Etamivan (
INN
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway; before the advent of motorized transportation they also provided accommo ...
, or ethamivan (
USAN
280px, "Samguk Sagi" Book 04. Silla's Records. In 512, Usan-guk（于山國）was Ulleungdo（鬱陵島）
Usan-guk, or the State of Usan, occupied Ulleung-do and the adjacent islands during the Korean Three Kingdoms period. According to th ...
); trade names Analepticon, Emivan, and Vandid) is a
respiratory stimulant drug
related to
nikethamide
Nikethamide is a stimulant which mainly affects the respiratory cycle. Widely known by its former trade name of Coramine, it was used in the mid-twentieth century as a medical countermeasure against tranquilizer overdoses, before the advent of e ...
. It was mainly used in the treatment of
barbiturate overdose
A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended. and
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by long-term respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. The main symptoms include shortness of breath and a cough, which may or may not produce ...
,
but has now largely fallen into disuse.
Adverse effects which are common to the respiratory stimulant class include sneezing, coughing, and
laryngospasm
Laryngospasm is an uncontrolled or involuntary muscular contraction (spasm) of the vocal folds. The condition typically lasts less than 60 seconds, but in cases partial blocking it may last 20 to 30 minutes and hinder inspiration, while exhala ...
when infused too rapidly. More serious adverse events include muscle twitching, tremors, and convulsions. The dose to treat barbiturate intoxication or
carbon dioxide narcosis in adults ranges from 0.5 mg/kg to 5.0 mg/kg, infused intravenously over several minutes. Epilepsy and the use of
monoamine oxidase inhibitors or other
adrenergic
Adrenergic means "working on adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine)" (or on their receptors). When not further qualified, it is usually used in the sense of enhancing or mimicking the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine ...
drugs are contraindications.
References
Stimulants
Respiratory agents
Phenols
Benzamides
Phenol ethers
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