuma rubescens'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma rubrobracteata'' Škornick., M.Sabu & Prasanthk.
# ''Curcuma sahuynhensis'' Škornick. & N.S.Lý
# ''Curcuma saraburiensis'' Boonma & Saensouk
# ''Curcuma sattayasaiorum'' Chaveer. & Sudmoon
# ''Curcuma scaposa'' (Nimmo) Škornick. & M.Sabu
# ''Curcuma sessilis'' Gage
# ''Curcuma sichuanensis'' X.X.Chen
# ''Curcuma singularis'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma sparganiifolia'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma stenochila'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma strobilifera'' Wall. ex Baker
# ''Curcuma sumatrana'' Miq.
# ''Curcuma supraneeana'' (W.J.Kress & K.Larsen) Škornick.
# ''Curcuma sylvatica'' Valeton
# ''Curcuma thorelii'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma tongii'' Y.H.Tan & Li X.Zhang
# ''Curcuma trichosantha'' Gagnep.
# ''Curcuma vamana'' M.Sabu & Mangaly
# ''Curcuma viridiflora'' Roxb.
# ''Curcuma vitellina'' Škornick. & H.Ð.Tran
# ''Curcuma wallichii'' M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
# ''Curcuma wilcockii'' M.A.Rahman & Yusuf
# ''Curcuma woodii'' N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
# ''Curcuma xanthella'' Škornick.
# ''Curcuma yingdeensis'' N.H.Xia & Juan Chen
# ''Curcuma yunnanensis'' N.Liu & S.J.Chen
# ''Curcuma zanthorrhiza'' Roxb. : temu lawak
# ''Curcuma zedoaria'' (Christm.) Roscoe : zedoary
# ''Curcuma zedoarioides'' Chaveer. & Tanee

References

Gallery

Image:Curcuma aeruginosa1.jpg, ''Curcuma aeruginosa''
Image:Curcuma longa (Haldi) Im IMG 2441.jpg, ''Curcuma longa''
Image:Curcuma by titanium22.jpg, ''Curcuma sp.''
Image:Curcuma sp.jpg, ''Curcuma sp.''

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Curcuma,
Zingiberaceae genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus