Eduard Herzog (August 1, 1841 – March 26, 1924) was a Swiss Catholic

theologian Theology is the systematic study of the nature of the divine and, more broadly, of religious belief. It is taught as an academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itself with the unique content of analyzing the ...

and

cleric Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...

who was a native of Schongau, Canton Lucerne. He was the first Christian Catholic bishop of Switzerland. He studied theology under Karl Joseph von Hefele (1809–1893) at the

University of Tübingen The University of Tübingen, officially the Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen (german: Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; la, Universitas Eberhardina Carolina), is a public research university located in the city of Tübingen, Baden-W� ...

, and in 1866 continued his studies at the

University of Freiburg The University of Freiburg (colloquially german: Uni Freiburg), officially the Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg (german: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg), is a public research university located in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemb ...

. During the following year he received his

ordination Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart and elevated from the laity class to the clergy, who are thus then authorized (usually by the denominational hierarchy composed of other clergy) to perform v ...

, and in 1868 began teaching classes at the school of theology in Lucerne. During the Franco-Prussian War he served as a field minister in the

Bernese Jura Bernese Jura (french: Jura bernois, ) is the name for the French-speaking area of the Swiss canton of Bern, and from 2010 one of ten administrative divisions of the canton. Comprising the three French-speaking districts in the northern part of the ...

during the summer of 1870. In reaction to the First Vatican Council's decision regarding

papal infallibility Papal infallibility is a dogma of the Catholic Church which states that, in virtue of the promise of Jesus to Peter, the Pope when he speaks '' ex cathedra'' is preserved from the possibility of error on doctrine "initially given to the apos ...

, he expressed his opinions of opposition at the

Old Catholic The terms Old Catholic Church, Old Catholics, Old-Catholic churches or Old Catholic movement designate "any of the groups of Western Christians who believe themselves to maintain in complete loyalty the doctrine and traditions of the Great Chu ...

Congress at

Cologne Cologne ( ; german: Köln ; ksh, Kölle ) is the largest city of the German western state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and 3.6 millio ...

in September 1872. Shortly afterwards he served as an "

" parish priest in

Krefeld Krefeld ( , ; li, Krieëvel ), also spelled Crefeld until 1925 (though the spelling was still being used in British papers throughout the Second World War), is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located northwest of Düsseldorf, i ...

, and in March 1873 started serving as priest in

Olten Olten (High Alemannic: ''Oute'') is a town in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland and capital of the district of the same name. Olten's railway station is within 30 minutes of Zürich, Basel, Bern, and Lucerne by train, and is a rail hub of ...

. In 1876 he became pastor at the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Bern, as well as professor at the newly established Old Catholic Faculty of the

University of Bern The University of Bern (german: Universität Bern, french: Université de Berne, la, Universitas Bernensis) is a university in the Swiss capital of Bern and was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the Canton of Bern. It is a compreh ...

. In June 1876 he was appointed the first Christian Catholic Church bishop of Switzerland, and on September 18, 1876, was consecrated at Rheinfelden by

Joseph Hubert Reinkens Joseph Hubert Reinkens (March 1, 1821 – January 4, 1896) was the first Germany, German Old Catholic Church, Old Catholic bishop. Biography He was born at Burtscheid (now part of Aachen) in the Rhine Province, the son of a gardener. In 1836, on ...

(1821–1896). Later that year, he was officially

excommunicated Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to end or at least regulate the communion of a member of a congregation with other members of the religious institution who are in normal communion with each other. The purpose ...

by Pope Pius IX. Herzog died in Bern.

Selected publications

* ''Über Religionsfreiheit in der helvetischen Republik'' (About Religious Freedom in the Helvetic Republic); (1884) * ''Leo XIII. als Retter der gesellschaftlichen Ordnung'' (

Leo XIII Pope Leo XIII ( it, Leone XIII; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was the head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death in July 1903. Living until the age of 93, he was the second-ol ...

. As Savior of the Social Order); (1888) * ''Beiträge zur Vorgeschichte der christkatholischen Kirche der Schweiz'' (Contributions to the History of the Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland); (1896) * ''Predigten und Hirtenbriefe'' (Sermons and Pastoral Letters), (1886-1901, three volumes)

References

* This article is based on a translation of an equivalent article at the German Wikipedia, whose references includ
Herzog, Eduard
at Deutsche Biographie.

External links

article from Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge {{DEFAULTSORT:Herzog, Eduard 1841 births 1924 deaths People from Hochdorf District Swiss Old Catholic bishops Swiss Old Catholic theologians University of Tübingen alumni University of Freiburg alumni University of Bern faculty People excommunicated by the Catholic Church 19th-century Christian theologians 20th-century Christian theologians