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This year is notable for
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, ...
's first landing on the moon.


Events


January

* January 4 – The Government of
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
hands over
Ifni Ifni was a Spanish province on the Atlantic coast of Morocco, south of Agadir and across from the Canary Islands. It had a total area of , and a population of 51,517 in 1964. The main industry was fishing. The present-day Moroccan province in th ...
to
Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...
. *
January 5 Events Pre-1600 *1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
**
Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 was the flight involved in a fatal air accident on 5 January 1969, when a Boeing 727 with 62 people on board crashed into a house on its approach to London Gatwick Airport in heavy fog. Due to pilot error the fl ...
crashes into a house on its approach to London's
Gatwick Airport Gatwick Airport (), also known as London Gatwick , is a major international airport near Crawley, West Sussex, England, south of Central London. In 2021, Gatwick was the third-busiest airport by total passenger traffic in the UK, after H ...
, killing 50 of the 62 people on board and two of the home's occupants. * January 14 – An explosion aboard the aircraft carrier USS ''Enterprise'' near
Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state ...
kills 27 and injures 314. *
January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...
– End of the siege of the
University of Tokyo , abbreviated as or UTokyo, is a public research university located in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Established in 1877, the university was the first Imperial University and is currently a Top Type university of the Top Global University Project b ...
, marking the beginning of the end for the 1968–69 Japanese university protests. * January 20
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
is sworn in as the 37th President of the United States. * January 22An assassination attempt is carried out on Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev by deserter Viktor Ilyin. One person is killed, several are injured.
Brezhnev Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev; uk, links= no, Леонід Ілліч Брежнєв, . (19 December 1906– 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union between 1964 and 198 ...
escaped unharmed. * January 27 ** Fourteen men, 9 of them
Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
, are executed in
Baghdad Baghdad (; ar, بَغْدَاد , ) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab world after Cairo. It is located on the Tigris near the ruins of the ancient city of Babylon and the Sassanid Persian capital of Ctesiphon. I ...
for spying for
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. ** Reverend Ian Paisley, Northern Irish Unionist leader and founder of the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster is jailed for three months for illegal assembly. *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
1969 Santa Barbara oil spill: A blowout on
Union Oil Union Oil Company of California, and its holding company Unocal Corporation, together known as Unocal was a major petroleum explorer and marketer in the late 19th century, through the 20th century, and into the early 21st century. It was headqu ...
's Platform A spills 80,000 to 100,000 barrels of crude oil into a channel and onto the beaches of
Santa Barbara County Santa Barbara County, California, officially the County of Santa Barbara, is located in Southern California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria. Santa Barba ...
in
Southern California Southern California (commonly shortened to SoCal) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. It includes the Los Angeles metropolitan area, the second most populous urban a ...
; on February 5 the oil spill closes Santa Barbara's harbor. The incident inspires
Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...
Senator
Gaylord Nelson Gaylord Anton Nelson (June 4, 1916July 3, 2005) was an American politician and environmentalist from Wisconsin who served as a United States senator and governor. He was a member of the Democratic Party and the founder of Earth Day, which launch ...
to organize the first Earth Day in
1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and ...
.


February

* February 4 – In
Cairo Cairo ( ; ar, القاهرة, al-Qāhirah, ) is the Capital city, capital of Egypt and its largest city, home to 10 million people. It is also part of the List of urban agglomerations in Africa, largest urban agglomeration in Africa, List of ...
,
Yasser Arafat Mohammed Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf al-Qudwa al-Husseini (4 / 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat ( , ; ar, محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات القدوة الحسيني, Mu ...
is elected Palestine Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress. *
February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. *1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...
** The Allende meteorite explodes over Mexico. ** After 147 years, the last weekly issue of ''
The Saturday Evening Post ''The Saturday Evening Post'' is an American magazine, currently published six times a year. It was issued weekly under this title from 1897 until 1963, then every two weeks until 1969. From the 1920s to the 1960s, it was one of the most widely ...
'' is published in the United States. (The magazine is later briefly resurrected as a monthly magazine.) *
February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland. *1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– The Boeing 747 "jumbo jet" is flown for the first time, taking off from the Boeing airfield at
Everett, Washington Everett is the county seat and largest city of Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is north of Seattle and is one of the main cities in the metropolitan area and the Puget Sound region. Everett is the seventh-largest city in the ...
. * February 13Front de libération du Québec (FLQ) terrorists bomb the
Montreal Stock Exchange The Montreal Exchange (MX; french: Bourse de Montréal), formerly the Montreal Stock Exchange (MSE), is a derivatives exchange, located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada that trades futures contracts and options on equities, indices, currencies, ETFs, ...
. * February 14
Pope Paul VI Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
issues ''
Mysterii Paschalis ''Mysterii Paschalis'' is an apostolic letter issued ''motu proprio'' (that is, "of his own accord") by Pope Paul VI on 14 February 1969. It reorganized the liturgical year of the Roman Rite and revised the liturgical celebrations of Jesus C ...
'', a ''
motu proprio In law, ''motu proprio'' (Latin for "on his own impulse") describes an official act taken without a formal request from another party. Some jurisdictions use the term ''sua sponte'' for the same concept. In Catholic canon law, it refers to a ...
'', deleting many names from the
Roman calendar of saints The General Roman Calendar is the liturgical calendar that indicates the dates of celebrations of saints and mysteries of the Lord (Jesus Christ) in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, wherever this liturgical rite is in use. These cele ...
(including Valentine, who was celebrated on this day). * February 17Aquanaut
Berry L. Cannon Berry Louis Cannon (March 22, 1935 – February 17, 1969) was an American aquanaut who served on the SEALAB II and III projects of the U.S. Navy. Cannon died of carbon dioxide poisoning while attempting to repair SEALAB III. It was later found ...
dies of carbon dioxide poisoning while attempting to repair the
SEALAB III SEALAB I, II, and III were experimental underwater habitats developed by the United States Navy in the 1960s to prove the viability of saturation diving and humans living in isolation for extended periods of time. The knowledge gained from the ...
habitat off
San Clemente Island, California San Clemente Island (Tongva: ''Kinkipar''; Spanish: ''Isla de San Clemente'') is the southernmost of the Channel Islands of California. It is owned and operated by the United States Navy, and is a part of Los Angeles County. It is administered ...
. * February 24 – The
Mariner 6 A sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer is a person who works aboard a watercraft as part of its crew, and may work in any one of a number of different fields that are related to the operation and maintenance of a ship. The profession of the s ...
Mars probe is launched from the United States.


March

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cut o ...
** In
Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Pa ...
, France the first
Concorde The Aérospatiale/BAC Concorde () is a retired Franco-British supersonic airliner jointly developed and manufactured by Sud Aviation (later Aérospatiale) and the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC). Studies started in 1954, and France an ...
test flight is conducted. **
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
and Chinese forces clash at a border outpost on the
Ussuri River The Ussuri or Wusuli (russian: Уссури; ) is a river that runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia and the southeast region of Northeast China. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the S ...
. *
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
** Apollo program:
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
launches
Apollo 9 Apollo 9 (March 313, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the ful ...
(
James McDivitt James Alton McDivitt (June 10, 1929 – October 13, 2022) was an American test pilot, United States Air Force (USAF) pilot, aeronautical engineer, and NASA astronaut in the Gemini and Apollo programs. He joined the USAF in 1951 and flew 1 ...
,
Rusty Schweickart Russell Louis "Rusty" Schweickart (also Schweikart; born October 25, 1935) is an American aeronautical engineer, and a former NASA astronaut, research scientist, U.S. Air Force fighter pilot, as well as a former business executive and governme ...
,
David Scott David Randolph Scott (born June 6, 1932) is an American retired test pilot and NASA astronaut who was the seventh person to walk on the Moon. Selected as part of the third group of astronauts in 1963, Scott flew to space three times and ...
) to test the lunar module. ** In a
Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, largest city in the U.S. state, state of California and the List of United States cities by population, sec ...
court,
Sirhan Sirhan Sirhan Bishara Sirhan (; ar, سرحان بشارة سرحان ''Sirḥān Bišāra Sirḥān'', born March 19, 1944) is a Palestinian Jordanian man who was convicted for the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. Kennedy, a United States Sena ...
admits that he killed presidential candidate
Robert F. Kennedy Robert Francis Kennedy (November 20, 1925June 6, 1968), also known by his initials RFK and by the nickname Bobby, was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 64th United States Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964, ...
. *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
Apollo program:
Apollo 9 Apollo 9 (March 313, 1969) was the third human spaceflight in NASA's Apollo program. Flown in low Earth orbit, it was the second crewed Apollo mission that the United States launched via a Saturn V rocket, and was the first flight of the ful ...
returns safely to Earth after testing the Lunar Module. *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang. *1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
Viasa Flight 742 crashes into a neighborhood in Maracaibo,
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
, shortly after taking off for
Miami Miami ( ), officially the City of Miami, known as "the 305", "The Magic City", and "Gateway to the Americas", is a coastal metropolis and the county seat of Miami-Dade County in South Florida, United States. With a population of 442,241 at ...
; all 84 people on board the DC-9 jet are killed along with 71 people on the ground. *
March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
**
Golda Meir Golda Meir, ; ar, جولدا مائير, Jūldā Māʾīr., group=nb (born Golda Mabovitch; 3 May 1898 – 8 December 1978) was an Israeli politician, teacher, and '' kibbutznikit'' who served as the fourth prime minister of Israel from 1969 to ...
becomes the first female prime minister of
Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
. ** The
Longhope Longhope is a village in west Gloucestershire, situated within the Forest of Dean, England, United Kingdom. Arthur Bullock, who was born in Longhope in 1899, described its location as follows: * The parish occupies the most easterly valley in t ...
life-boat is lost after answering a mayday call during severe storms in the
Pentland Firth The Pentland Firth ( gd, An Caol Arcach, meaning the Orcadian Strait) is a strait which separates the Orkney Islands from Caithness in the north of Scotland. Despite the name, it is not a firth. Etymology The name is presumed to be a corrup ...
between Orkney and the northern tip of Scotland; the entire crew of 8 die. *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
– An annular solar eclipse is visible in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, and is the 49th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 129. *
March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...
**One hundred of the 105 passengers and crew on a United Arab Airlines flight, most of them Muslim pilgrims returning to Aswan from Mecca, are killed when the Ilyushin-18 turboprop crashes during a sandstorm. **
John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
and
Yoko Ono Yoko Ono ( ; ja, 小野 洋子, Ono Yōko, usually spelled in katakana ; born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist. Her work also encompasses performance art and filmmaking. Ono grew up i ...
are married at
Gibraltar ) , anthem = " God Save the King" , song = " Gibraltar Anthem" , image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg , map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe , map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green , mapsize = , image_map2 = Gib ...
, and proceed to their honeymoon "
Bed-In The Bed-ins for Peace were two week-long nonviolent protests against wars, intended as experimental tests of new ways to promote peace. As the Vietnam War raged in 1969, John Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono held one protest at the Hilton Hotel in Ams ...
" for peace in
Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban ar ...
. *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
**UCLA wins its third consecutive NCAA basketball championship by defeating Purdue University, 92 to 72. **The landmark art exhibition ''When Attitudes become Form'', curated by
Harald Szeemann '' Harald Szeemann (11 June 1933 – 18 February 2005) was a Swiss curator, artist, and art historian. Having curated more than 200 exhibitions, many of which have been characterized as groundbreaking, Szeemann is said to have helped redefine the ro ...
, opens at the
Kunsthalle Bern The Kunsthalle Bern is a ''Kunsthalle'' (art exposition hall) on the Helvetiaplatz in Bern, Switzerland. It was built in 1917–1918 by the Kunsthalle Bern Association and opened on October 5, 1918. Since then, it has been the site of numerous ex ...
in Bern, Switzerland. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
Pope Paul VI Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
increases the number of Roman Catholic cardinals by one-third, from 101 to 134. *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– The
Eurovision Song Contest 1969 The Eurovision Song Contest 1969 was the 14th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Madrid, Spain, following the country's victory at the with the song "La, la, la" by Massiel. Organised by the European Broadcasting U ...
is held in Madrid, and results in four co-winners, with 18 votes each, from Spain, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and France. *
March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Balkan Campaign: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic hordes are decimated by the plague. *1282 &ndash ...
– The body of former United States General and President
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
is brought by caisson to the
United States Capitol The United States Capitol, often called The Capitol or the Capitol Building, is the seat of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, which is formally known as the United States Congress. It is located on Capitol Hill ...
to lie in state in the Capitol Rotunda; Eisenhower had died two days earlier, after a long illness, in the
Walter Reed Army Medical Center The Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC)known as Walter Reed General Hospital (WRGH) until 1951was the United States Army, U.S. Army's flagship medical center from 1909 to 2011. Located on in the Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, it se ...
, Washington, D.C. * March 31 – The
Barroterán coal mine disaster Mina de Barroterán coal mine disaster occurred on March 31, 1969, and 153 miners were killed. This was the second worst disaster in Mexico's coal mining history, second only to the Mina Rosita Vieja disaster of 1908. During the 19th, 20th and 21s ...
kills 153 coal miners in
Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
.


April

* April 4 – Dr. Denton Cooley implants the first temporary
artificial heart An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to heart transplantation, or to permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, exper ...
. * April 8 – The
Montreal Expos The Montreal Expos (french: link=no, Les Expos de Montréal) were a Canadian professional baseball team based in Montreal, Quebec. The Expos were the first Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise located outside the United States. They played in t ...
become
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
's first team outside the United States. *
April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, su ...
– Fermín Monasterio Pérez is murdered by the
ETA Eta (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἦτα ''ē̂ta'' or ell, ήτα ''ita'' ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel . Originally denoting the voiceless glottal fricative in most dialects, ...
in
Biscay Biscay (; eu, Bizkaia ; es, Vizcaya ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the Basque Country, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao. B ...
,
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
; the 4th victim in the name of
Basque nationalism Basque nationalism ( eu, eusko abertzaletasuna ; es, nacionalismo vasco; french: nationalisme basque) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the poli ...
. * April 13
Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , establishe ...
: The Brisbane Tramways end service after 84 years of operation. *
April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– The
EC-121 shootdown incident On 15 April 1969, DPRK supreme leader Kim Il-sung's 57th birthday a United States Navy Lockheed EC-121M Warning Star of Fleet Air Reconnaissance Squadron One ( VQ-1) on a reconnaissance mission was shot down by a North Korean MiG-21 aircraft o ...
:
North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu (Amnok) and T ...
shoots down the aircraft over the
Sea of Japan The Sea of Japan is the marginal sea between the Japanese archipelago, Sakhalin, the Korean Peninsula, and the mainland of the Russian Far East. The Japanese archipelago separates the sea from the Pacific Ocean. Like the Mediterranean Sea, i ...
, killing all 31 on board. *
April 17 Events Pre-1600 *1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. *1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...
Sirhan Bishara Sirhan is found guilty of the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. *
April 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1601–1900 *1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. *1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys ...
– British troops arrive in
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
to reinforce the Royal Ulster Constabulary. *
April 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil. * 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. *1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern h ...
Robin Knox-Johnston Sir William Robert Patrick Knox-Johnston (born 17 March 1939) is a British sailor. In 1969, he became the first person to perform a single-handed non-stop circumnavigation of the globe. Along with Sir Peter Blake, he won the second Jules Ve ...
becomes the first person to sail around the world solo without stopping. *
April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ...
Charles de Gaulle steps down as president of
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
after suffering defeat in a referendum the day before.


May

*
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
**
Zakir Husain Zakir Husain Khan (8 February 1897 – 3 May 1969) was an Indian educationist and politician who served as the third president of India from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. Born in Hyderabad in a Afridi Pashtun family, Husain ...
, President of India, dies due to a heart attack. ** In a repeat of the previous season's hockey finals, the
Montreal Canadiens The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...
defeat the
St. Louis Blues The St. Louis Blues are a professional ice hockey team based in St. Louis. The Blues compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The franchise was founded in 1967 as one of the ...
four games to none to win the Stanley Cup. * May 10 – The Battle of Dong Ap Bia, also known as
Hamburger Hill ''Hamburger Hill'' is a 1987 American war film set during the Battle of Hamburger Hill, a May 1969 assault during the Vietnam War by the U.S. Army's 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile) "Screaming Eagles" on a rid ...
, begins during the
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
. *
May 13 Events Pre-1600 *1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''. * 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...
May 13 Incident: Race riots occur in
Kuala Lumpur , anthem = ''Maju dan Sejahtera'' , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , sub ...
,
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
. *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– Colonel Muammar Gaddafi visits Mecca,
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
. *
May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
– An American teenager known as ' Robert R.' dies in
St. Louis, Missouri St. Louis () is the second-largest city in Missouri, United States. It sits near the confluence of the Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers. In 2020, the city proper had a population of 301,578, while the bi-state metropolitan area, which e ...
, of a baffling medical condition. In 1984 it will be identified as the earliest confirmed case of
HIV/AIDS Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus. Following initial infection an individual ...
in North America. * May 16
Venera program The Venera (, , which means "Venus" in Russian) program was the name given to a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather information about the planet Venus. Ten probes successfully landed on the s ...
:
Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...
space probe
Venera 5 Venera 5 (russian: Венера-5 meaning ''Venus 5'') was a space probe in the Soviet space program ''Venera'' for the exploration of Venus. Venera 5 was launched towards Venus to obtain atmospheric data. The spacecraft was very similar to V ...
lands on
Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...
. *
May 17 Events Pre-1600 *1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. *1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Flo ...
– Venera program: Soviet space probe
Venera 6 Venera 6 (''russian: link=no, Венера-6'' meaning ''Venus 6''), or 2V (V-69) No.331, was a Soviet spacecraft, launched towards Venus to obtain atmospheric data. It had an on-orbit dry mass of . The spacecraft was very similar to Venera 4 ...
begins to descend into
Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never f ...
's atmosphere, sending back atmospheric data before being crushed by pressure. *
May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...
Apollo program:
Apollo 10 Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, and ...
(
Gene Cernan Eugene Andrew Cernan (; March 14, 1934 – January 16, 2017) was an American astronaut, naval aviator, electrical engineer, aeronautical engineer, and fighter pilot. During the Apollo 17 mission, Cernan became the eleventh human being to ...
, Tom Stafford,
John Young John Young may refer to: Academics * John Young (professor of Greek) (died 1820), Scottish professor of Greek at the University of Glasgow * John C. Young (college president) (1803–1857), American educator, pastor, and president of Centre Col ...
) is launched. It is to be a full rehearsal for the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
landing, stopping 15 kilometers short of actually reaching the lunar surface. *
May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose her ...
United States National Guard The National Guard is a state-based military force that becomes part of the reserve components of the United States Army and the United States Air Force when activated for federal missions.California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the m ...
. *
May 21 Events Pre-1600 * 293 – Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Galerius as ''Caesar'' to Diocletian, beginning the period of four rulers known as the Tetrarchy. * 878 – Syracuse, Sicily, is captured by the Muslim Aghlabi ...
– ''
Rosariazo The Rosariazo () was a protest movement that consisted in demonstrations and strikes, in Rosario, , between May and September 1969, during the military dictatorial rule of ''de facto'' President General Juan Carlos Onganía. The Rosariazo was ...
'': Civil unrest breaks out in
Rosario, Argentina Rosario () is the largest city in the central Argentine province of Santa Fe. The city is located northwest of Buenos Aires, on the west bank of the Paraná River. Rosario is the third-most populous city in the country, and is also the most po ...
, following the death of a 15-year-old student. *
May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. * 1 ...
– Apollo program:
Apollo 10 Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, and ...
's lunar module flies to within 15,400 m of the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
's surface. *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
** The Andean Pact (Andean Group) is established. ** Apollo program:
Apollo 10 Apollo 10 (May 18–26, 1969) was a human spaceflight, the fourth crewed mission in the United States Apollo program, and the second (after Apollo8) to orbit the Moon. NASA described it as a "dress rehearsal" for the first Moon landing, and ...
returns to
Earth Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...
, after a successful 8-day test of all the components needed for the upcoming first manned
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
landing. *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Sack of Rome: Vandals enter Rome, and plunder the city for two weeks. * 1098 – First Crusade: The first Siege of Antioch ends as Crusader forces take the city; the second siege began five days later. 1601 ...
John Lennon John Winston Ono Lennon (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace activist who achieved worldwide fame as founder, co-songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of ...
and
Yoko Ono Yoko Ono ( ; ja, 小野 洋子, Ono Yōko, usually spelled in katakana ; born February 18, 1933) is a Japanese multimedia artist, singer, songwriter, and peace activist. Her work also encompasses performance art and filmmaking. Ono grew up i ...
conduct their second
Bed-In The Bed-ins for Peace were two week-long nonviolent protests against wars, intended as experimental tests of new ways to promote peace. As the Vietnam War raged in 1969, John Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono held one protest at the Hilton Hotel in Ams ...
. The follow-up to the Amsterdam event is held at the
Queen Elizabeth Hotel Fairmont The Queen Elizabeth (french: Fairmont Le Reine Élizabeth) is a historic grand hotel in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. With 950 rooms and 21 floors it is the largest hotel in the province of Quebec, and the second largest Fairmont hotel in ...
in
Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple ...
,
Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is one of the thirtee ...
. Lennon composes and records the song "
Give Peace a Chance "Give Peace a Chance" is an anti-war song written by John Lennon (originally credited to Lennon–McCartney), and recorded with the participation of a small group of friends in a performance with Yoko Ono in a hotel room in Montreal, Quebec, C ...
" during the event. *
May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. * 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops under ...
– ''
Cordobazo The Cordobazo was a civil uprising in the city of Córdoba, Argentina, at the end of May 1969, during the military dictatorship of General Juan Carlos Onganía, which occurred a few days after the '' Rosariazo'', and a year after the global protes ...
'': A general strike and civil unrest break out in Córdoba, Argentina. * May 30Riots in Curaçao mark the start of an Afro-Caribbean
civil rights Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life o ...
movement on the island.


June

*
June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...
– While operating at sea on SEATO maneuvers, the Australian aircraft carrier HMAS ''Melbourne'' accidentally rams and slices into the American destroyer USS ''Frank E. Evans'' in the South China Sea, killing 74 American seamen. * June 5 – An international communist conference begins in
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
Francisco Franco orders the closing of the
Gibraltar–Spain border The Gibraltar–Spain border is the international boundary between the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar and the Kingdom of Spain. It is also referred to as "The Fence of Gibraltar" () or simply "The Fence". The border runs east–wes ...
and communications between
Gibraltar ) , anthem = " God Save the King" , song = " Gibraltar Anthem" , image_map = Gibraltar location in Europe.svg , map_alt = Location of Gibraltar in Europe , map_caption = United Kingdom shown in pale green , mapsize = , image_map2 = Gib ...
and Spain in response to the
1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establishing full consular and ...
Gibraltar sovereignty referendum. The border remains closed until a partial reopening on December 15, 1982. *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
– U.S. President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
and South Vietnamese President
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), becam ...
meet at
Midway Island Midway Atoll (colloquial: Midway Islands; haw, Kauihelani, translation=the backbone of heaven; haw, Pihemanu, translation=the loud din of birds, label=none) is a atoll in the North Pacific Ocean. Midway Atoll is an insular area of the Unit ...
. Nixon announces that 25,000 U.S. troops will be withdrawn by September. *
June 15 Events Pre-1600 * 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history. * 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II. * 923 – Battle of So ...
Georges Pompidou Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou ( , ; 5 July 19112 April 1974) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1969 until his death in 1974. He previously was Prime Minister of France of President Charles de Gaulle from 1962 to 196 ...
is elected President of France. *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
– After a 23-game match, Boris Spassky defeats
Tigran Petrosian Tigran Vartanovich Petrosian (, ; 17 June 1929 – 13 August 1984) was a Soviet-Armenian chess grandmaster, and World Chess Champion from 1963 to 1969. He was nicknamed "Iron Tigran" due to his almost-impenetrable defensive playing style ...
to become the World Chess Champion in Moscow. *
June 24 Events Pre-1600 *1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– The
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
and Rhodesia sever diplomatic relations, after the Rhodesian constitutional referendum. *
June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. *1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...
– Gay intercourse is officially legalized in Canada. * June 28 – The Stonewall riots, a milestone in the modern
gay rights movement Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) movements are social movements that advocate for LGBT people in society. Some focus on equal rights, such as the ongoing movement for same-sex marriage, while others focus on liberation, as in the ...
in the United States, began in
New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...
.


July

*
July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
– French is made equal to English throughout the Canadian national government. * July 8
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: The very first U.S. troop withdrawals are made. *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. * 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. * 142 ...
**
Football War The Football War ( es, La guerra del fútbol; colloquial: Soccer War), also known as the Hundred Hours' War or 100 Hour War, was a brief military conflict fought between El Salvador and Honduras in 1969. Existing tensions between the two countr ...
: After Honduras loses an association football match against El Salvador, rioting breaks out in Honduras against Salvadoran migrant workers. Of the 300,000 Salvadoran workers in Honduras, tens of thousands are expelled, prompting a brief Salvadoran invasion of Honduras. The
OAS OAS or Oas may refer to: Chemistry * O-Acetylserine, amino-acid involved in cysteine synthesis Computers * Open-Architecture-System, the main user interface of Wersi musical keyboards * OpenAPI Specification (originally Swagger Specification) ...
works out a cease-fire on
July 18 Events Pre-1600 * 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army. * 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...
, which takes effect on
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
. ** The
Act of Free Choice The Act of Free Choice ( id, Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat, PEPERA, Determination of the People's Opinion) was a controversial plebiscite held between 14 July and 2 August 1969 in which 1,025 people selected by the Indonesian military in Western New ...
for
West Irian Western New Guinea, also known as Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, or Indonesian Papua, is the western half of the Melanesian island of New Guinea which is administered by Indonesia. Since the island is alternatively named as Papua, the region ...
commences in
Merauke Merauke is a large town and the capital of the South Papua province, Indonesia. It is also the administrative centre of Merauke Regency in South Papua. It is considered the easternmost city in Indonesia. The town was originally called Ermasoe. It ...
,
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
. *
July 16 Events Pre-1600 * 622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar. * 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece. * 1 ...
Apollo program:
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, ...
(
Buzz Aldrin Buzz Aldrin (; born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American former astronaut, engineer and fighter pilot. He made three spacewalks as pilot of the 1966 Gemini 12 mission. As the Lunar Module ''Eagle'' pilot on the 1969 A ...
, Neil Armstrong,
Michael Collins Michael Collins or Mike Collins most commonly refers to: * Michael Collins (Irish leader) (1890–1922), Irish revolutionary leader, soldier, and politician * Michael Collins (astronaut) (1930–2021), American astronaut, member of Apollo 11 and Ge ...
) lifts off from
Cape Kennedy , image = cape canaveral.jpg , image_size = 300 , caption = View of Cape Canaveral from space in 1991 , map = Florida#USA , map_width = 300 , type =Cape , map_caption = Location in Florida , location ...
in Florida towards the first manned landing on the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
. *
July 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 64 – The Great Fire of Rome causes widespread devastation and rages on for six days, destroying half of the city. * 484 – Leontius, Roman usurper, is crowned Eastern emperor at Tarsus (modern Turkey). He is ...
**
Chappaquiddick incident The Chappaquiddick incident occurred on Chappaquiddick Island in Massachusetts some time around midnight between July 18 and 19, 1969, when Senator Edward M. "Ted" Kennedy negligently drove his car off a narrow bridge, causing it to overturn ...
: US Senator Edward M. Kennedy drives off a bridge into a tidal pond after leaving a party on
Chappaquiddick Island Chappaquiddick Island (Massachusett language: ''tchepi-aquidenet''; colloquially known as "Chappy"), a part of the town of Edgartown, Massachusetts, is a small peninsula and occasional island on the eastern end of Martha's Vineyard. Norton Poi ...
,
Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...
, killing
Mary Jo Kopechne Mary Jo Kopechne (; July 26, 1940 – July 18 or 19, 1969) was an American secretary, and one of the campaign workers for U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy's 1968 presidential campaign, a close team known as the " Boiler Room Girls". In 1969, she ...
. Kennedy does not report the accident for nine or ten hours. **
John Fairfax John Fairfax (24 October 1804 – 16 June 1877) was an English-born journalist, company director, politician, librarian and newspaper owner, known for the incorporation of the major newspapers of modern-day Australia. Early life Fairfax was bo ...
lands in Hollywood Beach, Florida, United States and becomes the first person to row across an ocean solo, after 180 days spent at sea on board the 25' ocean rowboat ''Britannia'' (left
Gran Canaria Gran Canaria (, ; ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, an archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa which is part of Spain. the island had a population of that ...
on January 20, 1969). *
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
** Apollo program
Moon landing A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both crewed and robotic missions. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2, on 13 September 1959. The United S ...
: At 3:17 pm ET (20:17 UTC)
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, ...
's Lunar Module ''Eagle'' lands on the Moon's surface. At 10:56 pm ET (02:56 UTC July 21), an estimated 650 million people worldwide, the largest television audience for a live broadcast at this time, watch in awe as Neil Armstrong takes his first historic steps on the surface. ** 1969 Tour de France: Belgian
Eddy Merckx Édouard Louis Joseph, Baron Merckx (, ; born 17 June 1945), better known as Eddy Merckx, is a Belgian former professional road and track bicycle racer who is among the most successful riders in the history of competitive cycling. His victorie ...
wins the cycle race for the first time. *
July 22 Events Pre-1600 * 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids. *1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of J ...
– Spanish dictator and head of state Francisco Franco appoints Prince
Juan Carlos Juan Carlos I (;, * ca, Joan Carles I, * gl, Xoán Carlos I, Juan Carlos Alfonso Víctor María de Borbón y Borbón-Dos Sicilias, born 5 January 1938) is a member of the Spanish royal family who reigned as King of Spain from 22 Novem ...
to be his successor as head of state following his death. *
July 24 Events Pre-1600 *1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. *1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirl ...
**
Apollo 11 Apollo 11 (July 16–24, 1969) was the American spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin landed the Apollo Lunar Module ''Eagle'' on July 20, 1969, at 20:17 UTC, ...
returns from the first successful Moon landing and the astronauts are placed in biological isolation for several days in case they may have brought back lunar germs. The airless lunar environment is later determined to rule out microscopic life. ** The
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
returns British lecturer Gerald Brooke to the United Kingdom freed from a Soviet prison in exchange for their spies Peter and Helen Kroger (
Morris Morris may refer to: Places Australia *St Morris, South Australia, place in South Australia Canada * Morris Township, Ontario, now part of the municipality of Morris-Turnberry * Rural Municipality of Morris, Manitoba ** Morris, Manitob ...
and
Lona Cohen Lona Cohen (, ''Leontina Vladislavovna Koen''; January 11, 1913 – December 23, 1992), born Leontine Theresa Petka, also known as Helen Kroger, was an American who spied for the Soviet Union. She is known for her role in smuggling atomic bomb ...
). *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
– A 6.4 earthquake shakes the Chinese city of
Yangjiang Yangjiang (, ), alternately romanized as Yeungkong, is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Guangdong Province in the People's Republic of China. It borders Maoming to the west, Yunfu to the north, Jiangmen to the east, and looks out to the S ...
destroying thousands of homes and killing 3,000 people. *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islan ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: U.S. President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam, meeting with President
Nguyễn Văn Thiệu Nguyễn Văn Thiệu (; 5 April 1923 – 29 September 2001) was a South Vietnamese military officer and politician who was the president of South Vietnam from 1967 to 1975. He was a general in the Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces (RVNAF), becam ...
and U.S. military commanders. * July 31
Pope Paul VI Pope Paul VI ( la, Paulus VI; it, Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini, ; 26 September 18976 August 1978) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 21 June 1963 to his death in Augus ...
arrives in
Entebbe Entebbe is a city in Central Uganda. Located on a Lake Victoria peninsula, approximately southwest of the Ugandan capital city, Kampala. Entebbe was once the seat of government for the Protectorate of Uganda prior to independence, in 1962. T ...
,
Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa. The country is bordered to the east by Kenya, to the north by South Sudan, to the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to the south-west by Rwanda, and to the south by Tanzania. The sou ...
for the first visit by a reigning
Pope The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...
to
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
.


August

*
August 4 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: At the apartment of French intermediary Jean Sainteny in Paris, U.S. representative
Henry Kissinger Henry Alfred Kissinger (; ; born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is a German-born American politician, diplomat, and geopolitical consultant who served as United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presid ...
and North Vietnamese representative
Xuan Thuy Xuan () may refer to: * Xuancheng, formerly Xuan Prefecture (Xuanzhou), Anhui, China ** Xuanzhou District, seat of Xuancheng and Xuan Prefecture ** Xuan paper, from Xuan Prefecture * Xuan (surname), Chinese surname * Xuan (given name) Chinese r ...
begin secret peace negotiations. They eventually fail since the two sides cannot agree to any terms. *
August 5 Events Pre-1600 *AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty. * 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
Mariner program The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the in ...
:
Mariner 7 A sailor, seaman, mariner, or seafarer is a person who works aboard a watercraft as part of its crew, and may work in any one of a number of different fields that are related to the operation and maintenance of a ship. The profession of the s ...
makes its closest fly-by of
Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System, only being larger than Mercury. In the English language, Mars is named for the Roman god of war. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin at ...
(). *
August 13 Events Pre-1600 *29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Emp ...
Serious border clashes occur between the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and the People's Republic of China. * August 14
The Troubles The Troubles ( ga, Na Trioblóidí) were an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998. Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as an " ...
: British troops are deployed in
Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...
to restore order following three days of political and sectarian violence, marking the beginning of the 37-year
Operation Banner Operation Banner was the operational name for the British Armed Forces' operation in Northern Ireland from 1969 to 2007, as part of the Troubles. It was the longest continuous deployment in British military history. The British Army was initial ...
. *
August 15 Events Pre-1600 * 636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins. * 717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Const ...
18 – The
Woodstock Festival Woodstock Music and Art Fair, commonly referred to as Woodstock, was a music festival held during August 15–18, 1969, on Max Yasgur's dairy farm in Bethel, New York, United States, southwest of the town of Woodstock. Billed as "an Aquar ...
is held near White Lake, New York, featuring some of the top rock musicians of the era. * August 17 – Category 5 Hurricane Camille hits the Mississippi coast, killing 248 people and causing US$1.5 billion in damage (1969 USD). * August 21 ** Australian Denis Michael Rohan sets the Qibli Mosque, Al-Aqsa Mosque on fire. ** Strong violence on demonstration in Prague and Brno, Czechoslovakia. Military force contra citizens. Prague Spring, Prague spring finally beaten. * August 29 – A Trans World Airlines flight from Rome to Tel Aviv is TWA Flight 840 hijacking, hijacked and diverted to Syria.


September

* September 1 ** 1969 Libyan coup d'état: A bloodless coup in Libya ousts King Idris I of Libya, Idris and brings Colonel Muammar Gaddafi to power. ** For Brazil, the Jornal Nacional was created on Monday, 1 September 1969. * September 2 – Ho Chi Minh, the president of Democratic Republic of Vietnam, North Vietnam, dies at the age of 79. * September 5 – Lieutenant William Calley is charged with six counts of premeditated murder for the 1968 My Lai Massacre deaths of 109 Vietnamese civilians in My Lai, Vietnam. * September 9 – Allegheny Airlines Flight 853, a Douglas DC-9, DC-9 airliner, collides in flight with a small Piper PA-28 airplane, and crashes near Fairland, Indiana, killing all 83 people in both aircraft. * September 11 – An Solar eclipse of September 11, 1969, annular solar eclipse is visible in Pacific Ocean and South America, and is the 41st solar eclipse of Solar Saros 134. * September 22–September 25, 25 – An Islamic conference in Rabat, Morocco, following the al-Aqsa Mosque fire (August 21), condemns the Israeli claim of ownership of Jerusalem. * September 23 – China carries out an underground nuclear testing, underground nuclear bomb test. * September 25 – The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Organisation of the Islamic Conference is founded. * September 28 – 1969 West German federal election: The Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democrats, led by Vice Chancellor Willy Brandt, and the Free Democratic Party (Germany), Free Democrats led by Walter Scheel, formed a coalition government with Brandt as Chancellor, after the Social Democrats severed their relationship with Chancellor Kurt Georg Kiesinger's Christian Democratic Union.


October

* October 1 ** In Sweden, Olof Palme is elected Leader of the Social Democratic Worker's Party, replacing Tage Erlander as Prime Minister of Sweden, Prime Minister on October 14. ** The Beijing Subway begins operation. * October 2 – A 1.2 TNT equivalent, megaton thermonuclear device is tested at Amchitka Island, Alaska. This test is code-named Project Milrow, the 11th test of the Operation Mandrel 1969–
1970 Events January * January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC. * January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''). Between 10,000 and ...
underground nuclear test series. This test is known as a "calibration shot" to test if the island is fit for larger underground nuclear detonations. * October 5 – ''Sazae-san'' first airs on Fuji Television. * October 9–October 12, 12 – Days of Rage: In Chicago, the Illinois National Guard is called in to control demonstrations involving the radical Weatherman (organization), Weathermen, in connection with the "Chicago Eight" Trial. * October 11 – The Zodiac Killer shoots and kills taxi driver Paul Stine in the Presidio Heights neighborhood of San Francisco; this is the serial killer's last known murder. * October 11–October 16, 16 – The 1969 New York Mets season, New York Mets upset the 1969 Baltimore Orioles season, Baltimore Orioles four games to one in the 1969 World Series, World Series. * October 15 ** Radio Philippines Network, DZKB-TV Channel 9, the Philippines TV station, owned by Roberto S. Benedicto, is launched. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: Hundreds of thousands of people take part in Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam demonstrations across the United States. * October 17 – Willard S. Boyle and George Smith invent the Charge-coupled device, CCD at Bell Laboratories (30 years later, this technology is widely used in digital cameras). * October 20 – Experimental research showing that protons were composed of smaller particles, the first evidence of quarks, is published. * October 21 ** Willy Brandt becomes Chancellor of West Germany. ** General Siad Barre comes to power in Somalia in a coup, 6 days after the assassination of President Abdirashid Ali Shermarke. * October 25 – 1969 Australian federal election: John Gorton's Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal/National Party of Australia, Country Coalition (Australia), Coalition Gorton Government, Government is narrowly re-elected with a sharply reduced majority, defeating a resurgent Australian Labor Party, Labor Party led by Gough Whitlam. Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister Gorton survived a Liberal Party of Australia leadership spill, 1969, leadership challenge by his deputy William McMahon as well as David Fairbairn (politician), David Fairbairn in the immediate aftermath of the election. * October 29 – The first message is sent over ARPANET, the forerunner of the internet.


November

* November 3] – Süleyman Demirel of Justice Party (Turkey), AP forms the new government of Turkey (31st government). * November 14 ** Apollo program:
NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...
launches Apollo 12 (Pete Conrad, Richard F. Gordon, Jr., Richard Gordon, Alan Bean), the second manned mission to the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
. ** The SS United States, the last active United States Lines passenger ship, is withdrawn from service. * November 15 – Cold War: The Soviet submarine K-19 collides with the American submarine USS Gato (SSN-615), USS ''Gato'' in the Barents Sea. * November 17 – Cold War: Negotiators from the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
and the United States meet in Helsinki, to begin the SALT I negotiations aimed at limiting the number of strategic weapons on both sides. * November 19 ** Apollo program: Apollo 12 astronauts Pete Conrad, Charles Conrad and Alan Bean land at Oceanus Procellarum ("Ocean of Storms"), becoming the third and fourth humans to walk on the
Moon The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System and the largest and most massive relative to its parent planet, with a diameter about one-quarter that of Earth (comparable to the width of ...
. ** Professional footballer Pelé scores his 1,000th goal. **
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: A Cleveland, Ohio newspaper, ''The Plain Dealer'', publishes explicit photographs of dead villagers from the My Lai Massacre in Vietnam. ** Richard Oakes (activist), Richard Oakes returns with 90 followers to Alcatraz Island and begins a 19 month long occupation, lasting until June 1971. * November 21 ** U.S. President
Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...
and Japanese Premier Eisaku Satō agree in Washington, D.C. to the return of Okinawa to Japanese control in 1972. Under the terms of the agreement, the U.S. retains rights to military bases on the island, but they must be nuclear-free. ** The first ARPANET link is established (the progenitor of the global Internet). * November 24 – Apollo program: The Apollo 12 spacecraft splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean, ending the second manned mission to the Moon.


December

* December 1 –
Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...
: The first Draft lottery (1969), draft lottery in the United States since World War II is held. September 14 is the first of the 366 days of the year selected, meaning that anyone born on September 14 in the years from 1944 to 1951 would be the first to be summoned. On January 4, 1970, ''The New York Times'' will run a long article, "Statisticians Charge Draft Lottery Was Not Random". * December 2 – The Boeing 747 jumbo jet makes its first passenger flight. It carries 191 people, most of them reporters and photographers, from Seattle to New York City. * December 12 – The Piazza Fontana bombing in Milan, Italy, kills 17 people and injures 88. * December 24 ** Charles Manson is allowed to defend himself at the Tate-LaBianca murder trial. ** The oil company Phillips Petroleum made the first oil discovery in the Norwegian sector of North Sea. ** Nigerian troops capture Umuahia. The last Biafran capital before its dissolution becomes Owerri. * December 27 – The Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), Liberal Democratic Party wins 47.6% of the votes in the 1969 Japanese general election. Future prime ministers Yoshirō Mori and Tsutomu Hata and future kingmaker Ichirō Ozawa are elected for the first time.


Date unknown

* Summer – Invention of Unix under the potential name "Unics" (after Multics). * Common
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
n, Madagascar, Malagasy and Mauritius, Mauritian Organization (OCAMM) (Organisation Commune Africaine Malgache et Mauricienne) is established. * International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, a maritime treaty, is adopted.


Births


January

* January 1 – Verne Troyer, American actor (d. 2018) * January 2 ** Robby Gordon, American racing driver ** Tommy Morrison, American boxer (d. 2013) ** Christy Turlington, American fashion model * January 3 – Michael Schumacher, German seven-time Formula One world champion *
January 5 Events Pre-1600 *1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...
– Marilyn Manson, American rock musician * January 6 – Norman Reedus, American actor * January 7 – Alfredo Romero (activist), Alfredo Romero, Venezuelan activist *January 11 * Kyōko Hikami, Japanese voice actress * Kyle Richards, American actress * January 13 ** Beatriz Gutiérrez Müller, Mexican writer, wife of Andrés Manuel López Obrador ** Stephen Hendry, British snooker player * January 14 ** Jason Bateman, American actor, director and producer ** Dave Grohl, American rock drummer and composer * January 15 – Meret Becker, German actress and musician * January 16 – Dead (musician), Dead, Swedish vocalist (d. 1991) * January 17 – Lukas Moodysson, Swedish film director * January 27 ** Cornelius (musician), Cornelius, Japanese rock musician, singer and producer ** Patton Oswalt, American stand-up comedian, writer, actor and voice artist *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
– Kathryn Morris, American actress * January 29 – Hyde (musician), Hyde, Japanese rock musician, singer and guitarist


February

* February 1 ** Gabriel Batistuta, Argentine footballer ** Andrew Breitbart, American writer and publisher (d. 2012) * February 2 – Dambisa Moyo, Zambian-born economist * February 3 – Retief Goosen, South African golfer * February 5 ** Bobby Brown, African-American singer ** Michael Sheen, Welsh actor * February 6 – David Hayter, Canadian-American actor, voice actor, screenwriter, director, and producer * February 7 – Andrew Micallef, Maltese painter and musician * February 11 – Jennifer Aniston, American actress, director, producer and businesswoman * February 12 ** Darren Aronofsky, American filmmaker ** Hong Myung-bo, South Korean footballer ** Brad Werenka, Canadian ice-hockey player * February 13 ** Ahlam (singer), Ahlam, Arabic singer ** JB Blanc, French voice actor * February 14 – Nurserik Kudereev, Russian civil servant * February 15 ** Roberto Balado, Cuban boxer (d. 1994) ** Birdman (rapper), Birdman, American rapper, entertainer, and record producer * February 20 – Gedo (wrestler), Keiji Takayama, Japanese professional wrestler * February 21 ** James Dean Bradfield, Welsh singer-songwriter ** Bosson, Swedish singer-songwriter ** Petra Kronberger, Austrian alpine skier * February 23 ** Michael Campbell, New Zealand golfer ** Marc Wauters, Belgian cyclist * February 28 – Robert Sean Leonard, American actor


March

* March 1 – Javier Bardem, Spanish actor * March 4 ** Annie Yi, Annie Shizuka Inoh, Taiwanese actress ** Patrick Roach, Canadian actor * March 10 – Paget Brewster, American actress * March 11 ** Terrence Howard, American actor and singer ** Soraya (musician), Soraya, Colombian singer and multi-instrumentalist (d. 2006) * March 12 ** Graham Coxon, English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and painter ** Akemi Okamura, Japanese voice actress *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. *1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. *1591 – At the Battle of Tond ...
– Susanna Mälkki, Finnish conductor * March 15 ** Timo Kotipelto, Finnish musician ** Yutaka Take, Japanese jockey *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang. *1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
– Markus Lanz, German-Italian television presenter *
March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ei ...
– Alexander McQueen, British fashion designer (d. 2010) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. * 1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ara ...
** Vassily Ivanchuk, Ukrainian chess grandmaster ** Jimmy Morales, Guatemalan politician, 37th President of Guatemala * March 19 – Patrick Tam (actor), Patrick Tam, Hong Kong actor * March 21 – Ali Daei, Iranian football player *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 * 106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
– Tony Fadell, American engineeer, inventor, designer and entrepreneur (Nest Labs, Apple Inc) * March 24 – Stephan Eberharter, Austrian alpine skier * March 25 – Jeff Walker (musician), Jeffrey Walker, British musician * March 27 ** Mariah Carey, American pop singer ** Kevin Corrigan, American actor ** Pauley Perrette, American actress *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
– Rodney Atkins, American country music singer *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– Chiaki Ishikawa, Japanese singer (See-Saw (group), See-Saw)


April

* April 1 ** Fadl Shaker, Lebanese singer ** Andrew Vlahov, Australian basketball player * April 2 – Ajay Devgn, Ajay Devgan, Indian actor, director and producer * April 3 ** Ben Mendelsohn, Australian actor ** Lance Storm, Canadian professional wrestler * April 6 – Paul Rudd, American actor, comedian, writer and producer * April 11 ** Cerys Matthews, Welsh singer ** Caren Miosga, German journalist and television presenter ** Chisato Moritaka, Japanese singer * April 16 – Dawn Brancheau, American senior animal trainer (d. 2010) * April 18 ** Shannon Lee, Chinese-American actress ** Susan Polgár, Hungarian chess player *
April 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1601–1900 *1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. *1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys ...
– Marietta Slomka, German journalist * April 21 – Toby Stephens, English actor *
April 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil. * 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. *1529 – Treaty of Zaragoza divides the eastern h ...
– Dion Dublin, English footballer * April 23 – Yelena Shushunova, Soviet gymnast (d. 2018) * April 25 ** Vanessa Beecroft, Italian artist ** Gina Torres, American actress ** Renée Zellweger, American Academy Awards, Academy Award-winning actress and producer


May

* May 1 – Wes Anderson, American filmmaker * May 2 ** Brian Lara, Trinidadian cricketer. ** Corinna Schumacher, German animal rights activist and accomplished horse rider *
May 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1256 – The Augustinian monastic order is constituted at the Lecceto Monastery when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull ''Licet ecclesiae catholicae''. * 1415 – Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus ar ...
– Rabindra Prasad Adhikari, Nepalese politician (d. 2019) * May 5 – Hideki Irabu, Japanese baseball player (d. 2011) * May 6 – Jim Magilton, Northern Irish footballer * May 9 – Amber (singer), Amber, German musician * May 10 – Dennis Bergkamp, Dutch footballer *
May 13 Events Pre-1600 *1373 – Julian of Norwich has visions of Jesus while suffering from a life-threatening illness, visions which are later described and interpreted in her book '' Revelations of Divine Love''. * 1501 – Amerigo Vespu ...
** Nikos Aliagas, French-born television host ** Buckethead, Brian Carroll (aka Buckethead), American guitarist *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
– Cate Blanchett, Australian actress * May 16 ** David Boreanaz, American actor ** Tucker Carlson, American political commentator ** Steve Lewis (sprinter), Steve Lewis, American athlete *
May 21 Events Pre-1600 * 293 – Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Galerius as ''Caesar'' to Diocletian, beginning the period of four rulers known as the Tetrarchy. * 878 – Syracuse, Sicily, is captured by the Muslim Aghlabi ...
– Georgiy Gongadze, Ukrainian journalist (d. 2000) *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
– Siri Lindley, American triathlete * May 28 – Rob Ford, Canadian politician, 64th Mayor of Toronto (d. 2016)


June

*
June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...
– Takako Minekawa, Japanese musician, composer and writer * June 4 – Rob Huebel, American comedian * June 7 ** Alina Astafei, Romanian-German high jumper ** Prince Joachim of Denmark ** Kim Rhodes, American actress *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
– J. P. Manoux, American actor * June 11 ** Peter Dinklage, American actor ** Steven Drozd, American rock drummer ** Anatoliy Povedenok, Kazakh football player * June 12 ** Zsolt Daczi, Hungarian rock guitarist (d. 2007) ** Heinz-Christian Strache, Austrian politician * June 13 – Søren Rasted, Danish musician * June 14 ** Eugene Chung, Korean-American football player ** Steffi Graf, German tennis player *
June 15 Events Pre-1600 * 763 BC – Assyrians record a solar eclipse that is later used to fix the chronology of Mesopotamian history. * 844 – Louis II is crowned as king of Italy at Rome by pope Sergius II. * 923 – Battle of So ...
** Ice Cube, African-American rapper and actor ** Oliver Kahn, German football goalkeeper ** Jansher Khan, Pakistani squash player * June 16 – MC Ren, American rapper *
June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were bur ...
– Paul Tergat, Kenyan athlete * June 18 – Haki Doku, Albanian para-cyclist * June 19 – Trine Pallesen, Danish actress * June 20 ** Alexander Schallenberg, current Chancellor of Austria ** Paulo Bento, Portuguese football player and coach * June 23 ** Achinoam Nini, Noa, Israeli singer ** Fernanda Ribeiro, Portuguese long-distance runner *
June 24 Events Pre-1600 *1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...
– Sissel Kyrkjebø, Norwegian singer * June 30 – Sanath Jayasuriya, Sri Lankan cricketer


July

* July 2 ** Jenni Rivera, Mexican-American singer-songwriter, producer and actress (d. 2012) ** Tim Rodber, English rugby player * July 3 ** Gedeon Burkhard, German actor ** Shawnee Smith, American actress * July 5 – John LeClair, American hockey player *
July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...
** Sylke Otto, German luger ** Joe Sakic, Canadian hockey player ** Cree Summer, American-Canadian actress and singer * July 8 – Sugizo, Japanese guitarist and singer * July 9 – Munkhbayar Dorjsuren, Mongolian-German sport shooter * July 10 ** Gale Harold, American actor ** Hossan Leong, Singaporean stage and screen actor, television host, radio deejay and comedian ** Jonas Kaufmann, German operatic tenor ** Rami Makhlouf, Syrian businessman * July 11 – David Tao, Taiwanese singer-songwriter *
July 14 Events Pre-1600 * 982 – King Otto II and his Frankish army are defeated by the Muslim army of al-Qasim at Cape Colonna, Southern Italy. * 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II. * 142 ...
– Billy Herrington, American gay pornographic actor (d. 2018) *
July 16 Events Pre-1600 * 622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar. * 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece. * 1 ...
** Björn Dunkerbeck, Danish windsurfer ** Sahra Wagenknecht, German politician * July 17 ** Jason Clarke, Australian actor ** Ravi Kishan, Indian actor ** Kazuki Kitamura, Japanese actor *
July 18 Events Pre-1600 * 477 BC – Battle of the Cremera as part of the Roman–Etruscan Wars. Veii ambushes and defeats the Roman army. * 387 BC – Roman- Gaulish Wars: Battle of the Allia: A Roman army is defeated by raiding Gauls, l ...
– The Great Sasuke, Masanori Murakawa, Japanese wrestler *
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
** Josh Holloway, American actor ** Johnny Ngauamo, Tonga rugby union player * July 21 ** Avraam Russo, Russian singer ** Isabell Werth, German equestrian *
July 22 Events Pre-1600 * 838 – Battle of Anzen: The Byzantine emperor Theophilos suffers a heavy defeat by the Abbasids. *1099 – First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of J ...
** Jason Becker, American heavy metal guitarist, formerly of Cacophony ** James Arnold Taylor, American voice actor ** Despina Vandi, Greek singer * July 23 – Raphael Warnock, American pastor and junior senator from Georgia *
July 24 Events Pre-1600 *1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. *1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirl ...
– Jennifer Lopez, American actress and singer * July 25 – Annastacia Palaszczuk, Australian politician, Premier of Queensland *
July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is se ...
– Tanni Grey-Thompson, born Carys Grey, British Paralympian * July 27 ** Dacian Cioloș, 64th Prime Minister of Romania ** Pavel Hapal, Czech footballer ** Jonty Rhodes, South African cricketer ** Triple H (aka Paul Levesque), American wrestler * July 28 ** Michael Amott, Swedish guitarist and songwriter ** Alexis Arquette, American actress, cabaret performer, underground cartoonist, and activist (d. 2016) ** Dana White, American businessman and president of Ultimate Fighting Championship *
July 30 Events Pre-1600 * 762 – Baghdad is founded. *1419 – First Defenestration of Prague: A crowd of radical Hussites kill seven members of the Prague city council. * 1502 – Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islan ...
– Simon Baker, Australian-American actor and director * July 31 – Antonio Conte, Italian football player and manager


August

* August 2 ** Jan Axel Blomberg, Norwegian drummer ** Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer * August 3 – Anne Marie DeLuise, Canadian actress *
August 4 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Wéndi of Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assisted by the co-prime minister Gao Jiong), to conquer Goguryeo during th ...
** Max Cavalera, Brazilian musician and singer (Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, ex-Sepultura) ** Michael DeLuise, American actor * August 6 – Elliott Smith, American musician (d. 2003) * August 8 – Faye Wong, Hong Kong singer and actress * August 10 – Brian Drummond, Canadian voice actor * August 11 ** Vanderlei de Lima, Brazilian long-distance runner ** Ashley Jensen, British actress * August 12 – Tanita Tikaram, German-born British singer-songwriter *
August 13 Events Pre-1600 *29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Emp ...
– Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater *
August 15 Events Pre-1600 * 636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins. * 717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Const ...
** Justin Broadrick, British musician ** Kevin Cheng, Hong Kong television actor and singer ** Bernard Fanning, Australian musician (Powderfinger) **John Fetterman, American politician, Senator-elect of Pennsylvania * August 17 ** Christian Laettner, American professional basketball player ** Dick Togo, Japanese professional wrestler ** Donnie Wahlberg, American singer and actor (New Kids on the Block) * August 18 ** Edward Norton, American actor, film director, screenwriter, and social activist ** Christian Slater, American actor and producer ** Timothy Snyder, American author and historian * August 19 ** Nate Dogg, African-American rapper (d. 2011) ** Matthew Perry, American actor * August 28 – Jack Black, American actor and musician * August 29 – Lucero (entertainer), Lucero, Mexican singer and actress * August 30 – Kent Osborne, American actor and producer


September

* September 3 – Robert Karlsson, Swedish golfer * September 4 – Giorgi Margvelashvili, politician; 4th President of the Georgia (country), Republic of Georgia * September 6 – Cece Peniston, American musician * September 7 – Diane Farr, American actress * September 8 – Gary Speed, Welsh footballer and manager (d. 2011) * September 9 – Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model and actress * September 12 ** Ángel Cabrera, Argentine golfer ** Shigeki Maruyama, Japanese golfer * September 13 ** Tyler Perry, American actor, film director and screenwriter ** Shane Warne, Australian cricketer (d. 2022) * September 14 – Bong Joon-ho, South Korean film director and screenwriter * September 17 – Ken Doherty, Irish snooker player * September 19 – Simona Păucă, Romanian gymnast * September 24 – Shawn Crahan, Shawn "Clown" Crahan, American rock percussionist * September 25 ** Hansie Cronje, South African cricketer (d. 2002) * Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress * September 26 – Victor N'Gembo-Mouanda, Congolese author * September 29 – Erika Eleniak, American model and actress * September 30 – Jackie Traverse, Canadian artist and activist


October

* October 1 ** Zach Galifianakis, American actor and stand-up comedian ** Igor Ulanov, Russian hockey player ** Marcus Stephen, Former President of Nauru * October 3 ** Gwen Stefani, American singer, actress, and television host ** Tetsuya (musician), Tetsuya, Japanese musician * October 5 – Elizabeth Azcona Bocock, Honduran politician * October 6 ** Muhammad V of Kelantan, 15th Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia and Sultan of Kelantan ** Ogün Temizkanoğlu, Turkish football player * October 7 – Benny Chan (actor), Benny Chan Ho Man, Hong Kong actor * October 9 ** Jun Akiyama, Japanese professional wrestler ** PJ Harvey, British singer-songwriter ** Steve McQueen (director), Steve McQueen, English film director, producer and screenwriter * October 10 ** Brett Favre, American football player ** Wendi McLendon-Covey, American actress * October 12 – Judit Mascó, Spanish model, television host and writer * October 13 ** Rhett Akins, American country singer ** Nancy Kerrigan, American figure skater ** Cady McClain, American actress and director * October 15 – Kim Raver, American actress * October 16 – Wendy Wilson, American singer and television personality * October 17 ** Ernie Els, South African golfer ** Jesús Ángel García, Spanish race walker ** Wood Harris, American actor ** Wyclef Jean, Haitian rapper ** Nancy Sullivan (American actress), Nancy Sullivan, American actress * October 19 ** Pedro Castillo, 130th President of Peru ** Vanessa Marshall, American actress and voice actress ** Trey Parker, American actor, voice actor, animator, writer, producer, director, and composer * October 20 ** Laurie Daley, Australian rugby league player ** Juan González (baseball), Juan González, American baseball player * October 21 – Michael Hancock (rugby league), Michael Hancock, Australian rugby league player * October 22 – Spike Jonze, American director and filmmaker * October 24 ** Peter Dolving, Swedish musician ** Adela Noriega, Mexican actress * October 25 ** Samantha Bee, Canadian comedian, writer, producer, and political commentator ** Josef Beránek, Czech ice hockey player ** Oleg Salenko, Russian football player * October 30 ** Stanislav Gross, 5th Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (d. 2015) ** Snow (musician), Snow, Canadian singer * October 31 – Kim Rossi Stuart, Italian actor and director


November

* November 1 – Gary Alexander (basketball), Gary Alexander, American basketball player * November 2 – Reginald Arvizu (aka Fieldy Snuts), American bassist * November 3 – Robert Miles, Swiss-born Italian record producer and DJ (d. 2017) * November 4 ** Sean Combs, American rapper and entrepreneur ** Matthew McConaughey, American actor * November 7 ** Michelle Clunie, American actress ** Hélène Grimaud, French pianist * November 8 – Jonathan Slavin, American actor and activist * November 9 – Allison Wolfe, American musician * November 10 ** Faustino Asprilla, Colombian football player ** Jens Lehmann, German football player ** Ellen Pompeo, American actress * November 12 ** Tomas N'evergreen, Danish singer ** Rob Schrab, American actor and comic book creator * November 13 ** Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Somali-born Dutch American activist ** Gerard Butler, Scottish actor * November 17 – Jean-Michel Saive, Belgian table tennis player * November 18 ** Kathleen Van Brempt, Kathleen van Brempt, Belgian politician ** Sam Cassell, American basketball player ** Ahmed Helmy, Egyptian actor * November 19 – Ertuğrul Sağlam, Turkish football coach and former player * November 21 – Ken Griffey Jr., American baseball player * November 23 – Robin Padilla, Filipino actor * November 24 – David Adeang, Nauruan politician * November 26 – Kara Walker, American artist * November 27 – Carina Ricco, Mexican actress and singer * November 28 ** Colman Domingo, African-American actor ** Lexington Steele, African-American actor and film director * November 29 ** Pierre van Hooijdonk, Dutch footballer ** Kasey Keller, American Major League Soccer player ** Mariano Rivera, Panamanian-American professional baseball player * November 30 – Trina Gulliver, English darts player


December

* December 1 – Richard Carrier, American historian * December 4 – Jay-Z, African-American rapper * December 5 ** Sajid Javid, British Pakistani politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer ** Catherine Tate, English actress, comedian, and writer * December 11 – Viswanathan Anand, Indian chess grandmaster * December 16 – Michelle Smith, Irish swimmer * December 17 ** Laurie Holden, American actress, producer, model and human rights activist ** Chuck Liddell, American mixed martial arts fighter * December 18 ** Santiago Cañizares, Spanish footballer ** Irvin Duguid, Scottish rock keyboard player (Stiltskin) ** Mille Petrozza, German-Italian rock vocalist and guitarist (Kreator) ** Joe Randa, American
Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...
player and radio talk-show host * December 19 ** Richard Hammond, British television presenter ** Lauren Sánchez, American news anchor ** Kristy Swanson, American actress * December 21 ** Julie Delpy, French actress ** Magnus Samuelsson, Swedish bodybuilder, World's Strongest Man * December 24 ** Brad Anderson (wrestler), Brad Anderson, American wrestler ** Milan Blagojevic (footballer), Milan Blagojevic, Australian footballer ** Pernille Fischer Christensen, Danish film director ** Leavander Johnson, American lightweight boxer (d. 2005) ** Sean Cameron Michael, South African actor and singer ** Ed Miliband, English academic and politician, Minister for the Cabinet Office ** Mark Millar, Scottish author ** Luis Musrri, Chilean footballer ** Oleg Skripochka, Russian cosmonaut ** Gintaras Staučė, Lithuanian footballer ** Chen Yueling, American race walker ** Jonathan Zittrain, American professor ** Michael Zucchet, American economist and politician, Mayor of San Diego * December 25 – Nicolas Godin, French musician * December 27 ** Chyna, American professional wrestler (d. 2016) ** Sarah Vowell, American historian, author, journalist, essayist, social commentator and actress * December 28 – Linus Torvalds, Finnish computer programmer * December 30 ** Kersti Kaljulaid, 5th President of Estonia ** Jay Kay, English singer (Jamiroquai)


Deaths


January

* January 1 ** Barton MacLane, American actor (b. 1902) ** Bruno Söderström, Swedish athlete (b. 1881) * January 3 – Commodore Cochran, American Olympic athlete (b. 1902) * January 4 – Paul Chambers, American jazz bassist (b. 1935) * January 8 – Albert Hill (athlete), Albert Hill, British athlete (b. 1889) *
January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...
– Jan Palach, Czech student (b. 1948) * January 27 – Charles Winninger, American actor (b. 1884) * January 29 – Allen Dulles, American director of the Central Intelligence Agency (b. 1893) * January 30 – Dominique Pire, Belgian Dominican friar, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1910) * January 31 – Meher Baba, Indian spiritual master (b. 1894)


February

* February 2 – Boris Karloff, English actor (b. 1887) * February 3 ** Eduardo Mondlane, leader of the Mozambique nationalist organization FRELIMO (b. 1920) ** Al Taliaferro, American Disney comics artist (b. 1905) * February 5 – Thelma Ritter, American actress (b. 1902) *
February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland. *1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– George "Gabby" Hayes, American actor (b. 1885) * February 13 – Florence Mary Taylor, English-born Australian architect (b. 1879) * February 14 – Vito Genovese, Italian-American mobster (b. 1897) * February 18 – Dragiša Cvetković, 13th Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1893) * February 19 – Madge Blake, American actress (b. 1899) * February 20 – Ernest Ansermet, Swiss conductor (b. 1883) * February 23 ** Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, King of Saudi Arabia (b. 1902) ** Madhubala, Indian actress (b. 1933) * February 25 – Jan Zajíc, Czech student (b. 1950) * February 26 ** Levi Eshkol, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1895) ** Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist and philosopher (b. 1883) * February 27 – John Boles (actor), John Boles, American actor (b. 1895)


March

*
March 3 Events Pre-1600 * 473 – Gundobad (nephew of Ricimer) nominates Glycerius as emperor of the Western Roman Empire. * 724 – Empress Genshō abdicates the throne in favor of her nephew Shōmu who becomes emperor of Japan. * 1575 & ...
** Ali Jawdat al-Aiyubi, 11th Prime Minister of Iraq (b. 1886) ** Fred Alexander, American tennis player (b. 1880) * March 6 – Óscar Osorio, Salvadorian military leader, 32nd President of El Salvador (b. 1910) * March 11 – John Wyndham, British author (b. 1903) * March 14 – Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American artist (b. 1898) * March 24 – Joseph Kasavubu, 1st President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, President of Congo-Léopoldville (b. 1917) * March 25 – Max Eastman, American writer (b. 1883) * March 26 – John Kennedy Toole, American author (b. 1937) *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
Dwight D. Eisenhower Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (born David Dwight Eisenhower; ; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American military officer and statesman who served as the 34th president of the United States from 1953 to 1961. During World War II, ...
, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)


April

* April 2 – Fortunio Bonanova, Spanish actor and singer (b. 1895) * April 5 ** Alberto Bonucci, Italian actor and director (b. 1918) ** Rómulo Gallegos, Venezuelan novelist and politician, 48th President of Venezuela (b. 1884) * April 10 – Harley Earl, American designer and executive (b. 1893) *
April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...
– Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg, former Queen consort of Spain (b. 1887) *
April 20 Events Pre-1600 * 1303 – The Sapienza University of Rome is instituted by a bull of Pope Boniface VIII. 1601–1900 *1653 – Oliver Cromwell dissolves England's Rump Parliament. *1657 – English Admiral Robert Blake destroys ...
– Vjekoslav Luburić, Croatian Ustaše official and concentration camp administrator (b. 1914) * April 26 – Morihei Ueshiba, Japanese martial artist and founder of aikido (b. 1883) * April 27 – René Barrientos , Bolivian general and statesman, 47th President of Bolivia (helicopter crash) (b. 1919)


May

* May 2 – Franz von Papen, 22nd Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany and 26th Prime Minister of Prussia (b. 1879) * May 3 ** Karl Freund, German cinematographer (b. 1890) ** Zakir Husain (politician), Zakir Hussain, Indian politician, 3rd President of India (b. 1897) * May 6 – Don Drummond, Jamaican ska musician (b. 1932) *
May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...
** Enid Bennett, American actress (b. 1893) ** Frederick Lane, Australian swimmer (b. 1888) *
May 15 Events Pre-1600 * 221 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord, proclaims himself emperor of Shu Han, the successor of the Han dynasty. * 392 – Emperor Valentinian II is assassinated while advancing into Gaul against the Frankish usurper Arbog ...
– Robert Rayford, American HIV/AIDS victim (b. 1953) *
May 21 Events Pre-1600 * 293 – Roman Emperors Diocletian and Maximian appoint Galerius as ''Caesar'' to Diocletian, beginning the period of four rulers known as the Tetrarchy. * 878 – Syracuse, Sicily, is captured by the Muslim Aghlabi ...
– William Lincoln Bakewell, American explorer (b. 1888) * May 23 – Jimmy McHugh, American composer (b. 1894) * May 24 – Mitzi Green, American actress (b. 1920) *
May 26 Events Pre-1600 * 17 – Germanicus celebrates a triumph in Rome for his victories over the Cherusci, Chatti, and other German tribes west of the Elbe. * 451 – Battle of Avarayr between Armenian rebels and the Sasanian Empire tak ...
– Paul Hawkins (racing driver), Paul Hawkins, Australian racing driver (b. 1937) * May 27 ** Muhammad Fareed Didi, Sultan of Maldives (b. 1901) ** Jeffrey Hunter, American actor (b. 1926)


June

* June 1 – Ivar Ballangrud, Norwegian Olympic speed skater (b. 1904) * June 4 – Rafael Osuna, Mexican professional tennis player (b. 1938) *
June 8 Events Pre-1600 * 218 – Battle of Antioch: With the support of the Syrian legions, Elagabalus defeats the forces of emperor Macrinus. * 452 – Attila leads a Hun army in the invasion of Italy, devastating the northern province ...
– Robert Taylor (American actor), Robert Taylor, American actor (b. 1911) * June 11 – John L. Lewis, President of the United Mine Workers of America (b. 1889) * June 12 – Aleksandr Deyneka, Russian painter and sculptor (b. 1899) * June 16 – Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis, 17th Governor General of Canada (b. 1891) * June 18 – Edgar Anderson, American botanist (b. 1897) * June 19 – Natalie Talmadge, American actress (b. 1896) * June 20 – Mohamed Siddiq El-Minshawi, Egyptian Qur'anic reciter (b. 1920) * June 22 – Judy Garland, American actress and singer (b. 1922) * June 23 – Volmari Iso-Hollo, Finnish athlete (b. 1907)


July

* July 2 – Mikio Naruse, Japanese film director (b. 1905) * July 3 – Brian Jones, British rock musician (b. 1942) * July 5 ** Ben Alexander (actor), Ben Alexander, American actor (b. 1911) ** Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (b. 1884) ** Walter Gropius, German architect (b. 1883) ** Lambert Hillyer, American film director (b. 1889) ** Tom Mboya, Kenyan politician (b. 1930) ** Leo McCarey, American film director (b. 1898) * July 9 – Raizō Tanaka, Japanese admiral (b. 1892) * July 15 – Peter van Eyck, German actor (b. 1911) * July 17 – Ichikawa Raizō VIII, Japanese actor (b. 1931) *
July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...
– Roy Hamilton, American singer (b. 1929) *
July 24 Events Pre-1600 *1132 – Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily. * 1148 – Louis VII of France lays siege to Damascus during the Second Crusade. *1304 – Wars of Scottish Independence: Fall of Stirl ...
– Witold Gombrowicz, Polish novelist and dramatist (b. 1904) * July 25 – Otto Dix, German painter (b. 1891) * July 28 ** Frank Loesser, American songwriter (b. 1910) ** Ramón Grau, president of Cuba (b. 1882)


August

*
August 5 Events Pre-1600 *AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty. * 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...
– Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg (b. 1873) * August 6 – Theodor W. Adorno, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1903) * August 8 – Choi Seung-hee, Korean modern dancer (b. 1911) * August 9 ** C. F. Powell, Cecil Frank Powell, British physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1903) ** Constantin Ion Parhon, Romanian politician (b. 1874) ** Jay Sebring, American celebrity hair stylist (b. 1933) ** Sharon Tate, American actress and model (b. 1943) *
August 13 Events Pre-1600 *29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 – Emp ...
– Nicolás Fasolino, Argentine Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1887) * August 14 – Leonard Woolf, English writer (b. 1880) * August 17 ** Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, German-American architect (b. 1886) ** Otto Stern, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888) * August 18 – Mildred Davis, American actress (b. 1901) * August 20 – Marty Barry, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1905) * August 26 – Ismail al-Azhari, 2nd Prime Minister, 3rd President of Sudan (b. 1900) * August 27 ** Dame Ivy Compton-Burnett, English novelist (b. 1884) ** Erika Mann, German writer (b. 1905) * August 31 – Rocky Marciano, American professional boxer (b. 1923)


September

* September 2 – Ho Chi Minh, Vietnamese Communist politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, Prime Minister of North Vietnam and 1st President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, President of North Vietnam (b. 1890) * September 3 – John Lester, American cricketer (b. 1871) * September 6 – Arthur Friedenreich, Brazilian footballer (b. 1892) * September 8 ** Bud Collyer, American radio and television personality (b. 1908) ** Alexandra David-Néel, French explorer (b. 1868) * September 19 – Rex Ingram (actor), Rex Ingram, American actor (b. 1895) * September 22 ** Adolfo López Mateos, Mexican politician, 48th President of Mexico, 1958-1964 (b. 1909) ** Aleksandras Stulginskis, Lithuanian politician, 2nd President of Lithuania, President of the Republic of Lithuania (b. 1885) * September 27 – Nicolas Grunitzky, 2nd President of Togo (b. 1913) * September 28 – Nicolae Dăscălescu, Romanian general (b. 1884)


October

* October 3 – Skip James, American blues singer (b. 1902) * October 6 – Walter Hagen, American golf champion (b. 1892) * October 7 – Natalya Lisenko, Russian actress (b. 1884) * October 8 – Eduardo Ciannelli, Italian actor and singer (b. 1888) * October 12 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (b. 1912) * October 16 – Leonard Chess, Polish-American record company executive, co-founder of Chess Records (b. 1917) * October 18 – Gyula Mándi, Hungarian footballer and manager (b. 1899) * October 21 ** Jack Kerouac, American author (b. 1922) ** Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician (b. 1882) * October 29 – Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich, 34th President of Costa Rica (b. 1907) * October 31 – Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río, 26th President of Ecuador, leader during World War II (b. 1893)


November

* November 1 – Pauline Bush (actress), Pauline Bush, American actress (b. 1886) * November 5 – Lloyd Corrigan, American actor (b. 1900) * November 8 ** Dave O'Brien (actor), Dave O'Brien, American actor (b. 1912) ** Vesto Slipher, American astronomer (b. 1875) * November 12 – William F. Friedman, American cryptanalyst (b. 1891) * November 13 – Iskander Mirza, Pakistani politician, 1st President of Pakistan (b. 1899) * November 18 – Joseph P. Kennedy Sr., American politician (b. 1888) * November 21 ** Norman Lindsay, Australian painter (b. 1879) ** Mutesa II of Buganda, Kabaka of Buganda and 1st President of Uganda (b. 1924)


December

* December 1 – Magic Sam, American musician (b. 1937) * December 2 – Kliment Voroshilov, Soviet military commander (b. 1881) * December 4 – Fred Hampton, American activist (b. 1948) * December 5 ** Princess Alice of Battenberg (b. 1885) ** Claude Dornier, German airplane builder, founder of Dornier Flugzeugwerke (b. 1884) * December 6 – João Cândido Felisberto, Brazilian sailor, led the Revolt of the Lash (b. 1880) * December 8 ** Karl Fiehler, German Politician of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) and Lord Mayor of Munich (b. 1895) ** Ole Singstad, Norwegian-born American civil engineer (b. 1882) * December 13 ** Spencer Williams Jr., American actor (b. 1893) ** Raymond A. Spruance, United States admiral (b. 1886) * December 21 – Georges Catroux, French Army general and colonial governor (b. 1877) * December 22 ** Josef von Sternberg, Austrian film director (b. 1894) ** Enrique Peñaranda , Bolivian general, 38th President of Bolivia, leader during World War II (b. 1892) * December 29 – Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango, 11th President of Panama, leader during World War II (b. 1899)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Murray Gell-Mann * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Derek Barton, Odd Hassel * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Max Delbrück, Alfred Hershey, Salvador Luria * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Samuel Beckett * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – International Labour Organization * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Ragnar Frisch, Jan Tinbergen


References


1969 – Headlines
A report from Rich Lamb of WCBS Newsradio 880 (WCBS-AM New York) Part of WCBS 880's celebration of 40 years of newsradio.
1969 – The Year in Sound
An Audiofile produced by Lou Zambrana of WCBS Newsradio 880 (WCBS-AM New York) Part of WCBS 880's celebration of 40 years of newsradio. {{DEFAULTSORT:1969 1969,