Eddie Cantor
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Eddie Cantor (born Isidore Itzkowitz; January 31, 1892 – October 10, 1964) was an American comedian, actor, dancer, singer, songwriter, film producer, screenwriter and author. Familiar to Broadway, radio, movie, and early television audiences, this "Apostle of Pep" was regarded almost as a family member by millions because his top-rated radio shows revealed intimate stories and amusing anecdotes about his wife Ida and five daughters. Some of his hits include " Makin' Whoopee", "Ida (Sweet as Apple Cider)", "
If You Knew Susie "If You Knew Susie" is the title of a popular song written by Buddy DeSylva and Joseph Meyer. It was published by Shapiro, Bernstein & Co. in 1925. In the largely comic song, a man sings that he knows a certain woman named Susie to be much wilde ...
", "
Ma! He's Making Eyes at Me "Ma, He's Making Eyes At Me", alternatively sung as "Ma, She's Making Eyes At Me", is a song published in 1921. The lyrics were by the American composer and comedian Sidney Clare, and the music was by the American songwriter and producer Con C ...
", “ Mandy”, " My Baby Just Cares for Me”, "Margie", and "
How Ya Gonna Keep 'em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree)? "How Ya Gonna Keep 'em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree?)" is a World War I song that rose to popularity after the war had ended. The lyrics highlight concern that soldiers would not want to return to their family farms after experienci ...
" He also wrote a few songs, including " Merrily We Roll Along", the '' Merrie Melodies'' Warner Bros. cartoon theme. His eye-rolling song-and-dance routines eventually led to his nickname "Banjo Eyes". In 1933, artist Frederick J. Garner caricatured Cantor with large round eyes resembling the drum-like pot of a banjo. Cantor's eyes became his trademark, often exaggerated in illustrations, and leading to his appearance on Broadway in the musical '' Banjo Eyes'' (1941). His charity and humanitarian work was extensive, and he helped to develop March of Dimes; he is credited with coining its name. Cantor was awarded an honorary Oscar in 1956 for distinguished service to the film industry.


Early life

Reports and accounts of Cantor's early life often conflict with one another. What is known is that he was born in New York City, the son of Mechel Iskowitz (also Michael), an amateur violinist, and his wife Meta Kantrowitz Iskowitz (also Maite), a young Jewish couple from
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
. It is generally accepted that he was born in 1892, though the day is subject to debate, with either January 31 or
Rosh Hashanah Rosh HaShanah ( he, רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, , literally "head of the year") is the Jewish New Year. The biblical name for this holiday is Yom Teruah (, , lit. "day of shouting/blasting") It is the first of the Jewish High Holy Days (, , ...
, which was on September 10 or September 11, being reported. Although it was reported Cantor was an orphan, his mother dying in childbirth and his father of
pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. The severit ...
, official records say otherwise; Meta died from complications of
tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, ...
in July 1894 and the fate of Mechel is unclear, as no death certificate exists for him. There is also discrepancy as to his name; both his 1957 autobiography and ''The New York Times'' obituary for Cantor listed his birth name as Isidore Iskowitch but articles published after the 20th century list his birth name as Edward Israel Itzkowitz. His grandmother, Esther Kantrowitz (died January 29, 1917), took custody of him, and referred to him as Izzy and Itchik, both diminutives for Isidor, and his last name, due to a clerical error, was thought to be Kantrowitz and shortened to Kanter. No birth certificate existed for him, not unusual for someone born in New York in the 19th century.


Stage


Saloon songs to vaudeville

By his early teens, Cantor began winning talent contests at local theaters and started appearing on stage. One of his earliest paying jobs was doubling as a waiter and performer, singing for tips at Carey Walsh's Coney Island saloon, where a young
Jimmy Durante James Francis Durante ( , ; February 10, 1893 – January 29, 1980) was an American comedian, actor, singer, vaudevillian, and pianist. His distinctive gravelly speech, Lower East Side accent, comic language-butchery, jazz-influenced son ...
accompanied him on piano. He made his first public appearance in
Vaudeville Vaudeville (; ) is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 19th century. A vaudeville was originally a comedy without psychological or moral intentions, based on a comical situation: a dramatic composition ...
in 1907 at New York's Clinton Music Hall. In 1912, he was the only performer over the age of 20 to appear in Gus Edwards's ''Kid Kabaret'', where he created his first blackface character "Jefferson". He later toured with
Al Lee Al Lee (born June 8, 1893) was a Boston-born American actor, producer and manager in vaudeville and silent films. Lee married actress Lilyan Tashman in 1914, but the couple divorced in 1921. Tashman met Lee while working on a double act with E ...
as the team Cantor and Lee. Critical praise from that show got the attention of Broadway's top producer Florenz Ziegfeld, who gave Cantor a spot in the Ziegfeld rooftop post-show, ''Midnight Frolic'' (1917).


Broadway

A year later, Cantor made his Broadway debut in the '' Ziegfeld Follies of 1917''. He continued in the ''Follies'' until 1927,"Eddie Cantor Broadway Credits"
Internet Broadway database listing, retrieved December 24, 2009
a period considered the best years of the long-running revue. For several years, Cantor co-starred in an act with pioneer comedian Bert Williams, both appearing in blackface; Cantor played Williams's fresh-talking son. Other co-stars with Cantor during his time in the ''Follies'' included Will Rogers, Marilyn Miller,
Fanny Brice Fania Borach (October 29, 1891 – May 29, 1951), known professionally as Fanny Brice or Fannie Brice, was an American comedienne, illustrated song model, singer, and theater and film actress who made many stage, radio, and film appearances. ...
, and
W.C. Fields WC or wc may refer to: * Water closet or flush toilet Arts and entertainment * ''W.C.'' (film), an Irish feature film * WC (band), a Polish punk rock band * WC (rapper), a rapper from Los Angeles, California * Westside Connection, former h ...
. He moved on to stardom in book musicals, starting with '' Kid Boots'' (1923) and '' Whoopee!'' (1928). On tour with ''Banjo Eyes'', he romanced the unknown Jacqueline Susann, who had a small part in the show and who became the best-selling author of '' Valley of the Dolls''.BANJO EYES' successful Broadway run was cut short when Cantor suffered a major heart attack---the first of several that would plague his later years.


Steel Pier, Atlantic City

Cantor was a headliner at The Steel Pier Theater in Atlantic City. * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1917'' – revue – performer * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1918'' – revue – performer, co-composer and co-lyricist for "Broadway's Not a Bad Place After All" with Harry Ruby * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1919'' – revue – performer, lyricist for "(Oh! She's the) Last Rose of Summer" * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1920'' – revue – composer for "Green River", composer and lyricist for "Every Blossom I See Reminds Me of You" and "I Found a Baby on My Door Step" * ''The Midnight Rounders of 1920'' – revue – performer * ''Broadway Brevities of 1920'' – revue – performer * '' Make It Snappy'' (1922) – revue – performer, co-bookwriter * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1923'' – revue – sketch writer * '' Kid Boots'' (1923) – musical comedy – actor in the role of "Kid Boots" (the Caddie Master) * ''Ziegfeld Follies of 1927'' – revue – performer, co-bookwriter * ''Whoopee!'' (1928) – musical comedy – actor in the role of "Henry Williams" * ''Eddie Cantor at the Palace'' (1931) – solo performance * ''Banjo Eyes'' (1941) – musical comedy – actor in the role of "Erwin Trowbridge" * ''
Nellie Bly Elizabeth Cochran Seaman (born Elizabeth Jane Cochran; May 5, 1864 – January 27, 1922), better known by her pen name Nellie Bly, was an American journalist, industrialist, inventor, and charity worker who was widely known for her record-breaki ...
'' (1946) – musical comedy – co-producer


Radio and recordings


Radio

Cantor appeared on radio as early as February 3, 1922, as indicated by this news item from Connecticut's ''
Bridgeport Telegram The ''Connecticut Post'' is a daily newspaper located in Bridgeport, Connecticut. It serves Fairfield County and the Lower Naugatuck Valley. Municipalities in the Post's circulation area include Ansonia, Bridgeport, Darien, Derby, Easton, F ...
'': :Local radio operators listened to one of the finest programs yet produced over the radiophone last night. The program of entertainment which included some of the stars of Broadway musical comedy and vaudeville was broadcast from the Newark, New Jersey station
WDY WDY was an AM radio station located in Roselle Park, New Jersey, that was licensed to the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) from September 19, 1921 to February 20, 1923, although its broadcasting career only spanned the period from December 15, 19 ...
and the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania station KDKA, both of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. The Newark entertainment started at 7 o'clock: a children's half-hour of music and fairy stories; 7: 5? Hawaiian airs and violin solo; 8:00, news of the day; and at 8:20, a radio party with nationally known comedians participating; 9:55, Arlington time signals and 10:01, a government weather report. G.E. Nothnagle, who conducts a radiophone station at his home 176 Waldemere Avenue said last night that he was delighted with the program, especially with the numbers sung by Eddie Cantor. The weather conditions are excellent for receiving, he continued, the tone and the quality of the messages was fine. Cantor's appearance with Rudy Vallee on Vallee's '' The Fleischmann's Yeast Hour'' on February 5, 1931, led to a four-week tryout with ''
The Chase and Sanborn Hour ''The Chase and Sanborn Hour'' is the umbrella title for a series of American comedy and variety radio shows sponsored by Standard Brands' Chase and Sanborn Coffee, usually airing Sundays on NBC from 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. during the years 1929 to ...
''. Replacing
Maurice Chevalier Maurice Auguste Chevalier (; 12 September 1888 – 1 January 1972) was a French singer, actor and entertainer. He is perhaps best known for his signature songs, including " Livin' In The Sunlight", " Valentine", " Louise", " Mimi", and " Thank H ...
, who was returning to Paris, Cantor joined ''Chase and Sanborn'' on September 13, 1931. This hour-long Sunday evening variety series teamed Cantor with announcer Jimmy Wallington and violinist Dave Rubinoff. The show established Cantor as a leading comedian, and his scriptwriter,
David Freedman David Freedman (April 26, 1898 – December 8, 1936) (aged 38) was a Romanian-born American playwright and biographer who became known as the "King of the Gag-writers" in the early days of radio. Biography David Freedman was born in Botoşan ...
, as "the Captain of Comedy". Freedman's team included, among others, Samuel "Doc" Kurtzman, who also wrote for song-and-dance man, Al Jolson, and the comedian Jack Benny. Cantor soon became the world's highest-paid radio star. His shows began with a crowd chanting "We want Can-tor! We want Can-tor!", a phrase said to have originated in vaudeville, when the audience chanted to chase off an act on the bill before Cantor. Cantor's theme song was his own lyric to the Leo Robin/Richard Whiting song, "One Hour with You". His radio sidekicks included Bert Gordon, (comic Barney Gorodetsky, AKA The Mad Russian) and
Harry Parke Harry Einstein (May 6, 1904 – November 24, 1958), known professionally as Harry Parke and other pseudonyms, most commonly Parkyakarkus, was an American comedian, writer, and character actor. A specialist in Greek dialect comedy, he became famo ...
(better known as Parkyakarkus). Cantor also discovered and helped guide the career of singer Dinah Shore, first featuring her on his radio show in 1940, as well as other performers, including Deanna Durbin,
Bobby Breen Isadore Borsuk (November 4, 1927 – September 19, 2016), better known as Bobby Breen, was a Canadian-born American actor and singer. He was a popular male child singer during the 1930s and reached major popularity with film and radio appearanc ...
in 1936, and
Eddie Fisher Edwin Jack Fisher (August 10, 1928 – September 22, 2010) was an American singer and actor. He was one of the most popular artists during the 1950s, selling millions of records and hosting his own TV show, ''The Eddie Fisher Show''. Actress Eli ...
in 1949. Indicative of his effect on the mass audience, he agreed in November 1934 to introduce a new song by the songwriters J. Fred Coots and Haven Gillespie that other well-known artists had rejected as being "silly" and "childish". The song, " Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town", immediately had orders for 100,000 copies of sheet music the next day. It sold 400,000 copies by Christmas of that year. His NBC radio show ''Time to Smile'' was broadcast from 1940 to 1946, followed by his '' Pabst Blue Ribbon Show'' from 1946 through 1949. He also served as emcee of '' Take It or Leave It'' during 1949–1950, and hosted a weekly disc jockey program for
Philip Morris Phil(l)ip or Phil Morris may refer to: Companies *Altria, a conglomerate company previously known as Philip Morris Companies Inc., named after the tobacconist **Philip Morris USA, a tobacco company wholly owned by Altria Group ** Philip Morris Inte ...
during the 1952–1953 season. In addition to film and radio, Cantor recorded for Hit of the Week Records, then again for Columbia, for
Banner A banner can be a flag or another piece of cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan or another message. A flag whose design is the same as the shield in a coat of arms (but usually in a square or rectangular shape) is called a banner of arms. Als ...
and
Decca Decca may refer to: Music * Decca Records or Decca Music Group, a record label * Decca Gold, a classical music record label owned by Universal Music Group * Decca Broadway, a musical theater record label * Decca Studios, a recording facility in We ...
and various small labels. In the early 1960s, he syndicated the short radio segment "Ask Eddie Cantor". His heavy political involvement began early in his career, including his participation in the strike to form Actors Equity in 1919, provoking the anger of father figure and producer, Florenz Ziegfeld. At the
1939 New York World's Fair The 1939–40 New York World's Fair was a world's fair held at Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, New York, United States. It was the second-most expensive American world's fair of all time, exceeded only by St. Louis's Louisiana Purc ...
, Cantor publicly denounced antisemitic radio personality
Father Charles Coughlin Charles Edward Coughlin ( ; October 25, 1891 – October 27, 1979), commonly known as Father Coughlin, was a Canadian-American Catholic priest based in the United States near Detroit. He was the founding priest of the National Shrine of the ...
and then was dropped by his radio sponsor Camel cigarettes. A year and a half later, Cantor was able to return to the air because of help from his friend
Jack Benny Jack Benny (born Benjamin Kubelsky, February 14, 1894 – December 26, 1974) was an American entertainer who evolved from a modest success playing violin on the vaudeville circuit to one of the leading entertainers of the twentieth century wit ...
.


Recordings

Cantor began making phonograph records in 1917, recording both comedy songs and routines and popular songs of the day, first for Victor, then for Aeoleon-Vocalion,
Pathé Pathé or Pathé Frères (, styled as PATHÉ!) is the name of various French businesses that were founded and originally run by the Pathé Brothers of France starting in 1896. In the early 1900s, Pathé became the world's largest film equipment ...
, and Emerson. From 1921 through 1925, he had an exclusive contract with
Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. It was founded on January 15, 1889, evolving from the A ...
, returning to Victor for the remainder of the decade. Cantor was one of the era's most successful entertainers, but the 1929 stock market crash took away his multimillionaire status and left him deeply in debt. However, Cantor's relentless attention to his own earnings to avoid the poverty he knew growing up caused him to use his writing talent, quickly building a new bank account with his highly popular, bestselling books of humor and cartoons about his experience, ''Caught Short! A Saga of Wailing Wall Street'' in 1929 "A.C." (After Crash), and ''Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity!'' Cantor was also a composer, with his most famous song seldom attributed to him. In 1935, along with Charles Tobias (Ida's brother) and Murray Mencher, Cantor wrote "Merrily We Roll Along". It was adapted as the theme song for the ''Merrie Melodies'' series of animated cartoons, distributed by Warner Brothers Pictures between 1936 and 1964. Cantor himself was frequently caricatured in Warner cartoons of the period, (see Film and television: Animation).


Film and television

Cantor also made numerous film appearances. He had previously appeared in a number of short films, performing his ''Follies'' songs and comedy routines, and two silent features (''Special Delivery'' and ''Kid Boots'') in the 1920s. He was offered the lead in '' The Jazz Singer'' after it was turned down by George Jessel. Cantor also turned the role down (so it went to Al Jolson), but he became a leading Hollywood star in 1930 with the film version of '' Whoopee!,'' shot in two-color Technicolor. He continued making films over the next two decades until his last starring role in ''If You Knew Susie'' (1948). From 1950 to 1954, Cantor was a regular guest host on the television variety series '' The Colgate Comedy Hour''. On May 25, 1944, pioneer television station WPTZ (now KYW-TV) in Philadelphia presented a special, all-star telecast which was also seen in New York over WNBT (now
WNBC WNBC (channel 4) is a television station in New York City, serving as the flagship of the NBC network. It is owned and operated by the network's NBC Owned Television Stations division alongside Linden, New Jersey–licensed Telemundo stati ...
) and featured cut-ins from their Rockefeller Center studios. Cantor, one of the first major stars to agree to appear on television, was to sing "We're Havin' a Baby, My Baby and Me". Arriving shortly before airtime at the New York studios, Cantor was reportedly told to cut the song because the NBC New York censors considered some of the lyrics too risqué. Cantor refused, claiming no time to prepare an alternative number. NBC relented, but the sound was cut and the picture blurred on certain lines in the song. This is considered the first instance of television censorship. In 1950, he became the first of several hosts alternating on the NBC television variety show '' The Colgate Comedy Hour'', in which he would introduce musical acts, stage and film stars and play comic characters such as "Maxie the Taxi". In the spring of 1952, Cantor landed in an unlikely controversy when a young Sammy Davis, Jr., appeared as a guest performer. Cantor embraced Davis and mopped Davis's brow with his handkerchief after his performance. When worried sponsors led NBC to threaten cancellation of the show, Cantor's response was to book Davis for two more weeks. Cantor suffered a heart attack following a September 1952 Colgate broadcast, and thereafter, curtailed his appearances until his final program in 1954. In 1955, he appeared in a filmed series for syndication and a year later, appeared in two dramatic roles ("George Has A Birthday", on NBC's ''Matinee Theatre'' broadcast in color, and "Size.man and Son" on CBS's ''Playhouse 90''). He continued to appear as a guest on several shows, and was last seen on the NBC color broadcast of ''The Future Lies Ahead'' on January 22, 1960, which also featured Mort Sahl.


Animation

Cantor appears in caricature form in numerous ''
Looney Tunes ''Looney Tunes'' is an American animated comedy short film series produced by Warner Bros. starting from 1930 to 1969, concurrently with its partner series '' Merrie Melodies'', during the golden age of American animation. ...
'' cartoons produced for Warner Bros., although he was often voiced by an imitator. Beginning with ''I Like Mountain Music'' (1933), other animated Cantor cameos include ''Shuffle Off to Buffalo'' ( Harman-Ising, 1933) and '' Billboard Frolics'' (
Friz Freleng Isadore "Friz" Freleng (August 21, 1905May 26, 1995), credited as I. Freleng early in his career, was an American animator, cartoonist, director, producer, and composer known for his work at Warner Bros. Cartoons on the ''Looney Tunes'' and ...
, 1935). Eddie Cantor is one of the four "down on their luck" stars (along with
Bing Crosby Harry Lillis "Bing" Crosby Jr. (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer, musician and actor. The first multimedia star, he was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century worldwide. He was a ...
, Al Jolson, and Jack Benny) snubbed by Elmer Fudd in '' What’s Up, Doc?'' ( Bob McKimson, 1950). In '' Farm Frolics'' (
Bob Clampett Robert Emerson Clampett Sr. (May 8, 1913 – May 2, 1984) was an American animator, director, producer and puppeteer. He was best known for his work on the '' Looney Tunes'' animated series from Warner Bros. as well as the television shows '' ...
, 1941), a horse, asked by the narrator to "do a canter", promptly launches into a singing, dancing, eye-rolling impression. The Cantor gag that got the most mileage, however, was his oft-repeated wish for a son after five famous daughters. '' Slap-Happy Pappy'' (Clampett, 1940) features an "Eddie Cackler" rooster that wants a boy, to little avail. Other references can be found in ''
Baby Bottleneck ''Baby Bottleneck'' is a 1946 Warner Bros. ''Looney Tunes'' cartoon directed by Bob Clampett and written by Warren Foster. The cartoon was released on March 16, 1946, and stars Daffy Duck and Porky Pig. Tweety makes a cameo appearance in the fil ...
'' (Clampett, 1946) and ''Circus Today'' (
Tex Avery Frederick Bean "Tex" Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an American animator, cartoonist, director, and voice actor. He was known for directing and producing animated cartoons during the golden age of American animation. His mo ...
, 1940). In ''Merrie Melodies'', ''
The Coo-Coo Nut Grove ''The CooCoo Nut Grove'' is a 1936 Warner Bros. ''Merrie Melodies'' short animated film, set in the famed Cocoanut Grove of the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles. The cartoon was directed by Friz Freleng, with animation by Robert McKimson and San ...
'' Cantor's many daughters are referenced by a group of singing quintuplet girls. In ''Porky’s Naughty Nephew'' (Clampett, 1938) a swimming Cantor gleefully adopts a "buoy". An animated Cantor also appears prominently in
Walt Disney Walter Elias Disney (; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American animator, film producer and entrepreneur. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film p ...
's " Mother Goose Goes Hollywood" ( Wilfred Jackson, 1938) as
Little Jack Horner "Little Jack Horner" is a popular English nursery rhyme with the Roud Folk Song Index number 13027. First mentioned in the 18th century, it was early associated with acts of opportunism, particularly in politics. Moralists also rewrote and expa ...
, who sings " Sing a Song of Sixpence".


Books and merchandising

Cantor's popularity led to merchandising of such products as ''Eddie Cantor's Tell It to the Judge'' game from
Parker Brothers Parker Brothers (known by Parker outside of North America) was an American toy and game manufacturer which in 1991 became a brand of Hasbro. More than 1,800 games were published under the Parker Brothers name since 1883. Among its products we ...
. In 1933, Brown and Bigelow published a set of 12 Eddie Cantor caricatures by Frederick J. Garner. The advertising cards were purchased in bulk as a direct-mail item by such businesses as auto body shops, funeral directors, dental laboratories, and vegetable wholesale dealers. With the full set, companies could mail a single Cantor card each month for a year to their selected special customers as an ongoing promotion. Cantor was often caricatured on the covers of
sheet music Sheet music is a handwritten or printed form of musical notation that uses musical symbols to indicate the pitches, rhythms, or chords of a song or instrumental musical piece. Like its analogs – printed books or pamphlets in English, ...
and in magazines and newspapers. Cantor was depicted as a balloon in the
Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade The Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is an annual parade in New York City presented by the U.S.-based department store chain Macy's. The Parade first took place in 1924, tying it for the second-oldest Thanksgiving parade in the United States wit ...
, one of the very few balloons based on a real person. In addition to ''Caught Short!'', Cantor wrote or co-wrote at least seven other books, including booklets released by the then-fledgling firm of
Simon & Schuster Simon & Schuster () is an American publishing company and a subsidiary of Paramount Global. It was founded in New York City on January 2, 1924 by Richard L. Simon and M. Lincoln Schuster. As of 2016, Simon & Schuster was the third largest publi ...
, with Cantor's name on the cover. (Some were "as told to" or written with
David Freedman David Freedman (April 26, 1898 – December 8, 1936) (aged 38) was a Romanian-born American playwright and biographer who became known as the "King of the Gag-writers" in the early days of radio. Biography David Freedman was born in Botoşan ...
.) Customers paid a dollar and received the booklet with a penny embedded in the hardcover. They sold well, and H.L. Mencken asserted that the books did more to pull America out of the
Great Depression The Great Depression (19291939) was an economic shock that impacted most countries across the world. It was a period of economic depression that became evident after a major fall in stock prices in the United States. The economic contagio ...
than all government measures combined.


Activism and philanthropy

Cantor was the second president of the
Screen Actors Guild The Screen Actors Guild (SAG) was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30, 2012, the union leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to me ...
, serving from 1933 to 1935. He invented the title "The March of Dimes" for the donation campaigns of the
National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis March of Dimes is a United States nonprofit organization that works to improve the health of mothers and babies. The organization was founded by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1938, as the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, to comba ...
, which was organized to combat
polio Poliomyelitis, commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. Approximately 70% of cases are asymptomatic; mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe sy ...
. It was a play on '' The March of Time'' newsreels popular at the time. He began the first campaign on his radio show in January 1938, asking listeners to mail a dime to President Franklin D. Roosevelt. At that time, Roosevelt was the most notable American victim of polio. Other entertainers joined in the appeal via their own shows, and the
White House The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in ...
mail room was deluged with 2,680,000 dimes—a large sum at the time. Cantor also recorded a spoken introduction on a 1938 Decca recording of Alexander's Ragtime Band by
Bing Crosby Harry Lillis "Bing" Crosby Jr. (May 3, 1903 – October 14, 1977) was an American singer, musician and actor. The first multimedia star, he was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century worldwide. He was a ...
and Connee Boswell in which he thanks the listener for buying the record, which supported the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis. That record hit No. 1 on the charts, though Cantor did not sing on it. A lifelong Democrat, Cantor supported Adlai Stevenson during the 1952 presidential election.


Tributes

Cantor was profiled on ''
This Is Your Life This Is Your Life may refer to: Television * ''This Is Your Life'' (American franchise), an American radio and television documentary biography series hosted by Ralph Edwards * ''This Is Your Life'' (Australian TV series), the Australian versio ...
'', a program in which an unsuspecting person (usually a celebrity) would be surprised on live television by host Ralph Edwards, with a half-hour tribute. Cantor was the only subject who was told of the "surprise" in advance; he was recovering from a heart attack, and it was felt that the shock might harm him. In 1951 he received an honorary doctorate from
Temple University Temple University (Temple or TU) is a public state-related research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1884 by the Baptist minister Russell Conwell and his congregation Grace Baptist Church of Philadelphia then calle ...
. On October 29, 1995, as part of a nationwide celebration of the 75th anniversary of radio, Cantor was posthumously inducted into the
Radio Hall of Fame The Radio Hall of Fame, formerly the National Radio Hall of Fame, is an American organization created by the Emerson Radio Corporation in 1988. Three years later, Bruce DuMont, founder, president, and CEO of the Museum of Broadcast Communicatio ...
at Chicago's Museum of Broadcasting Communication. There was an Eddie Cantor caricature featured in Comedy Store, and flashing lights on it marked the end of auditions for comedians. Warner Bros., in an attempt to duplicate the box-office success of '' The Jolson Story'', filmed a big-budget Technicolor feature film '' The Eddie Cantor Story'' (1953). The film found an audience but might have done better with someone else in the leading role. Actor
Keefe Brasselle Keefe Brasselle (born Henry Keefe Brasselle February 7, 1923 – July 7, 1981) was an American film actor, television actor/producer and author. He is best remembered for the starring role in ''The Eddie Cantor Story'' (1953). Early years an ...
played Cantor as a caricature with high-pressure dialogue and bulging eyes wide open; the fact that Brasselle was considerably taller than Cantor did not lend realism. Eddie and Ida Cantor were seen in a brief prologue and epilogue set in a projection room, where they are watching Brasselle in action; at the end of the film, Eddie tells Ida "I never looked better in my life"... and gives the audience a knowing, incredulous look. George Burns, in his memoir ''All My Best Friends'', claimed that Warner Bros. created a miracle producing the movie in that "it made Eddie Cantor's life boring". Something closer to the real Eddie Cantor story is his self-produced feature ''Show Business'' (1944), a valentine to vaudeville and show folks, which was RKO's top-grossing film that year. Probably the best summary of Cantor's career is on one of the '' Colgate Comedy Hour'' shows. Re-issued on DVD as ''Eddie Cantor in Person'', the hour-long episode is a virtual video autobiography, with Eddie recounting his career, singing his greatest hits, and recreating his singing-waiter days with another vaudeville legend, his old pal
Jimmy Durante James Francis Durante ( , ; February 10, 1893 – January 29, 1980) was an American comedian, actor, singer, vaudevillian, and pianist. His distinctive gravelly speech, Lower East Side accent, comic language-butchery, jazz-influenced son ...
. Cantor appears as a recurring character, played by
Stephen DeRosa Stephen DeRosa (born June 10, 1968) is an American actor. He is best known for portraying Eddie Cantor in the television series ''Boardwalk Empire'' (2010–2013). Education He attended Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., as an undergrad ...
, on the series ''
Boardwalk Empire ''Boardwalk Empire'' is an American period crime drama television series created by Terence Winter and broadcast on the premium cable channel HBO. The series is set chiefly in Atlantic City, New Jersey, during the Prohibition era of the 1920 ...
''.


Personal life and family

Cantor adopted the first name "Eddie" when he met his future wife Ida Tobias in 1913, because she felt that "Izzy" was not the right name for an actor. Cantor and Ida (1892–1962) were married on June 6, 1914. They had five daughters – Marjorie (1915–1959), Natalie (1916–1997), Edna (1919–2003), Marilyn (1921–2010), and Janet (1927–2018). The girls provided comic fodder for Cantor's longtime running gag, especially on radio, about his five unmarriageable daughters. Several radio historians, including Gerald Nachman (Raised on Radio), have said that this gag did not always sit well with the girls. Natalie's second husband was the French-born American actor Robert Clary, who was best known for his role as Corporal Louis LeBeau on '' Hogan's Heroes''. Janet married the actor Roberto Gari. Following the death of their daughter Marjorie at the age of 44, Eddie's and Ida's health declined rapidly. Ida died on August 9, 1962, at age 70 of "cardiac insufficiency","Deaths", ''The New York Times'', August 10, 1962, p. 14 and Eddie died on October 10, 1964, in Beverly Hills, California after suffering his second heart attack at age 72. He is interred in
Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery The Hillside Memorial Park and Mortuary is a Jewish cemetery located at 6001 West Centinela Avenue, in Culver City, California. Many Jews from the entertainment industry are buried here. The cemetery is known for Al Jolson's elaborate tomb (desig ...
, a Jewish cemetery in Culver City, California.


Filmography

* '' A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots"'' (1923, DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film short film) as Himself * '' Kid Boots'' (1926) as Samuel (Kid) Boots * '' Special Delivery'' (1927) as Eddie Beagle – the Mail Carrier * ''
That Party in Person ''That'' is an English language word used for several grammar, grammatical purposes. These include use as an adjective, conjunction (grammar), conjunction, pronoun, adverb, and intensifier; it has distance from the speaker, as opposed to words lik ...
'' (1929, Short) as Eddie Cantor * ''A Ziegfeld Midnight Frolic'' (1929, Short) as Himself * ''
Glorifying the American Girl ''Glorifying the American Girl'' is a 1929 American pre-Code musical comedy film produced by Florenz Ziegfeld that highlights Ziegfeld Follies performers. The last third of the film, which was filmed in early Technicolor, is basically a Follies ...
'' (1929) as Eddie Cantor – Appearance in Revue Scenes * ''
Insurance Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss in which, in exchange for a fee, a party agrees to compensate another party in the event of a certain loss, damage, or injury. It is a form of risk management, primarily used to hedge ...
'' (1930, Short) as Sidney B. Zwieback * '' Getting a Ticket'' (1930, Short) as Himself * '' Whoopee!'' (1930) as Henry Williams * '' Palmy Days'' (1931) as Eddie Simpson * ''
Talking Screen Snapshots Talking may refer to: * Speech, the product of the action of ''to talk'' * Communication by spoken words; conversation or discussion Other uses * "Talking" (The Rifles song), 2007 * "Talking" (A Flock of Seagulls song), 1983 * "Talking", a song ...
'' (1932, Documentary short) as Himself * '' The Kid from Spain'' (1932) as Eddie Williams * '' Roman Scandals'' (1933) as Eddie / Oedipus * '' The Hollywood Gad-About'' (1934, Documentary short) as Himself (uncredited) * '' Kid Millions'' (1934) as Eddie Wilson Jr. * ''
Strike Me Pink "Strike Me Pink" is a song by American singer-songwriter Debbie Harry, released in 1993 as the second single from her fourth solo album, '' Debravation'' (1993). The song was written by Harry, Anne Dudley and Jonathan Bernstein, and produced by ...
'' (1936) as Eddie Pink * ''
Ali Baba Goes to Town ''Ali Baba Goes to Town'' is a 1937 musical film directed by David Butler and starring Eddie Cantor, Tony Martin, and Roland Young. Cantor plays a hobo named Aloysius "Al" Babson, who walks into the camp of a movie company that is making the ...
'' (1937) as Ali Baba * ''
The March of Time Volume IV, Issue 5 ''The'' () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. ''The'' is the m ...
'' (1937, Documentary short) as Himself * '' Forty Little Mothers'' (1940) as Gilbert Jordan Thompson * '' Thank Your Lucky Stars'' (1943) as Eddie Cantor / Joe Simpson * '' Show Business'' (1944, also producer) as Eddie Martin * '' Hollywood Canteen'' (1944) as Himself * '' Screen Snapshots: Radio Shows'' (1945, Short) as Eddie – The Eddie Cantor Program * ''
American Creed __NOTOC__ The American Creed is a term used to refer to the idea that the defining element of American identity, first formulated by Thomas Jefferson and elaborated by many others, includes liberty, equality, justice, and humanity. Not to be conf ...
'' (1946, Short) as Self * '' Meet Mr. Mischief'' (1947, Short, appears on poster) as Face on Station Program Poster (uncredited) * ''
If You Knew Susie "If You Knew Susie" is the title of a popular song written by Buddy DeSylva and Joseph Meyer. It was published by Shapiro, Bernstein & Co. in 1925. In the largely comic song, a man sings that he knows a certain woman named Susie to be much wilde ...
'' (1948) as Sam Parker * '' Screen Snapshots: Hollywood's Happy Homes'' (1949, Documentary short) as Himself * ''
The Story of Will Rogers ''The Story of Will Rogers'' (titled onscreen as ''The Story of Will Rogers as told by His Wife'')is a 1952 American Comedy Western film biography of humorist and movie star Will Rogers, directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Will Rogers Jr. a ...
'' (1952) as Himself * '' Screen Snapshots: Memorial to Al Jolson'' (1952, Documentary short) as Himself * '' The Eddie Cantor Story'' (1953) cameo appearance and singing voice dubbing for
Keefe Brasselle Keefe Brasselle (born Henry Keefe Brasselle February 7, 1923 – July 7, 1981) was an American film actor, television actor/producer and author. He is best remembered for the starring role in ''The Eddie Cantor Story'' (1953). Early years an ...


Bibliography

* ''My Life Is in Your Hands'' by Eddie Cantor (1928) with David Freedman; Harper & Bros. * ''Caught Short!: A Saga of Wailing Wall Street'' by Eddie Cantor (1929) Simon & Schuster * ''Between the Acts'' by Eddie Cantor (1930) Simon & Schuster * ''Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity!: The Eddie Cantor Five-Year Plan'' by Eddie Cantor (1931) with David Freedman; Simon & Schuster * ''The Rise of the Goldbergs'' by Gertrude Berg (1931) Foreword by Eddie Cantor; Barse & Co. * ''Your Next President!'' by Eddie Cantor (1932) with David Freedman, Illus. by S.L. Hydeman; Ray Long & Richard R. Smith, Inc. * ''Eddie Cantor in An Hour with You: A Big Little Book'' (1934) Whitman * ''Eddie Cantor Song and Joke Book'' (1934) Illus. by Ben Harris; M. Witmark & Sons * ''Ziegfeld: The Great Glorifier'' by Eddie Cantor (1934) with David Freedman; Alfred H. King * ''World's Book of Best Jokes'' by Eddie Cantor (1943) World Publishing Co. * ''Hello, Momma'' by George Jessel (1946) Foreword by Eddie Cantor, Illus. by Carl Rose; World Publishing Co. * ''Take My Life'' by Eddie Cantor (1957) with Jane Kesner Ardmore; Doubleday * ''No Man Stands Alone'' by Barney Ross (1957) Foreword by Eddie Cantor; B. Lippincott Co. * ''The Way I See It'' by Eddie Cantor (1959) with Phyllis Rosenteur, ed.; Prentice-Hall * ''As I Remember Them'' by Eddie Cantor (1963) Duell, Sloan & Pearce * ''Yoo-Hoo, Prosperity!'' and ''Caught Short!'' by Eddie Cantor (1969) Greenwood Press * "The Eddie Cantor Story: A Jewish Life in Performance and Politics" by David Weinstein (2017) UPNE/Brandeis University Press * ''The Golden Age of Sound Comedy: Comic Films and Comedians of the Thirties'' by Donald W. McCaffrey (1973) A.S. Barnes * ''Radio Comedy'' by Arthur Frank Wertheim (1979) Oxford University Press * ''The Vaudevillians: A Dictionary of Vaudeville Performers'' by Anthony Slide (1981) Arlington House * ''American Vaudeville as Seen by Its Contemporaries'' by Charles W. Stein, ed. (1984) Alfred A. Knopf * ''Eddie Cantor: A Life in Show Business'' by Gregory Koseluk (1995) McFarland * ''Eddie Cantor: A Bio-Bibliography'' by James Fisher (1997) Greenwood Press * ''Banjo Eyes: Eddie Cantor and the Birth of Modern Stardom'' by Herbert G. Goldman (1997) Oxford University Press * ''The Great American Broadcast: A Celebration of Radio's Golden Age'' by Leonard Maltin (1997) Dutton * ''My Life Is in Your Hands'' and ''Take My Life'' by Eddie Cantor (2000) Cooper Square Press * ''Film Clowns of the Depression: Twelve Defining Comic Performances'' by Wes D. Gehring (2007) McFarland * ''Eddie Cantor in Laugh Land'' by Harold Sherman (2008) Kessinger Publishing * ''Angels We Have Heard: The Christmas Song Stories'' by James Adam Richliano (2002) Star Of Bethlehem Books (Includes a chapter on Cantor's involvement in the history of "Santa Claus Is Comin' To Town"). * ''The Eddie Cantor Story: A Jewish Life in Performance and Politics'' by David Weinstein (2018) UPNE/Brandeis University Press


References


Further reading

* * Weinstein, David (2018). ''The Eddie Cantor Story: A Jewish Life in Performance and Politics''. Hanover, NH: UPNE/Brandeis University Press.
''A Few Moments with Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots"'' (1923)
A six-minute film made in Phonofilm by Lee De Forest featuring Cantor telling monologues and singing two songs in one of the earliest surviving sound motion pictures.
OTR Network Library: ''The Eddie Cantor Show'' (11 1936 – 52 episodes)


External links

* *


Eddie Cantor
at Virtual History
FBI file on Eddie Cantor
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cantor, Eddie 1892 births Eddie Cantor 1964 deaths 20th-century American comedians 20th-century American male actors 20th-century American singers 20th-century American male singers Academy Honorary Award recipients American autobiographers American humanitarians American male radio actors American people of Russian-Jewish descent Audio Fidelity Records artists Blackface minstrel performers Burials at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery California Democrats Jewish American comedians Jewish American male actors Jewish American musicians Jewish singers Eddie Cantor New York (state) Democrats Presidents of the Screen Actors Guild RCA Victor artists Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award Vaudeville performers Ziegfeld Follies 20th-century American Jews Members of The Lambs Club Presidents of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists United Service Organizations entertainers