Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia ( ; Czech language, Czech and , ''Česko-Slovensko'') was a landlocked country in Central Europe, created in 1918, when it declared its independence from Austria-Hungary. In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, the Sudetenland beca ...

the first parliamentary elections to the

National Assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repr ...

were held in 1920, two years after the country came into existence. They followed the adoption of the 1920 constitution. Prior to the elections, a legislature had been formed under the name Revolutionary National Assembly, composed of the Czech deputies elected in

1911 Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory are added to the Commonwealth of Australia. * January 3 ** 1911 Kebin earthquake: An earthquake of 7.7 m ...

Cisleithania Cisleithania, officially The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council (), was the northern and western part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in the Compromise of 1867—as distinguished from ''Transleithania'' (i.e., ...

, Slovak deputies elected in Hungary in

1910 Events January * January 6 – Abé people in the French West Africa colony of Côte d'Ivoire rise against the colonial administration; the rebellion is brutally suppressed by the military. * January 8 – By the Treaty of Punakha, t ...

and other co-opted deputies.Edited by Keith Sword ''The Times Guide to Eastern Europe'' Times Book, 1990

Result

1920 Czechoslovak parliamentary election (National Assembly)

Chamber of Deputies

Senate

1946 Czechoslovak parliamentary election (Constituent National Assembly)

1948 Czechoslovak parliamentary election (National Assembly)

1971 Czechoslovak parliamentary election (Federal Assembly)

House of the People

House of Nations

First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938)

Parliamentary elections in the First Czechoslovak Republic were held in 1920, 1925, 1929 and 1935. The Czechoslovak National Assembly at the time consisted of a Chamber of Deputies (300 members) and a Senate (150 members). Parliamentarians were elected under a

proportional representation Proportional representation (PR) refers to any electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. The concept applies mainly to political divisions (Political party, political parties) amon ...

system using multi-member electoral districts.P. Jehlička, T. Kostelecký, L. Sýkora.
Czechoslovak parliamentary elections 1990: old patterns, new trends and lots of surprises
'

Second Czechoslovak Republic (1938–1939)

After the

German occupation of Czechoslovakia German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

in 1938, political parties suspended the democratic elements of elections. In the 1938 elections in Slovakia, parties not affiliated with the united list of Hlinka's Slovak People's Party were suspended. The 1938 elections took the form of referendum with the question "Do you want a new, free Slovakia?". No elections took place in the

Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia was a partially-annexation, annexed territory of Nazi Germany that was established on 16 March 1939 after the Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945), German occupation of the Czech lands. The protector ...

or the

Slovak Republic Slovakia, officially the Slovak Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, Hungary to the south, Austria to the west, and the Czech Republic to the northwest. Slovakia's ...

that existed between 1939 and 1945.

Third Czechoslovak Republic (1945–1948)

The only elections to the Constituent National Assembly were held in

1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...

, although with a limited number of political parties within the National Front. These were last free elections until 1990, following a 1948 coup.

Elections in Communist Czechoslovakia (1948–1989)

Elections in the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic (1990–1992)

With the decline of Communism, free elections were again reintroduced in 1990. These elections were held into each chambers of Federal Assembly and into each National Councils of the constituent republics: * 1990 Czech election * 1990 Slovak election After the 1992 parliamentary elections, the victorious parties initiated the

dissolution of Czechoslovakia The dissolution of Czechoslovakia, which took effect on December 31, 1992, was the Self-determination, self-determined Partition (politics), partition of the federal republic of Fifth Czechoslovak Republic, Czechoslovakia into the independent ...

, which took place on 1 January 1993.

References

{{Slovak elections