Executive protection
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Executive protection (EP), also known as close protection, refers to security and risk mitigation measures taken to ensure the safety of
VIP A very important person or personage (VIP or V.I.P.) is a person who is accorded special privileges due to their high social status, influence or importance. The term was not common until sometime after World War 2 by RAF pilots. Examples inc ...
s or other individuals who may be exposed to elevated personal risk because of their employment, high-profile status, net worth, affiliations or geographical location.


Overview

Protective measures may include
home security Home security includes both the security hardware placed on a property and individuals' personal security practices. Security hardware includes doors, locks, alarm systems, lighting, motion detectors, and security camera systems. Personal se ...
systems, bodyguards,
armored vehicle Military vehicles are commonly armoured (or armored; see spelling differences) to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets, shells, rockets, and missiles, protecting the personnel inside from enemy fire. Such vehicles include armoured ...
s and vehicle scramble plans,
mail screening Mail screening is the physical screening of post/mail prior to reaching its final destination. This may be from a postroom/ mailroom or from an external premise through a professional mail screening provider. Typically this is a security function ...
,
private jet A business jet, private jet, or bizjet is a jet aircraft designed for transporting small groups of people. Business jets may be adapted for other roles, such as the evacuation of casualties or express parcel deliveries, and some are used by pub ...
travel,
background check A background check is a process a person or company uses to verify that an individual is who they claim to be, and this provides an opportunity to check and confirm the validity of someone's criminal record, education, employment history, and oth ...
s for other employees, and other precautions. Executive protection may also provide security for immediate and/or extended family members to prevent
kidnapping In criminal law, kidnapping is the unlawful confinement of a person against their will, often including transportation/asportation. The asportation and abduction element is typically but not necessarily conducted by means of force or fear: the p ...
and
extortion Extortion is the practice of obtaining benefit through coercion. In most jurisdictions it is likely to constitute a criminal offence; the bulk of this article deals with such cases. Robbery is the simplest and most common form of extortion, ...
. Executive protection is its own highly specialized field within the private security industry. Elite executive protection professionals will have specialized training in executive protection, driving, first aid, and marksmanship. The term executive protection was coined in the 1970s by the United States Secret Service when they created the Executive Protection Service to guard visiting foreign dignitaries. In the United States, executive protection services are regulated at the state level and in most cases require licensing, insurance, training and a separate concealed carry permit. Also, the
Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act The Law Enforcement Officers Safety Act (LEOSA) is a United States federal law, enacted in 2004, that allows two classes of persons—the "qualified law enforcement officer" and the "qualified retired or separated law enforcement officer"—to ca ...
of 2004 (aka HR-218) does not serve as a license for off-duty law enforcement officers to provide executive protective services. Hiring unlicensed, uninsured protection services, including those offered by off-duty law enforcement officers, creates direct liability for the client. Any bona fide executive protection firm should be able to provide a prospective client with their: * State-issued Corporate Business License (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer ''does not'' replace this document) * State-issued registration to provide protective services (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer ''does not'' replace this document) * Copy of current liability insurance * Personal certificates of initial and ongoing executive protection training for each agent * State-issued registrations to provide protective services for each agent * State-issued registrations allowing the agent to carry weapons for professional use. (HR-218 or status as a retired law enforcement officer ''does not'' replace this document) * State-issued concealed carry permits for each agent (HR-218 may replace this document) An executive protection team may have agents performing in a variety of roles to better protect the client, including: * Detail Leader * Assistant Detail Leader (Detail Manager) * Tactical Commander * Motorcade Lead * Advance Lead * Mobile Agent * Static Agent * Protective Intelligence Agent Executive protection occasionally becomes an item of general public interest, usually when it fails. For example: * On July 19, 2011,
Rupert Murdoch Keith Rupert Murdoch ( ; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-born American business magnate. Through his company News Corp, he is the owner of hundreds of local, national, and international publishing outlets around the world, including ...
was
pied A piebald or pied animal is one that has a pattern of unpigmented spots (white) on a pigmented background of hair, feathers or scales. Thus a piebald black and white dog is a black dog with white spots. The animal's skin under the white backgro ...
in London during a Parliamentary hearing. * In 1998,
Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washing ...
co-founder
Bill Gates William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate and philanthropist. He is a co-founder of Microsoft, along with his late childhood friend Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions ...
was pied in Belgium. There are varying types of executive protection. They can generally be divided into the following categories: * High-threat protection for dignitaries traveling internationally * Corporate executive protection for high net-worth corporate officers * Celebrity close protection The defining characteristics among these categories are first, the amount of resources available for the task, and second the types of environments that they operate in on a routine basis. Oatman, Robert (2006). ''Executive Protection: New Solutions for a New Era''. Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. .


See also

* Security detail


References


Further reading

* Aitch, Richard (2012). "Close Protection - A Closer Observation of the Protection Equation". London, UK. * June, Dale (1998). ''Introduction to Executive Protection''. Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press. 978-0849381287. * Oatman, Robert (2006). ''Executive Protection: New Solutions for a New Era''. Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. 978-1561679423. * Braunig, Martha J. (1993). ''The Executive Protection Bible''. Aspen, Colo.: ESI Education Development Corp. . * De Becker, Gavin (2002). ''Fear Less: Real Truth About Risk, Safety, and Security in a Time of Terrorism''. Boston: Little, Brown. . * De Becker, Gavin (1997). ''The Gift of Fear: Survival Signals That Protect Us from Violence''. Boston: Little, Brown. . * De Becker, Gavin, Thomas A. Taylor, and Jeff Marquart (2008). ''Just 2 Seconds: Using Time and Space to Defeat Assassins: with a Compendium of Attacks against at-Risk Persons''. Studio City, Calif.: Gavin de Becker Center for the Study and Reduction of Violence. . ww.just2seconds.org* De Becker, Gavin (1999). ''Protecting the Gift: Keeping Children and Teenagers Safe (and Parents Sane)''. New York: Dial Press. . * Karlin, Susan (November 8, 2007)
"Covering Your Assets"
''
Condé Nast Portfolio Portfolio.com was a website published by American City Business Journals that provideed news and information for small to mid-sized businesses (SMB). It was previously the website for the monthly business magazine ''Condé Nast Portfolio'', pub ...
''. * Karlin, Susan (November 8, 2007)
"How to Choose an Executive Protection Firm"
''
Condé Nast Portfolio Portfolio.com was a website published by American City Business Journals that provideed news and information for small to mid-sized businesses (SMB). It was previously the website for the monthly business magazine ''Condé Nast Portfolio'', pub ...
''. * Karlin, Susan (December 9, 2007)
"The Secret Weapon of the Stars"
ISRAEL21c. * Kobetz, Richard W., ed. (1991). ''Providing Executive Protection''

Executive Protection Institute. , . * Kobetz, Richard W., ed. (1994). ''Providing Executive Protection, Volume II''

Executive Protection Institute. . * Oatman, Robert L. (1997). ''The Art of Executive Protection''. Baltimore, Md.: Noble House. . *Colliver,"Rick"R.E.(2011)."Principal Protection; Lessons learned". Dublin, Oh.: Terrapin Group Publications. *Patrick Van Horne and Jason A. Riley (2014). "Left of Bang How the Marine Corps' Combat Hunter Program Can Save Your Life". New York, NY: Black Irish Entertainment LLC. {{ISBN, 978-1-93689-130-6. Security