Empress Xiaoshurui (孝淑睿皇后), of the

Manchu The Manchus (; ) are a Tungusic East Asian ethnic group native to Manchuria in Northeast Asia. They are an officially recognized ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name. The Later Jin (1616–1636) an ...

Plain White Banner Hitara clan (喜塔臘氏) was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and first empress consort of Yongyan, the Jiaqing Emperor. She was Empress consort of Qing from 1796 until her death in 1797, having been empress for barely a year.

Life

Family background

Empress Xiaoshurui's personal name was not recorded in history. * Father: He'erjing'e (), served as a second rank literary official () in the

Imperial Household Department The Imperial Household Department (; mnc, , v=dorgi baita be uheri kadalara yamun) was an institution of the Qing dynasty of China. Its primary purpose was to manage the internal affairs of the Qing imperial family and the activities of the inn ...

and a second rank military official (), and held the title of a third class duke () ** Paternal grandfather: Chang'an () ** Paternal grandmother: Lady Ligiya * Mother: Lady Wanggiya * One elder brother and one younger brother

Qianlong era

The future Empress Xiaoshurui was born on the 24th day of the eighth

lunar Lunar most commonly means "of or relating to the Moon". Lunar may also refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Lunar'' (series), a series of video games * "Lunar" (song), by David Guetta * "Lunar", a song by Priestess from the 2009 album ''Prior t ...

month in the 25th year of the reign of the

Qianlong Emperor The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 17117 February 1799), also known by his temple name Emperor Gaozong of Qing, born Hongli, was the fifth Emperor of the Qing dynasty and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper, reigning from 1735 ...

, which translates to 2 October 1760 in the

Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It was introduced in October 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian calendar. The principal change was to space leap years d ...

. On 5 June 1774, Lady Hitara married Yongyan, the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor, and became his primary consort. She gave birth on 2 June 1780 to his second daughter, who would die prematurely on 6 September 1783, on 16 September 1782 to his second son, Minning, and on 20 October 1784 to his fourth daughter, Princess Zhuangjing of the First Rank. According to Qing dynasty imperial medical records, Empress Xiaoshurui was of good health.

Jiaqing era

On 9 February 1796, the Qianlong Emperor abdicated in favour of Yongyan and became a

Retired Emperor Retired Emperor, Grand Emperor, or Emperor Emeritus is a title occasionally used by the monarchical regimes in the Sinosphere for former emperors who had (at least in name) abdicated voluntarily to another member of the same clan, usually their s ...

, while Yongyan was enthroned as the Jiaqing Emperor. On 12 February 1796, Lady Hitara, as the emperor's primary consort, was instated as empress consort. The Empress died of illness on 5 March 1797, having been empress for barely a year.

Daoguang era

The Jiaqing Emperor died on 2 September 1820 and was succeeded by Minning, who was enthroned as the Daoguang Emperor. In April or May 1821, he honoured his mother with the posthumous title "Empress Xiaoshurui".

Titles

* During the reign of the

(r. 1735–1796): ** Lady Hitara (from 2 October 1760) ** Primary consort (; from 5 June 1774) * During the reign of the Jiaqing Emperor (r. 1796–1820): ** Empress (; from 12 February 1796) ** ''Empress Xiaoshu'' (; from May/June 1797) * During the reign of the Daoguang Emperor (r. 1820–1850): ** ''Empress Xiaoshurui'' (; from April/May 1821道光元年三月)

Issue

* As primary consort: ** The Jiaqing Emperor's second daughter (2 June 1780 – 6 September 1783) ** Minning (; 16 September 1782 – 26 February 1850), the Jiaqing Emperor's second son, enthroned on 3 October 1820 as the Daoguang Emperor ** Princess Zhuangjing of the First Rank (; 20 October 1784 – 27 June 1811), the Jiaqing Emperor's fourth daughter *** Married Manibadala (; d. 1832) of the Tumed Borjigit clan in November/December 1802 ** Miscarriage at three months (18 August 1785)

In fiction and popular culture

* Portrayed by Yuen Yi-ling in ''

The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty ''The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty'' is a long-running four part television series about the history of the Qing dynasty. The series was produced by Hong Kong's ATV and was aired on ATV Home from September 1987 to May 1992.Yesasia.com.Yesasia.co ...

'' (1988) * Portrayed by

Natalie Wong Natalie Wong Kei-ying (Chinese name: 黃𨥈瑩, sometimes credited as 黃紀瑩 or 黃釲瑩) (born on 15 July 1976) is a Hong Kong actress affiliated with TVB. Miss Hong Kong start Wong entered the Miss Hong Kong Pageant in 1994 while study ...

in '' Wars of In-laws'' (2005) * Portrayed by

Sarah Song Sarah Song (; born 9 August 1985) is a Chinese-Australian television host, actress, professional MC, and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Chinese International 2007. Previously Song was crowned Miss Sydney Chinese 2006. Ear ...

in '' Curse of the Royal Harem'' (2011) * Portrayed by Jess Sum in '' Succession War'' (2018)

Notes

References

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Xiaoshurui, Empress 1760 births 1797 deaths Xiaoshurui, Empress Xiaoshurui, Empress Xiaoshurui, Empress 18th-century Chinese women 18th-century Chinese people