''Fadogia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants t ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules a ...
. The genera ''
Rytigynia'' and ''Fadogia'' form a
strongly supported clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English ter ...
but neither of these genera is
monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gr ...
.
Distribution
''Fadogia'' is found in
Tropical Africa. ''
F. cienkowskii'' and ''
F. tetraquetra'' have the largest distribution and occur from
Guinea
Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the we ...
to the
Transvaal province
The Province of the Transvaal ( af, Provinsie van Transvaal), commonly referred to as the Transvaal (; ), was a province of South Africa from 1910 until 1994, when a new constitution subdivided it following the end of apartheid. The name "Trans ...
. ''
F. ancylantha'' and ''
F. erythrophloea'' are also found in many African countries, but they don't occur so far south. The countries with the highest number of species are
Angola
, national_anthem = "Angola Avante"()
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, capital = Luanda
, religion =
, religion_year = 2020
, religion_ref =
, coordinat ...
,
Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...
,
Zambia
Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most central point. Its neighbours are t ...
,
Tanzania
Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands ...
, and
Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR; ; , RCA; , or , ) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the DR Congo to the south, the Republic of th ...
.
Bacterial leaf symbiosis
Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf
mesophyll tissue. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as ''
Burkholderia
''Burkholderia'' is a genus of Pseudomonadota whose pathogenic members include the ''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex, which attacks humans and ''Burkholderia mallei'', responsible for glanders, a disease that occurs mostly in horses and related ...
'', which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species.
The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria provide chemical protection against insect herbivory.
Gousiekte
''
Fadogia homblei'' is known to cause gousiekte, a cardiotoxicosis of ruminants characterised by heart failure four to eight weeks after ingestion of certain rubiaceous plants.
Species
* ''
Fadogia ancylantha''
Schweinf.
* ''
Fadogia andersonii''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia arenicola''
K.Schum. & K.Krause
* ''
Fadogia audruana''
M.Fay, J.-P.Lebrun & Stork
* ''
Fadogia butayei''
De Wild.
* ''
Fadogia caespitosa''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia chlorantha''
K.Schum.
* ''
Fadogia chrysantha''
K.Schum.
* ''
Fadogia cienkowskii''
Schweinf.
* ''
Fadogia cinerascens''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia elskensii''
De Wild.
* ''
Fadogia erythrophloea''
(K.Schum. & K.Krause) Hutch. & Dalziel
* ''
Fadogia fragrans''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia fuchsioides''
Schweinf. ex Oliv.
* ''
Fadogia glaberrima''
Welw. ex Hiern
* ''
Fadogia gossweileri''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia graminea''
Wernham
* ''
Fadogia homblei''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia lactiflora''
Welw. ex Hiern
* ''
Fadogia latifolia''
A.Chev. ex Robyns
* ''
Fadogia leucophloea''
Schweinf. ex Hiern
* ''
Fadogia luangwae''
Verdc.
* ''
Fadogia oblongolanceolata''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia obscura''
A.Chev. ex Robyns
* ''
Fadogia olivacea''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia parvifolia''
Verdc.
* ''
Fadogia pobeguinii''
Pobég.
* ''
Fadogia punctulata''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia rostrata''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia salictaria''
S.Moore
* ''
Fadogia schmitzii''
Verdc.
* ''
Fadogia spectabilis''
Milne-Redh.
* ''
Fadogia stenophylla''
Welw. ex Hiern
* ''
Fadogia tetraquetra''
K.Schum. & K.Krause
* ''
Fadogia tomentosa''
De Wild.
* ''
Fadogia triphylla''
Baker
* ''
Fadogia variifolia''
Robyns
* ''
Fadogia verdcourtii''
Tennant
* ''
Fadogia verdickii''
De Wild. & T.Durand
* ''
Fadogia vollesenii''
Verdc.
References
External links
World Checklist of Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae genera
{{Ixoroideae-stub