The Elbphilharmonie (; "Elbe Philharmonic Hall"), popularly nicknamed Elphi, is a

concert hall A concert hall is a cultural building with a stage that serves as a performance venue and an auditorium filled with seats. This list does not include other venues such as sports stadia, dramatic theatres or convention centres that ma ...

in the HafenCity quarter of

Hamburg Hamburg (, ; nds, label=Hamburg German, Low Saxon, Hamborg ), officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (german: Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg; nds, label=Low Saxon, Friee un Hansestadt Hamborg),. is the List of cities in Germany by popul ...

, Germany, on the Grasbrook peninsula of the

Elbe The Elbe (; cs, Labe ; nds, Ilv or ''Elv''; Upper and dsb, Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Re ...

River. It is among the largest in the world. The new glassy construction resembles a hoisted sail, water wave, iceberg or quartz crystal resting on top of an old brick warehouse (Kaispeicher A, built in 1963) near the historical Speicherstadt. The project is the result of a private initiative by the architect and real estate developer Alexander Gérard and his wife Jana Marko, an art historian, who commissioned the original design by the Swiss architecture firm Herzog & de Meuron, who developed and promoted the project (since 2003 in cooperation with the Hamburg-based real estate developer and investor Dieter Becken) for 3.5 years until the City of Hamburg decided to develop the project by itself. It is the key project of the new Hafencity development and the tallest inhabited building in Hamburg, with a final height of . The Elbphilharmonie was officially inaugurated with concerts of the NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra and a light show on 11 January 2017.

History

On 2 April 2007, the foundation stone was laid in the warehouse, in the presence of then First

Mayor of Hamburg The government of Hamburg is divided into executive, legislative and judicial branches. Hamburg is a city-state and municipality, and thus its governance deals with several details of both state and local community politics. It takes place in two ...

Ole von Beust,

Hochtief Hochtief AG is a German construction company based in Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.Hamburg Minister of Culture Karin von Welck and architect Pierre de Meuron. In 2007, the construction was scheduled to be finished by 2010 with an estimated cost of €241 million. In November 2008, after the original contract was amended, the costs for the project were estimated at €450 million. In August 2012, the costs were re-estimated to be over €500 million, which should also cover the increased cost for a strengthened roof. Construction work officially ended on 31 October 2016 at a cost of €866 million. The first public test concert at the Elbphilharmonie was held on 25 November 2016. The official opening concert took place on 11 January 2017 with a performance by the NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra under direction of Thomas Hengelbrock. The first musical selection was "Pan" from

Benjamin Britten Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976, aged 63) was an English composer, conductor, and pianist. He was a central figure of 20th-century British music, with a range of works including opera, other ...

's ''

Six Metamorphoses after Ovid ''Six Metamorphoses after Ovid'' (Op. 49) is a piece of program music for solo oboe written by English composer Benjamin Britten in 1951. History The piece was inspired by Ovid's ''Metamorphoses''. It is dedicated to oboist Joy Boughton, daught ...

''. Hamburg.Hafen.1882.jpg, Hamburg aerial view with Kaiserspeicher left-centre, 1882 Kaiserspeicher1.jpg, Kaiserspeicher, built 1875, damaged in WW2, demolished 1963 Kaispeicher A.jpg, Kaispeicher A by architect Werner Kallmorgen (built 1963) in 2005 ElbPhi gr. Modell 2.jpg, Elbphilharmonie model

Building

Elbphilharmonie Illumination svensson 31423763713

The building is designed as a cultural and residential complex. The original 1966 brick façade of the Kaispeicher A, formerly a warehouse, was retained at the base of the building. On top of this a footprint-matching superstructure rests on its own foundation exhibiting a glassy exterior and a wavy roof line. About one thousand glass windows are curved. The building has 26 floors with the first eight floors within the brick façade. It reaches its highest point with at the western side. The footprint of the building measures . A curved escalator from the main entrance at the east side connects the ground floor with an observation deck, the Plaza, at the 8th floor, the top of the brick section. The Plaza is accessible by the public. It offers a view of Hamburg and the

. From the Plaza the foyer of the concert hall can be reached. The Elbphilharmonie has three concert venues. The Great Concert Hall can accommodate 2,100 visitors whereby the performers are in the center of the hall surrounded by the audience in the vineyard style arrangement. The

acoustics Acoustics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound. A scientist who works in the field of acoustics is an acousticia ...

were designed by Yasuhisa Toyota who installed about 10,000 individually microshaped drywall plates to disperse sound waves. The Great Concert Hall contains a pipe organ with 69 registers built by

Klais Orgelbau Orgelbau Klais is a German firm that designs, builds and restores pipe organs. It is a family run company, founded in 1882 by Johannes Klais senior and is now run by his great-grandson Philipp Klais. The firm is based in Bonn, Germany, and has co ...

. The Recital Hall is intended for the performance of recitals, chamber music and jazz concerts; it can hold an audience of 550 people. In addition, there is the Kaistudio that allows for 170 visitors and is intended to serve educational activities. The consultant for the scenography of the concert hall was Ducks Scéno. The easternmost part of the building is rented by Westin as the Westin Hamburg Hotel that opened on 4 November 2016. The hotel offers 244 rooms between the 9th and 20th floors. The lobby in the 8th floor can be accessed from the Plaza. The upper floors west of the concert hall accommodate 45 luxury apartments. The complex also houses conference rooms, restaurants, bars, and a spa. A parking garage for 433 cars is part of the building complex as well.

Controversy

The project was criticized because of its cost and schedule overruns; construction was originally estimated to cost about €200 million, while the final cost was €870 million. However, upon completion,

Der Spiegel ''Der Spiegel'' (, lit. ''"The Mirror"'') is a German weekly news magazine published in Hamburg. With a weekly circulation of 695,100 copies, it was the largest such publication in Europe in 2011. It was founded in 1947 by John Seymour Chaloner ...

in a comparative analysis suggested that the overrun was relatively "modest" compared to some other international mega-projects. Despite the efforts of acoustician Yasuhisa Toyota, complaints about poor

in the hall have been aired. After the grand opening on 11 January 2017, many musicians as well as conductors called the acoustics in the hall "appaling" and "terrible". An initial review noted that "the hall is bright, very dry, direct, unforgiving. You can hear everything and immediately, for better and worse" and that "every sound—including coughs—can be heard most excellently in the hall. Every hawk, every sneeze and wheeze, every unwrapped lozenge shoots out, dry, like a daggered exclamation mark." On the other hand, in a 2019 performance of Mahler's '' Das Lied von der Erde'', audience members shouted, "can't hear you" at tenor Jonas Kaufmann, who himself later complained, "This hall does not help...".Joachim Mischke
"Nie wieder Elbphilharmonie? Jonas Kaufmann kritisiert Klang."
''Hamburger Abendblatt.'' 19 March 2019. Retrieved 5 October 2022.

Public transport

The nearest rail station is Baumwall on Hamburg Metro line 3, about away. The nearest bus stop is Am Kaiserkai, away.

Ferry services

Elbphilharmonie is the name of a ferry pier, reachable from Hamburg's St. Pauli Piers.

Gallery

Hamburg on the Elbe -a.jpg, Elbphilharmonie construction in December 2009 RK 1009 9904 Elbphilharmonie HafenCity.jpg, Aerial view, September 2010 Elbphilharmonie 2014 - Elb 0002bec1.jpg, Aerial view with ferry pier in the top right corner, May 2013 Elbphilharmonie, Februar 2015-4969.jpg, Closeup of the facade, February 2015 Hamburg, Schwedische Gustaf-Adolfs-Kirche (und Elbphilharmonie) -- 2016 -- 3171.jpg, Gustaf Adolfs Church and the Elbphilharmonie, June 2016 Hamburg - Elbphilharmonie - 2016.jpg, Elbphilharmonie, August 2016 Elbphilharmonie ist fertig.jpg,

Blinkenlights Blinkenlights is a neologism for Blinkenlights#Actual blinkenlights, diagnostic lights usually on the front panels on old mainframe computers, minicomputers, many early microcomputers, and modern network hardware. It has been seen as a skeu ...

-like "Fertig" ("finished") message, construction completed 31 October 2016 Hamburg Elbphilharmonie Dach.jpg, Detail of the roof construction

References

External links

*
Picture of the Elbe Philharmonic Hall

Live Webcam showing the Elbphilharmonie

alternative link: https://www.elbphilharmonie.de/de/mediathek/elbphilharmonie-sessions-meute/615# --> ''Elbphilharmonie Sessions''
a live concert of techno marching band MEUTE on the rooftop, with aerial views of the building, 2021 9:27 {{Authority control Buildings and structures in Hamburg-Mitte Culture in Hamburg Music in Hamburg Concert halls in Germany Deconstructivism Herzog & de Meuron buildings Tourist attractions in Hamburg Skyscrapers in Hamburg Residential skyscrapers in Germany Skyscraper hotels in Germany Music venues completed in 2017 2017 establishments in Germany