Enghien-les-Bains () is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the northern suburbs of

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the

département In the administrative divisions of France, the department (french: département, ) is one of the three levels of government under the national level (" territorial collectivities"), between the administrative regions and the communes. Ninety ...

Val-d'Oise Val-d'Oise (, "Vale of the Oise") is a department in the Île-de-France region, Northern France. It was created in 1968 following the split of the Seine-et-Oise department. In 2019, Val-d'Oise had a population of 1,249,674.

. Enghien-les-Bains is famous as a

spa resort A destination spa or health resort is a resort centered on a spa, such as a mineral spa. Historically, many such spas were developed at the location of natural hot springs or mineral springs; in the era before modern biochemical knowledge and ...

and a well-to-do suburb of Paris, developed in the nineteenth century around the scenic lake of Enghien. A

casino A casino is a facility for certain types of gambling. Casinos are often built near or combined with hotels, resorts, restaurants, retail shopping, cruise ships, and other tourist attractions. Some casinos are also known for hosting live entertai ...

, the only one in the vicinity of Paris, is located on the shores of the lake. Enghien-les-Bains Hotel des Quatre Pavillons

Name

The suffix ''les Bains'' (literally "the Baths") was added to the name when the ''

'' was incorporated in 1850, to distinguish this place from the Belgian city of

Enghien Enghien (; nl, Edingen ; pcd, Inguî; vls, Enge) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. On 1January 2006, Enghien had a total population of 11,980. The total area is , which gives a population de ...

, near Mons, and to acknowledge the

thermal bath A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (and sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa towns or spa resorts (including hot springs resorts) typically offer various health treatments, which are also known as balneoth ...

s for which Enghien-les-Bains is famous. The name Enghien itself does refer to the Belgian city, which was a fief of the

princes of Condé The Most Serene House of Bourbon-Condé (), named after Condé-en-Brie now in the Aisne ', was a French princely house and a cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. The name of the house was derived from the title of Prince of Condé (French: ''p ...

, a cadet branch of the French royal family, who inherited the duchy of Montmorency in 1633. In 1689 they were allowed by King

Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Ver ...

to rename the duchy of Montmorency to be the "duchy of Enghien", in order to revive the title, '' duc d'Enghien'', which they had lost in 1569 at the death of Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé, who had not legally registered the title. The village of Montmorency (now a city) continued to be known as "Montmorency", despite the official name change, but the name "Enghien" clung to the nearby lake and marshland that would later become the ''commune'' of Enghien-les-Bains.

History

Before the

French Revolution The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in coup of 18 Brumaire, November 1799. Many of its ...

, what is now Enghien-les-Bains was a lake and a marshland under the jurisdiction of Montmorency. In 1766, a priest at the oratory of Montmorency discovered a warm sulphur spring near the lake of Enghien, and the area began to develop as a spa resort. At the creation of the ''

communes An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, relig ...

'' in 1790, during the

, the area of Enghien was withdrawn from the jurisdiction of Montmorency and divided between several communes. In the nineteenth century, the development of Enghien led to its incorporation as a commune. The commune, which was named Enghien-les-Bains, was created on 7 August 1850 by detaching a part of the territory of

Deuil-la-Barre Deuil-la-Barre () is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is in the Department of Val-d'Oise and the arrondissement of Sarcelles. It is from the centre of Paris. Despite this proximity to the metropolis, Deuil has retained mu ...

and merging it with a part of the territory of Saint-Gratien, a part of the territory of

Soisy-sous-Montmorency Soisy-sous-Montmorency (, literally ''Soisy under Montmorency'') is a commune in the Val-d'Oise ''département'' located north of Paris, France. History On 7 August 1850, a part of the territory of Soisy-sous-Montmorency was detached and merg ...

, and a part of the territory of

Épinay-sur-Seine Épinay-sur-Seine (, literally ''Épinay on Seine'') is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. The church of Notre-Dame-des-Missions-du-cygne d'Enghien, designed by Paul Tournon, may be fo ...

Population

Transport

Enghien-les-Bains is served by two stations on the

Transilien Paris-Nord Transilien Paris-Nord is one of the sectors in the Paris Transilien suburban rail network. The trains on this sector depart from Gare du Nord in central Paris, and serve the north-west and north-east of Île-de-France region with Transilien lines H ...

suburban rail line: La Barre–Ormesson and Enghien-les-Bains.

Education

Primary schools include: * Les Cygnes * Raoul Riet

Casino

Known as the biggest place to gamble near Paris, Enghien les Bains casino, which opened in 1901 was recently renovated to provide luxury and comfort to all tourists traveling to the capital of France. The resort has two hotels and offers to the guests the opportunity to dine in one of its many restaurants. You will also find bars and a theater where concerts and shows are organized. On the first floor of the casino, you will find nearly 40 table games featuring Blackjack, Punto Banco in addition to French and English Roulette.

Twin towns — sister cities

Enghien-les-Bains is twinned with: *

, Belgium (1957) *

Bad Dürrheim Bad Dürrheim ( Low Alemannic: ''Diirä'') is a town in the district of Schwarzwald-Baar, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated east of the Black Forest, 8 km north of Donaueschingen, and 6 km southeast of Villingen. From 195 ...

, Germany (1992)

Notable people

Marcel Bleustein-Blanchet Marcel Bleustein-Blanchet (21 August 1906 – 11 April 1996) was a French entrepreneur and advertising magnate best known as the founder of Publicis Groupe. He is also credited with inventing radio advertising in France, helped create the first ...

(1906–1996), member of the

Free French Free France (french: France Libre) was a political entity that claimed to be the legitimate government of France following the dissolution of the Third Republic. Led by French general , Free France was established as a government-in-exile ...

resistance and founder of the

Publicis Publicis Groupe is a French multinational advertising and public relations company. One of the oldest and largest marketing and communications companies in the world by revenue, it is headquartered in Paris. After 1945, the little-known Paris ...

advertising empire * Cyril Akpomedah (b. *1979), basketball player * Johanna Joseph (b. 1992), basketball player * Denis Ménochet (b. 1976), actor *

Mistinguett Mistinguett (, born Jeanne Florentine Bourgeois; 5 April 1873 – 5 January 1956) was a French actress and singer. She was at one time the highest-paid female entertainer in the world. Early life The daughter of Antoine Bourgeois, a 31-year- ...

(1875-1956), actress and singer * Alphonse Laurencic (1902–1939), Republican activist and trade unionist in Spain *

Laurine Lecavelier Laurine Lecavelier (; born 26 April 1996) is a French former figure skater. She is a two-time Cup of Tyrol champion (2017, 2019), the 2017 Toruń Cup champion, the 2016 Golden Bear of Zagreb champion, and the 2017 French national champion. She ...

(b. 1996), figure skater * Aurelien Collin (b. 1986), Football player for

New York Red Bulls The New York Red Bulls are an American professional soccer club based in the New York metropolitan area. The Red Bulls compete in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference. The club was established in October 1994 and be ...

of Major League Soccer * Philippe Méaille (b. 1973), Contemporary Art collector

External links

*
Enghien-les-Bains
** *

{{DEFAULTSORT:Enghienlesbains Communes of Val-d'Oise Spa towns in France Tourist attractions in Val-d'Oise Val-d'Oise communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia