El Oued Province
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El Oued ( ar, ولاية الوادي, ber, ⴻⵍ oⵓⴻⴷ) is a
Sahara , photo = Sahara real color.jpg , photo_caption = The Sahara taken by Apollo 17 astronauts, 1972 , map = , map_image = , location = , country = , country1 = , ...
n
province A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions out ...
of
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
(n° 39) dominated by ''
Oued Wadi ( ar, وَادِي, wādī), alternatively ''wād'' ( ar, وَاد), North African Arabic Oued, is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a valley. In some instances, it may refer to a wet (ephemeral) riverbed that contains water o ...
Souf''. It was named after its eponymous capital. Notable towns include
El Oued El Oued ( ar, اﻟﻮادي, ber, Suf meaning ''the River''), Souf or Oued Souf is a city, and the capital of El Oued Province, in Algeria. The oasis town is watered by an underground river, hence its name is El Oued which enables date palm culti ...
itself and
El M'Ghair El M'Ghair ( ar, اﻟﻤﻐﻴﺮ), also called El Meghaïer or Mhraïer, is a town and commune, and capital of El M'Ghair District and El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 49,793, up from 40,228 in 1 ...
,
Djamaa Djamaa ( ar, ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ) (also written Jama'a) is a town and commune in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 50,916, up from 37,438 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%. Geography To the ea ...
and Guemar.


Geography


Physical geography

El Oued Province lies in the Sahara desert in northeast Algeria. The mostly uninhabited southern half of the province is covered by the Grand Erg Oriental, a vast region of uninterrupted
sand dunes A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, fl ...
. The northern half of the province is a mixture of sandy desert with scarce vegetation, scattered
oases In ecology, an oasis (; ) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment'ksar''with its surrounding feeding source, the palm grove, within a relational and circulatory nomadic system.” The location of oases has been of critical im ...
, and
salt lakes A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per litre). ...
. The most notable oases are the Oued Souf region, upon which the capital El Oued and neighbouring towns are built, as well as oases located near the towns of
El M'Ghair El M'Ghair ( ar, اﻟﻤﻐﻴﺮ), also called El Meghaïer or Mhraïer, is a town and commune, and capital of El M'Ghair District and El M'Ghair Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 49,793, up from 40,228 in 1 ...
and
Djamaa Djamaa ( ar, ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ) (also written Jama'a) is a town and commune in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 50,916, up from 37,438 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 3.1%. Geography To the ea ...
, both of which support extensive palm plantations.
Chott Melrhir Chott Melrhir () also known as Chott Melghir or Chott Melhir is an endorheic chott-kind of salt lake in northeastern Algeria. It is the westernmost part of a series of depressions, which extend from the Gulf of Gabès into the Sahara. They were cr ...
, a large
endorheic An endorheic basin (; also spelled endoreic basin or endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water, such as rivers or oceans, but drainage converges instead into lakes ...
salt lake, lies in the north-central part of the province, while Chott Felrhir is a smaller salt lake to its southwest, near El M'Ghair. These salt lakes, and the surrounding areas, lie as much as below sea level; nearby towns and villages including
Hamraia Hamraia ( ar, حمراية) is a town and commune in Reguiba District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 5,172, up from 3,938 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.8%. Geography Hamraia is near Chot ...
, Méguibra, Dendouga and
Aïn Cheikh Aïn Cheikh is a village in the commune of Sidi Khellil, in El M'Ghair District, El Oued Province, Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = ...
are also below sea level.


Climate

El Oued Province experiences a
hot desert climate The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification ''BWh'' and ''BWk''), is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert ...
. Winters are mild, with average temperatures around in January, but summers are hot with average temperatures around , average maxima around and the hottest days approaching .
Precipitation In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravitational pull from clouds. The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, sleet, snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail. ...
is very low throughout the province, but somewhat more rain does fall in the north, particularly during the winter and adjacent months.


Neighbouring districts

El Oued Province is bordered to the northeast by
Tébessa Province Tébessa ( ar, ولاية تبسة) is a province (''wilayah'') of Algeria. Tébessa is also the name of the capital, which in ancient times it was known as ''Theveste''. Another important city is El Ouenza. Tébessa is located only 20 kilometer ...
, to the north by Khenchela Province, to the northwest by
Biskra Province Biskra ( ar, ولاية بسكرة) is a province (''wilaya'') of Algeria. The capital city is Biskra. Tolga is one of the famous '' daïras'' of this wilaya. Other localities include Lichoua, Sidi Okba, Sidi Khaled, El-Kantara and Ouled Dje ...
, to the south and southwest by Ouargla Province, to the southeast by
Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...
's
Tataouine Governorate Tataouine Governorate ( ') is the southernmost of the twenty-four governorates of Tunisia, the only one to border both Algeria and Libya. It is also the largest, covering an area of 38,889 km². It had a population of 149,453 (at the 2014 ce ...
, and to the east by
Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...
's Tozeur and
Kebili Governorate Kebili Governorate ( ' ) is the second largest of the 24 governorates (provinces) of Tunisia. It is situated in south-western Tunisia, bordering Algeria. It covers an area of and had a population of 156,961 at the 2014 census.Biskra Province Biskra ( ar, ولاية بسكرة) is a province (''wilaya'') of Algeria. The capital city is Biskra. Tolga is one of the famous '' daïras'' of this wilaya. Other localities include Lichoua, Sidi Okba, Sidi Khaled, El-Kantara and Ouled Dje ...
in 1984.


Administrative divisions

The province is made up of 10
districts A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions ...
, which are divided into 22 ''communes'' or municipalities.


Districts

#
Bayadha Bayadha ( ar, اﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ) is a town and commune, coextensive with Bayadha District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 32,926, up from 26,535 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.2% ...
#
Debila Debila ( ar, اﻟﺪﺑﻴﻠﺔ) is a town and commune, and the capital of Debila District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 25,158, up from 20,088 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.3%. Cli ...
#
El Oued El Oued ( ar, اﻟﻮادي, ber, Suf meaning ''the River''), Souf or Oued Souf is a city, and the capital of El Oued Province, in Algeria. The oasis town is watered by an underground river, hence its name is El Oued which enables date palm culti ...
# Guemar #
Hassi Khelifa Hassi Khelifa ( ar, ﺣﺎﺳﻰ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ) is a town and commune, and capital of Hassi Khelifa District in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 31,784, up from 25,118 in 1998, with an annual growth ...
# Magrane #
Mih Ouensa Mih Ouensa (sometimes written Mih Ouansa or Mouïaf Ouennsa) is a town and commune, and capital of Mih Ouensa District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 15,593, up from 11,779 in 1998, and a populat ...
#
Reguiba Reguiba ( ar, اﻟﺮﻗﻴﺒﺔ) is a town and commune, and capital of Reguiba District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 40,367, up from 30,392 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.9%. Clima ...
#
Robbah Robbah ( ar, رﺑﺎح) is a town and commune, and capital of Robbah District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 21,965, up from 17,243 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.5%. The town lies abo ...
#
Taleb Larbi Taleb Larbi ( ar, ﻃﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ) is a town and commune, and capital of Taleb Larbi District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 7,074, up from 3,582 in 1998, with an annual of growth rat ...


Communes

#
Bayadha Bayadha ( ar, اﻟﺒﻴﺎﺿﺔ) is a town and commune, coextensive with Bayadha District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 32,926, up from 26,535 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.2% ...
#
Ben Guecha Ben Guecha ( ar, ﺑﻦ ﻗﺸﺔ) is a town and commune in Taleb Larbi District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 2,513, up from 1,036 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 9.5%, the highest in th ...
#
Debila Debila ( ar, اﻟﺪﺑﻴﻠﺔ) is a town and commune, and the capital of Debila District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 25,158, up from 20,088 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.3%. Cli ...
#
Douar El Ma Douar El Ma ( ar, دوار اﻟﻤﺎء) is a town and commune in Taleb Larbi District, El Oued Province, Algeria, near the border with Tunisia. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 5,543, up from 3,527 in 1998, and an annual grow ...
# El Ogla #
El Oued El Oued ( ar, اﻟﻮادي, ber, Suf meaning ''the River''), Souf or Oued Souf is a city, and the capital of El Oued Province, in Algeria. The oasis town is watered by an underground river, hence its name is El Oued which enables date palm culti ...
# Guemar #
Hamraia Hamraia ( ar, حمراية) is a town and commune in Reguiba District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 5,172, up from 3,938 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 2.8%. Geography Hamraia is near Chot ...
#
Hassani Abdelkrim Hassani Abdelkrim ( ar, حساني ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ) is a town and commune in Debila District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 22,755, up from 17,207 in 1998, with a population growth rate ...
#
Hassi Khelifa Hassi Khelifa ( ar, ﺣﺎﺳﻰ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ) is a town and commune, and capital of Hassi Khelifa District in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 31,784, up from 25,118 in 1998, with an annual growth ...
#
Kouinine Kouinine ( ar, آﻮﻳﻨﻴﻦ) is a town and commune in El Oued District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 10,076, up from 7,571 in 1998, with a population growth rate of 3.0%. Climate Kouinine ...
# Magrane #
Mih Ouensa Mih Ouensa (sometimes written Mih Ouansa or Mouïaf Ouennsa) is a town and commune, and capital of Mih Ouensa District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 15,593, up from 11,779 in 1998, and a populat ...
# Nakhla #
Oued El Alenda Oued El Alenda ( ar, وادى اﻟﻌﻠﻨﺪة) is a town and commune in Mih Ouensa District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 6,830, up from 5,839 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 1.6%. The ...
# Ourmes #
Reguiba Reguiba ( ar, اﻟﺮﻗﻴﺒﺔ) is a town and commune, and capital of Reguiba District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 40,367, up from 30,392 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.9%. Clima ...
#
Robbah Robbah ( ar, رﺑﺎح) is a town and commune, and capital of Robbah District, in El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 21,965, up from 17,243 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.5%. The town lies abo ...
#
Sidi Aoun Sidi Aoun ( ar, ﺳﻴﺪي ﻋﻮن) is a town and commune in Magrane District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 12,235, up from 10,018 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.1%. Sidi Aoun is connec ...
# Taghzout #
Taleb Larbi Taleb Larbi ( ar, ﻃﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ) is a town and commune, and capital of Taleb Larbi District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 7,074, up from 3,582 in 1998, with an annual of growth rat ...
#
Trifaoui Trifaoui ( ar, ﺗﺮﻳﻔﺎوى) is a town and commune in Hassi Khelifa District, El Oued Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 8,257, up from 6,361 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.7%. Climate Trifao ...


References

{{Authority control Provinces of Algeria States and territories established in 1984