The Shrine of Fatima Masumeh ( fa, حرم فاطمه معصومه translit. ''haram-e fateme-ye masumeh'') is located in

Qom Qom (also spelled as "Ghom", "Ghum", or "Qum") ( fa, قم ) is the seventh largest metropolis and also the seventh largest city in Iran. Qom is the capital of Qom Province. It is located to the south of Tehran. At the 2016 census, its pop ...

, which is considered by

Shia Muslims Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, mos ...

to be the second most sacred city in

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

after

Mashhad Mashhad ( fa, مشهد, Mašhad ), also spelled Mashad, is the second-most-populous city in Iran, located in the relatively remote north-east of the country about from Tehran. It serves as the capital of Razavi Khorasan Province and has a po ...

. Fatima Masumeh was the sister of the eighth

Imam Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, serve ...

Reza Reza is a Persian name, originating from the Arabic word , ''Riḍā'', which literally means "the fact of being pleased or contented; contentment, approval". In religious context, this name is interpreted as ''satisfaction'' or "''perfect content ...

and the daughter of the seventh Imam

Musa al-Kadhim Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kazim ( ar, مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم, Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar al-Kāẓim), also known as Abū al-Ḥasan, Abū ʿAbd Allāh or Abū Ibrāhīm, was the seventh Imam in Twelver Shia Islam, after hi ...

(Tabari 60). In

Shia Islam Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, mos ...

, women are often revered as saints if they are close relatives to one of the

Twelver Twelver Shīʿīsm ( ar, ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة; '), also known as Imāmīyyah ( ar, إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa Islam, comprising about 85 percent of all Shīʿa Muslims. The term ''Twelver'' refers t ...

Imams. Fatima Masumeh is therefore honored as a saint, and her shrine in Qom is considered one of the most significant

Shi'i Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest branch of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his successor (''khalīfa'') and the Imam (spiritual and political leader) after him, most ...

shrines in Iran. Every year, thousands of Shi'i Muslims travel to Qom to honor Fatima Masumeh and ask her for blessings. Also buried within the shrine are three daughters of the ninth Twelver Shī‘ah Imām Muhammad al-Taqī.

Specifications

The mosque consists of a burial chamber, three courtyards and three large prayer halls, totalling an area of . The three prayer halls are named: ''Tabātabā'ī'', ''Bālā Sar'', and ''A‘dham''.

Visiting the Shrine

Though Shi'i theology formally states that the relatives of the Imams, or

imamzadeh An imamzadeh () is a Persian term with two related meanings: a type of holy person in Shia Islam, and the shrine-tomb of such a person. Firstly, it means an immediate descendant of a Shi'i Imam. The term is also used in Urdu and Azeri. Imamzad ...

s, hold a lower status than the Imams, popular

Shi'ism Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...

still strongly venerates imamzadehs. In Iran, there are many more burial places of the Imams' relatives than there are for the Imams themselves. Imamzadehs are considered to be close to God and religiously pious because of their close relation to Imams. Shi'is commonly travel on pilgrimages to shrines of imamzadehs, such as the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh, the sister of the 8th Imam 'Ali al-Rida, in Qom, Iran. Men and women seek cures to ailments, solutions to problems, and forgiveness of sins at these sites. Many

hadiths Ḥadīth ( or ; ar, حديث, , , , , , , literally "talk" or "discourse") or Athar ( ar, أثر, , literally "remnant"/"effect") refers to what the majority of Muslims believe to be a record of the words, actions, and the silent approval ...

, or teachings, are recorded from Shi'i Imams praising the veneration of Fatima Masumeh, and proclaiming that those who make a pilgrimage to her Shrine will "certainly be admitted to heaven." Fatima Masumeh's Shrine in Qom is crowded every day of the year with Shi'i men, women, and children from all around the world. Some stay for hours or days praying at the mosque and

circumambulating Circumambulation (from Latin ''circum'' around and ''ambulātus ''to walk) is the act of moving around a sacred object or idol. Circumambulation of temples or deity images is an integral part of Hindu and Buddhist devotional practice (known in S ...

her tomb. The economy of Qom has become reliant on this pilgrimage for the tourism it brings. In turn, Qom has remained conservative and traditional to maintain a pious environment for pilgrims. Many miracles have been recorded as taking place at this shrine, and they are documented in a special office within the shrine complex. Some are published in the shrines monthly newspaper, the Payam-e Astan. Pilgrims at the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh follow rituals that have been passed down for centuries. Imam

Ali al-Rida Ali ibn Musa al-Rida ( ar, عَلِيّ ٱبْن مُوسَىٰ ٱلرِّضَا, Alī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā, 1 January 766 – 6 June 818), also known as Abū al-Ḥasan al-Thānī, was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the e ...

, Fatima Masumeh's brother, outlined these ritual acts as he described the way he visited her Shrine. The prayer Imam al-Rida dictated to his sister continues to be part of the pilgrimage. Since the

Safavid Safavid Iran or Safavid Persia (), also referred to as the Safavid Empire, '. was one of the greatest Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty. It is often conside ...

period, additional rituals have been added that are now typical for many Shi'i pilgrimages including

ritual washing Ritual purification is the ritual prescribed by a religion by which a person is considered to be free of ''uncleanliness'', especially prior to the worship of a deity, and ritual purity is a state of ritual cleanliness. Ritual purification may ...

beforehand, dressing in perfumed clothing, and entering the site with one's right foot.

History of the Shrine

Early history

Since the beginning of Qom's history in the 7th century, the city has been associated with Shi'ism and set apart from the

Sunni Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a dis ...

caliphate A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

. Many Shi'i hadiths referred to Qom as a "place of refuge for believers," calling it a deeply religious place. After Fatima Masumeh's death in Qom and the construction of her Shrine, scholars began to gather in Qom and the city gained its reputation for religious learning. Today, Qom is still noted for its religious seminaries and organizations. Fatima Masumeh died in Qom in 201 A.H. as she travelled to join her brother, Imam

in Khorasan. The caravan she travelled in was attacked in

Saveh Saveh ( fa, ساوه, translit=Sāveh, also transliterated as ''Sāwa'') is a city in Markazi Province of Iran. It is located about southwest of Tehran. As of 2011, the city had a population of 259,030 people. History In the 7th century BC it ...

by the Abbasid Sunnis, and 23 of Fatima Masumeh's family and friends were killed (Jaffer). Fatima Masumeh was then poisoned by a woman from the Sunni enemies, fell ill, and asked to be taken to Qom, where she died. Fatima Masumeh's host in Qom buried her in his plot of land. The style of Fatima Masumeh's Shrine has developed over many centuries. At first, her tomb was covered with a bamboo canopy. Fifty years later, this was replaced by a more durable domed building, at the request of the daughter of Imam

Muhammad at-Taqī Abū al-Ḥusayn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl ( ar, أحمد بن عبد اللّه بن محمد بن إسماعيل), better known as Muḥammad al-Taqī (born , died , Salamiyah, Syria, Imam: –) is the ninth Ismā� ...

, Sayyida Zaynab. The family of Sayyida Zainab later added a further two domes to the Shrine. These architectural projects marked the beginning of female patronage of the tomb of Fatima Masumeh.

Safavid period

300px, Islamic architecture in the shrine of Fatemeh Masoumeh. In 1519,

Tajlu Khanum Tajlu Khanum ( fa, تاجلو خانم) or Tajli Begum (), also known by her title of Shah-Begi Khanum (), was a Turkoman princess from the Mawsillu tribe and principal consort of Ismail I. Family While Italian writer Angiolello and Irania ...

, the wife of Shah Isma'il I, led a project to improve the drainage around the Shrine, embellish the Shrine with an

iwan An iwan ( fa, ایوان , ar, إيوان , also spelled ivan) is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal gateway to the iwan is called , a Persian term for a portal projectin ...

and two minarets, and reconstruct the tomb chamber as a domed octagon. During the

Safavid dynasty The Safavid dynasty (; fa, دودمان صفوی, Dudmâne Safavi, ) was one of Iran's most significant ruling dynasties reigning from 1501 to 1736. Their rule is often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history, as well as one of th ...

, the women of this family were very active in embellishing the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh. In times of war, Safavid royal women found refuge in Qom, and likely compared their situation to that of Fatima Masumeh. These women donated beautiful fabrics and other items to the Shrine.

Shah Abbas I Abbas I ( fa, ; 27 January 157119 January 1629), commonly known as Abbas the Great (), was the 5th Safavid Shah (king) of Iran, and is generally considered one of the greatest rulers of Iranian history and the Safavid dynasty. He was the third s ...

of the Safavids did not patronize the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh as much as he did other shrines of Imams, but he did offer books to the Shrine's seminary library. Over the years, many Safavids of royal birth were buried close to the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh.

Modern history

Eid_al-Fitr_prayer,_Fatima_Masuma_Shrine,_Qom,_Iran_2

From 1795–1796,

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ( fa, فتحعلى‌شاه قاجار, Fatḥ-ʻAli Šâh Qâjâr; May 1769 – 24 October 1834) was the second Shah (king) of Qajar Iran. He reigned from 17 June 1797 until his death on 24 October 1834. His reign saw the ir ...

converted two Safavid ''

sahn A ''sahn'' ( ar, صَحْن, '), is a courtyard in Islamic architecture, especially the formal courtyard of a mosque. Most traditional mosques have a large central ''sahn'', which is surrounded by a '' riwaq'' or arcade on all sides. In traditi ...

'' or courtyards into one large courtyard and, in 1803, fixed the golden dome. In 1883, Amin al-Sultan added the new ''sahn e-jadid'' or "New Court" to the Shrine complex. During

Ayatollah Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...

's 1979

Iranian Revolution The Iranian Revolution ( fa, انقلاب ایران, Enqelâb-e Irân, ), also known as the Islamic Revolution ( fa, انقلاب اسلامی, Enqelâb-e Eslâmī), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dyna ...

, Qom was named "the birthplace" of this movement.

Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...

studied in Qom and lived there at the beginning and end of the Revolution. Aspects of the culture of Qom, including the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh, were used to unite the Iranian people over significant historical and mythical events. Khomeini used images of the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh in posters, money, and stamps created during the Revolution. Khomeini also constructed an addition to the Shrine of Fatima Masumeh and added more space for pilgrims. In addition, the tomb of Ayatollah Khomeini utilizes architectural elements that are similar to Fatima Masumeh's Shrine, such as the golden dome. See Mausoleum of Khomeini.

Notable burials

* Fatemeh Masumeh (790–816) – daughter of

Royalty

* Kheyr al-Nesa Begum (1548–1579) – Safavid princess *

Shah Safi Sam Mirza ( fa, سام میرزا) (161112 May 1642), better known by his dynastic name of Shah Safi ( fa, شاه صفی), was the sixth Safavid shah (king) of Iran, ruling from 1629 to 1642. Early life Safi was given the name Sam Mirza when ...

(1611–1642) –

Shahanshah Shah (; fa, شاه, , ) is a royal title that was historically used by the leading figures of Iranian monarchies.Yarshater, EhsaPersia or Iran, Persian or Farsi, ''Iranian Studies'', vol. XXII no. 1 (1989) It was also used by a variety of ...

of Persia (1629–42) *

Shah Abbas II Abbas II (; born Soltan Mohammad Mirza; 30 August 1632 – 26 October 1666) was the seventh Shah of Safavid Iran, ruling from 1642 to 1666. As the eldest son of Safi and his Circassian wife, Anna Khanum, he inherited the throne when he was ni ...

(1632–1666) – Shahanshah of Persia (1642–66) * Shah Suleiman I (1647–1694) – Shahanshah of Persia (1666–94) * Shah Sultan Hossein (1668–1726) – Shahanshah of Persia (1694–1722) * Shah Abbas III (d. 1739) – Shahanshah of Persia (1732–36) * Qahraman Mirza ( fa) (d. 1840) – Qajar prince *

Fath-Ali Shah Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ( fa, فتحعلى‌شاه قاجار, Fatḥ-ʻAli Šâh Qâjâr; May 1769 – 24 October 1834) was the second Shah (king) of Qajar Iran. He reigned from 17 June 1797 until his death on 24 October 1834. His reign saw the ir ...

(1772–1834) – Shahanshah of Persia (1797–1834) * Mohammad Shah (1808–1848) – Shahanshah of Persia (1834–48) * Galin Khanom ( fa) (d. 1857) – Qajar princess * Malek Jahan Khanom Mahd-e Olia (1805–1873) – mother of Nasser al-Din Shah Qajar * Fakhr od-Dowleh ( it) (1861–1893) – Qajar princess * Afsar od-Dowleh ( fa) (1859–1901) – Qajar princess * Ali-Naghi Mirza ( fa) (1860–1917) – Qajar prince * Malek-Mansour Mirza (1880–1922) – Qajar prince * Abdolsamad Mirza ( fa) (1845–1929) – Qajar prince *

Kamran Mirza Kamran Mirza ( fa, ) (1512 – 5 October 1557) was the second son of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire and the first Mughal Emperor. Kamran Mirza was born in Kabul to Babur's wife Gulrukh Begum. He was half-brother to Babur's eldest ...

(1856–1929) – Qajar prince and governor of Tehran

Political figures

* Hassan Khan Mostowfi ol-Mamalek Ashtiani ( fa) (1781–1845) – politician *

Manouchehr Khan Gorji Manuchehr Khan Gorji Mo'tamad al-Dawle (died 1847) was a government official in Qajar Iran. He was of Georgian origin; hence, ''Gorji'' (i.e., "Georgian") in his surname. He was known as a sympathizer of Báb, the founder of Bábism religious m ...

Mo'tamed od-Dowleh (d. 1847) – politician * Ali Khan Hajeb od-Dowleh ( fa) (d. 1867) – politician * Anoushirvan Khan Etezad od-Dowleh (d. 1868) – politician *

Farrokh Khan Farrokh Khan ( fa, فرخ خان; also spelled Ferouk Khan, Feruk Khan and Ferukh Khan), also known by his title of Amin od-dowleh (), was a high-ranking Persian official, and vice premier to the court of the shah of Qajar Fath-Ale Shah. He was a ...

Amin od-Dowleh (1812–1871) – Persian ambassador to France and Great Britain * Asadollah Nazem od-Dowleh ( fa) (d. 1900) – politician * Ali-Asghar Khan Amin os-Sultan (1843–1907) – prime minister (1887–96) and (1907) * Mohammad-Baqer Khan Saad os-Saltaneh (d. 1907) – politician * Ebrahim Motamed os-Saltaneh ( fa) (d. 1917) – politician *

Ahmad Khan Ahmad ( ar, أحمد, ʾAḥmad) is an Arabic male given name common in most parts of the Muslim world. Other spellings of the name include Ahmed and Ahmet. Etymology The word derives from the root (ḥ-m-d), from the Arabic (), from the ve ...

Moshir os-Saltaneh (1844–1919) – prime minister (1907–08) * Mohammad Eqbal od-Dowleh ( fa) (1848–1924) – politician * Yahya Diba Nazem od-Dowleh ( fa) (1886–1940) – politician * Hassan Vosough Vosough od-Dowleh (1873–1950) – prime minister (1909–10, 1911 and 1916–17) * Abdollah Vosough Motamed os-Saltaneh ( fa) (1884–1952) – politician *

Ahmad Qavam Ahmad Qavam (2 January 1873 – 23 July 1955; fa, احمد قوام), also known as Qavam os-Saltaneh ( fa, قوام السلطنه), was a politician who served as Prime Minister of Iran five times. Early life Qavam was born in 1873 to a p ...

Qavam os-Saltaneh (1876–1955) – prime minister (1921, 1922–23, 1942–43, 1946–47 and 1952) * Faramarz Asadi (1869–1969) – politician *

Hossein Dadgar Hosein Adl-ol-Malek Dādgar ( fa, حسین دادگر‎; 1889–1971) was a politician from Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by I ...

Adl ol-Molk (1881–1971) – speaker of the

Majles The Islamic Consultative Assembly ( fa, مجلس شورای اسلامی, Majles-e Showrā-ye Eslāmī), also called the Iranian Parliament, the Iranian Majles (Arabicised spelling Majlis) or ICA, is the national legislative body of Iran. The ...

(1928–35) *

Mohammad-Vali Gharani Mohammad-Vali Gharani ( fa, محمدولی قرنی) (1913–23 April 1979) was an Iranian military officer. He was born in Tehran in 1913. He graduated from the Officers' Academy and the War College. In 1950 he joined the Imperial Army and was ...

(1913–1979) – army general * Mehdi Eraqi (1930–1979) – a founder of

Fadayan-e Islam Fadā'iyān-e Islam ( fa, فدائیان اسلام, also spelled as ''Fadayan-e Islam'' or in English "Fedayeen of Islam" or "Devotees of Islam" or literally "Self-Sacrificers of Islam") is a Shia fundamentalist group in Iran with a strong activi ...

Mehdi Bazargan Mehdi Bazargan ( fa, مهدی بازرگان; 1 September 1907 – 20 January 1995) was an Iranian scholar, academic, long-time pro-democracy activist and head of Iran's interim government. He was appointed prime minister in February 1979 by Ay ...

(1907–1995) – prime minister (1979)

Scholars

* Aghabeyim Javanshir (1780–1832) – poet * Yusef Etesami Ashtiani (1874–1938) – writer and translator * Parvin Etesami (1907–1941) – poet * Mohammad Meshkat ( fa) (1900–1980) – scholar * Ali Davani (1929–2007) – author

Clerics

* Qotbeddin Ravandi ( fa) (d. 1177) – medieval cleric *

Fazlollah Nouri Sheikh Fazlollah bin Abbas Mazindarani (; 24 December 1843 – 31 July 1909), also known as Fazlollah Noori (), was a twelver Shia Muslim scholar and politician in Qajar Iran during the late 19th and early 20th century and founder of islamist ...

(1843–1909) – cleric *

Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi Grand Ayatollah Hajj Sheikh Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi ( fa, عبدالکریم حائری یزدی; ar, عبد الكريم الحائري اليزدي ; 1859 – 30 January 1937) was a Twelver Shia Muslim scholar and marja. He was the founder o ...

(1859–1937) – cleric * Mehdi Ashtiani (1888–1952) – cleric * Mohammad-Taghi Khansari ( fa) (1888–1952) – cleric * Sadreddin Sadr (1882–1954) – cleric *

Hossein Borujerdi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hossein Ali Tababataei Borujerdi ( Luri/ fa, آیت الله العظمی سید حسین طباطبایی بروجردی; 23 March 1875 – 30 March 1961) was a leading Iranian Shia Marja' in Iran from approximately 1947 ...

(1875–1961) – cleric * Soltan ol-Vaezin Shirazi (1894–1971) – cleric *

Morteza Motahhari Morteza Motahhari ( fa, مرتضی مطهری, also Romanized as "Mortezā Motahharī"; 31 January 1919 – 1 May 1979) was an Iranian Twelver Shia scholar, philosopher, lecturer. Motahhari is considered to have an important influence on ...

(1920–1979) – cleric *

Mohammad Mofatteh Ayatollah Mohammad Mofatteh ( fa, محمد مفتح‎; 1928–1979) was an Iranian philosopher, theologian, and political activist, born in Famenin, Hamadan, Iran. After he finished his primary education in Hamadan, he left for the Islamic Semi ...

(1928–1979) – cleric * Mohammad-Hossein Tabatabaei (1904–1981) – cleric * Asadollah Madani (1914–1981) – cleric *

Ali Qoddusi Ali Qoddusi (also Ghoddosi or Qodusi) (1927–1981) was an Iranian cleric and a major actor in the 1979 revolution. Qoddusi was born in 1927 in the province of Hamadan. He joined the Qom seminaries in 1944 and studied with, among others, grand ay ...

(1927–1981) – cleric *

Mohammad Montazeri Mohammad Montazeri fa, محمد منتظری (1944–28 June 1981) was an Iranian cleric and military figure. He was one of the founding members and early chiefs of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. He was assassinated in a bombing in Tehr ...

(1944–1981) – cleric * Khalil Kamarei (1898–1984) – cleric * Reza Zanjani (1902–1984) – cleric *

Ahmad Khonsari Ahmad Khonsari, also Aḥmad Khvānsārī, or Khvunsārī ( fa, احمد خوانساری, 1887–1985) was an Iranian Grand Ayatollah and attained marja status after the death of marja Boroujerdi in 1961. In contrast to the other maraji of ...

(1887–1985) – cleric *

Morteza Haeri Yazdi Morteza Haeri Yazdi ( fa, مرتضی حائری یزدی; October 12, 1916 – March 16, 1986) was the son of Shia Islam Faqīh Abdul-Karim Haeri Yazdi. Education He attended seminary in Qom, and was educated by professors such as Mohammad-R ...

(1916–1986) – cleric * Shahabeddin Marashi Najafi (1897–1990) – cleric * Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani (1898–1993) – cleric * Hashem Amoli (1899–1993) – cleric * Mohammad-Ali Araki (1894–1994) – cleric * Mohammad-Jafar Moravej (1902–1999) – cleric *

Ahmad Azari Qomi Grand Ayatollah Ahmad Azari-Qomi-Bigdeli was an Iranian cleric. Born in 1925 in Qom, after the 1979 Iranian Revolution he served on the Special Clerical Court, and Assembly of Experts, founded the conservative Resalat Newspaper. He was arrested ...

(1925–1999) – cleric * Mohammad Shirazi (1928–2001) – cleric * Esmail Mousavi Zanjani (1928–2002) – cleric * Sadegh Khalkhali (1926–2003) – cleric (" Eichmann of Iran") * Mohammad Vaez Abaee Khorasani (1940–2004) – cleric * Javad Tabrizi (1926-2006) – cleric *

Ali Meshkini Ali Akbar Feiz Aleni ( fa, علی‌اکبر فیض آلنی; 2 December 1921 – 30 July 2007), better known as Ali Meshkini, was an Iranian cleric and politician. Life Meshkini was an Iranian Azerbaijani born in a village near Meshkin Shahr ...

(1921–2007) – cleric and chairman of

Assembly of Experts The Assembly of Experts ( fa, مجلس خبرگان رهبری, majles-e khobregân-e rahbari), also translated as the Assembly of Experts of the Leadership or as the Council of Experts, is the deliberative body empowered to appoint the Supreme ...

(1983–2007) *

Mohammad Fazel Lankarani Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Fazel Lankarani (1931 – June 16, 2007) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'. He was student of Grand Ayatollah Borujerdi. He was a child of a Persian mother and an Azerbaijani father. Biography and clerical activities L ...

(1931-2007) – cleric *

Ahmad Mojtahedi Tehrani Ayatollah Ahmad Mojtahedi Tehrani ( Persian: احمد مجتهدی تهرانی) was an Iranian Twelver Shia ayatollah/scholar who was born on 2 October 1923 in Tehran in a religious family. His father was Mohammad-Baqer, and his grandfather was Mi ...

(1923-2008) – cleric * Mohammad-Taqi Behjat Fumani (1913–2009) – cleric * Hossein-Ali Montazeri (1922–2009) – cleric * Mohammad Mofti al-Shia Mousavi (1928–2010) – cleric * Abbas Hosseini Kashani (1931–2010) – cleric * Mohammad-Hassan Ahmadi Faqih (1951–2010) – cleric * Yousef Madani Tabrizi (1928–2013) – cleric * Moslem Malakouti (1924–2014) – cleric * Abdol-Karim Mousavi Ardabili (1926–2016) – cleric and chief justice (1981–89) * Ahmad Ahmadi (1933–2018) – cleric *

Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi ( fa, سید محمود هاشمی شاهرودی, 15 August 1948 – 24 December 2018) was an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric and conservative politician who was the Chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council fr ...

(1948–2018) – cleric and chief justice (1999–2009) *

Nasrallah Shah-Abadi Sheikh Nasrallah Shah-Abadi , (24 September 1930 – 12 March 2018) was an Iranian Ayatollah. He represented the people of Tehran Province in the Fifth term of the Assembly of Experts. Early life and education Nasrallah was born on 24 Septemb ...

(1930-2018) – cleric * Mohammad Hossaini Shahroudi (1925–2019) – cleric * Qorban-Ali Mohaqeq Kaboli (1927–2019) – cleric *

Mohammad Momen Ayatollah Mohammad Momen (13 January 1938 – 21 February 2019) was a Faqih (a cleric qualified to judge based on Islamic law) and a very influential member of the Guardian Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Influence in government He simu ...

(1938–2019) – cleric * Ebrahim Amini (1925–2020) – cleric *

Mohammad Yazdi Mohammad Yazdi ( fa, محمد یزدی, 2 July 1931 – 9 December 2020) was an Iranian conservative and principlist cleric who served as the head of Judiciary System of Iran between 1989 and 1999. In 2015, he was elected to lead Iran's Assembl ...

(1931–2020) - cleric and chief justice (1989–1999) *

Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi Ayatollah Taqi Mesbah ( fa, تقی مصباح‌; born Taqi Givechi, fa, تقی گیوه‌چی), commonly known as Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi ( fa, محمدتقی مصباح‌ یزدی, 31 January 1935 – 1 January 2021) was an Iranian Shi' ...

(1935–2021) - cleric

References

External links

Biography of Fatimah Ma'sumah and history of the Al-Masumeh Shrine
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fatima Al-Masumeh Shrine Buildings and structures completed in the 17th century Cemeteries in Iran Buildings and structures in Qom Safavid architecture Shia cemeteries Shia shrines Shrines in Iran Tourist attractions in Qom Province