Ernst Friedrich Karl Rosenmüller (10 December 1768 in Heßberg (
Hildburghausen
Hildburghausen ( IPA adapted from: ) is a town in Thuringia in central Germany, capital of the district Hildburghausen.
Geography
It is situated in the Franconian part of Thuringia south of the Thuringian Forest, in the valley of the Werra riv ...
) – 17 September 1835 in
Leipzig
Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as ...
Protestant
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...
theologian
Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...
Johann Georg Rosenmüller
Johann Georg Rosenmüller (18 December 1736 – 14 March 1815), a German Protestant theologian, was born at Ummerstadt in Hildburghausen, on 18 December 1736. He was appointed Professor of Theology at Erlangen in 1773, Primarius Professor of T ...
. He became identified with the
University of Leipzig
Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 December ...
, first as a student, in 1792 as a tutor, extraordinary professor of Arabic in 1796, and ordinary professor of Oriental languages from 1813 to the time of his death, 1835. He promoted the study of the
Arabic language
Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walter ...
, brought within the reach of theologians the rapidly increasing knowledge of his day with reference to the conditions of the East, and endeavored to raise the exposition of the language and statements of the Old Testament to the level of the science of his day. His Bible commentaries and Arab lexical studies were significant scholarly achievements.
Publications
* ''Scholia in Vetus Testamentum'' (16 pts., 1788–1817; excerpted in 5 pts., 1828–35)
* ''Handbuch für die Litteratur der biblischen Kritik und Exegese'' (4 pts., 1797–1800)
* ''Institutiones ad fundamenta linguae arabicae'' (1818)
* ''Das alte und neue Morgenland, oder Erläuterungen der heiligen Schrift aus der natürlichen Beschaffenheit, den Sagen, Sitten und Gebräuchen des Morgenlands'' (6 vols., 1818–20)
* ''Handbuch der biblischen Alterthumskunde'' (4 vols., 1823–31), of which portions concerning the flora, fauna and mineralogy of the Holy Land were translated into English:
** ''Biblical Geography of Asia Minor, Phoenicia, and Arabia'' (1836)
** ''Biblical Geography of Central Asia'' (2 vols., 1836–37)
** ''Mineralogy and Botany of the Bible'' (1840 * ''Analecta Arabica'' (1824)
Further, he published editions of Samuel Bochart, Bochart's ''Hierozoicon'' (1796) with notes by himself, and of
Lowth Lowth is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
*Alfred Lowth (1817-1907), English cricketer
*Ambrose Lowth (d. 1545), English politician
*Colin Lowth (born 1987), English swimmer
*Edward Lowth Badeley (1803/1804–1868), English lawye ...
's ''Prælectiones'' (Leipsic, 1815), and brought out a pocket edition of the
Hebrew Bible
The Hebrew Bible or Tanakh (;"Tanach" '' Hahn's edition of 1830.