East End Houston, managed by the East End District (EED), is a district in eastern

Houston Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 i ...

, Texas, United States, located between the eastern edge of downtown to the

Port of Houston The Port of Houston is one of the world's largest ports and serves the metropolitan area of Houston, Texas. The port is a 50-mile-long complex of diversified public and private facilities located a few hours' sailing time from the Gulf of Mexico. ...

and South to

Hobby Airport William P. Hobby Airport (colloquially referred to as Hobby Airport, Houston Hobby, or simply Hobby) is an international airport in Houston, Texas, located from downtown Houston. Hobby is Houston's oldest commercial airport, and was its primar ...

. The District is home to Houston's early history and industry and is the site of

Harrisburg Harrisburg is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States, and the county seat of Dauphin County. With a population of 50,135 as of the 2021 census, Harrisburg is the 9th largest city and 15th largest municipality in Pe ...

, the seat of government for the Republic of Texas in 1836. East End Houston consists of many different ethnic groups, including

Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to viceroyalties forme ...

, Asian,

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White o ...

, and

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

. Latinos make up more than half of the 100,512 residents, The area includes two of Houston's oldest Hispanic neighborhoods, Magnolia Park and Second Ward.

History

East End Houston is bounded on the west by

downtown Houston Downtown is the largest central business district in the city of Houston and the largest in the state of Texas, located near the geographic center of the metropolitan area at the confluence of Interstate 10, Interstate 45, and Interstate 69. The ...

and on the east by the

. Buffalo Bayou flows past the site of Harrisburg, an early Texas trading post and seat of government for the Republic of Texas in 1836. Founded by John Harris, for whom Harris County is named, Harrisburg was initially considered by the Allen brothers for the initial development of Houston. East End Houston was a primary area for relocation for Germans, Italians and Mexican Americans that settled in areas near the port of Houston. Second Ward and Magnolia Park, in the district, are two of Houston's oldest Hispanic neighborhoods. The Eastwood subdivision, established in 1913, is considered one of the first master-planned communities in Houston. Many well-known Houstonians including

Howard Hughes Howard Robard Hughes Jr. (December 24, 1905 – April 5, 1976) was an American business magnate, record-setting pilot, engineer, film producer, and philanthropist, known during his lifetime as one of the most influential and richest people in th ...

lived in Eastwood as children. The District has become popular among those who restore many of its vintage homes. In the mid-to-late 2000s upper middle class residents moved into East End Houston to take advantage of houses that are less expensive than west side houses. Other neighborhoods include: Lawndale/Wayside, EaDo ( East Downtown Houston), Broadmoor, Idylwood, Houston Country Club Estates, Forest Hill, Mason Park and Pecan Park. For several months leading into August 2007, the East End Chamber of Commerce Crime Awareness Committee argued that the Houston Police Department assigned insufficient police officers in the area. In 1997, Lori Rodriguez of the ''

Houston Chronicle The ''Houston Chronicle'' is the largest daily newspaper in Houston, Texas, United States. , it is the third-largest newspaper by Sunday circulation in the United States, behind only ''The New York Times'' and the ''Los Angeles Times''. With i ...

'' said "In the lifetime of some coalition members, the East End has gone from being mainly white to mainly Hispanic, mainly affluent to mainly modest, mainly thriving to mainly struggling," and that "a younger and more aggressive leadership is trying to revitalize the area and, to a touchingly discernible degree, it has succeeded."Rodriguez, Lori.
NEIGHBORLY NEEDS/Help for homeless touches raw nerve in the East End
" ''

''. Sunday March 16, 1997. A1. Retrieved on November 4, 2011. The Greater East End management district was established by a bill sponsored by Texas Senator Mario Gallegos and Texas Representative

Rick Noriega Richard Joel Noriega (born January 8, 1958) is a former American politician and retired major general in the Texas Army National Guard who is currently director of Harris County Universal Services (HCUS). From 1998 to 2009, Noriega was a Democr ...

after a petition circulated advocated for the establishment of the district. The Governor of Texas signed the bill into law in 1999. The 2002 East End murders involved the deaths of a 15-year-old girl and two waitresses. The perpetrators were arrested and convicted, with two of them receiving death sentences. – abbreviated version, titled:
Honduran man gets death in Houston slaying
, published in the ''

Plainview Daily Herald The ''Plainview Herald'', originally published as the ''Plainview Daily Herald'' is a daily newspaper in Plainview, Texas. The offices for the paper are located at 820 Broadway, Plainview, TX 79072. The newspaper is published in the nation's larg ...

Culture

The

Talento Bilingue de Houston Talento since 2004 is a wine term which exclusively refers to Italian sparkling wines vinified in the traditional method of in-bottle secondary fermentation and using only Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Pinot Blanc grapes.Houston Community College-Southeast campus which was dedicated in late 1997. The district is home to The Orange Show, Our Lady of Guadalupe Church, Mutalistan Hall, and a Chicano mural by artist Leo Tanguma on Canal Street. The Association for the Advancement of Mexican Americans opened the new $3.6 million AAMA Multi-Purpose Education Center in 1999. The center includes computer and science labs. The Ripley House-Neighborhood Centers successfully completed a capital campaign to raise $9 million to replace its 60-year-old, aging physical structure with a new community center.

Cuisine

In 2013 '' Houstonia'' wrote that East End Houston is "home to some of the city’s best Mexican restaurants and bakeries."Holley, Peter, John Lomax, and Todd Spoth.
25 Hottest Neighborhoods
(). '' Houstonia''. June 1, 2013. Retrieved on November 2, 2015. The original

Ninfa's The Original Ninfa's on Navigation is a popular Mexican restaurant located at 2704 Navigation Boulevard in Houston, Texas. The restaurant serves both Tex-Mex and Mexican cuisine. The Original Ninfa's was started by Ninfa Rodríguez Laurenzo, a ...

restaurant opened in East End Houston in 1973. The Ninfa's chain became very popular and prominent.Huynh, Dai.
Restaurateur Mama Ninfa dies
" ''

''. Monday June 18, 2001. A1. Retrieved on February 5, 2012. In 1997 Paul Galvani of the ''

Houston Press The ''Houston Press'' is an online newspaper published in Houston, Texas, United States. It is headquartered in the Midtown area. It was also a weekly print newspaper until November 2017. The publication is supported entirely by advertising ...

'' said that despite the fact that the East End has "standouts " like Ninfa's, Mandola's Deli, and Shanghai Reds, "it too frequently gets bypassed when folks think about eating out."Galvani, Paul.
Dish
" ''

''. Thursday May 29, 1997. Retrieved on February 6, 2012. In 1997 the East End Management Association published a dining guide listing 42 restaurants within the East End, including in the Second Ward, the original Chinatown, Magnolia Park, and other communities. The Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau and various area hotels and restaurants distributed the guides for free, and the East End Area Chamber of Commerce mailed copies of the guide, with each copy priced for $2.50 ($ when adjusted for inflation).

Government and infrastructure

The East End District is headquartered at 3211 Harrisburg Street. Three

Houston City Council The Houston City Council is a city council for the city of Houston in the U.S. state of Texas. Currently, there are sixteen members, 11 elected from council districts and five at-large. The members of the Council are elected every four years, w ...

districts, B, H, and I, serve sections of the East End. The Houston Fire Department operates several fire stations in the East End.Map
(). East End Management District. Retrieved on March 8, 2010. Three fire stations, Station 18 East End, Station 20 Magnolia Park, and Station 23 Lawndale are in Fire District 20. Station 17 Second Ward is in Fire District 8. In 1920 Station 2 was in what would later become the East End. In 1926 the station moved to what would become

Downtown Houston Downtown is the largest central business district in the city of Houston and the largest in the state of Texas, located near the geographic center of the metropolitan area at the confluence of Interstate 10, Interstate 45, and Interstate 69. The ...

. Harris County Precinct Two operates the Raul C. Martinez/East End Courthouse annex in the East End. In addition the county operates Courthouse Annex 39 in the East End. The

Houston Housing Authority Houston Housing Authority (HHA), formerly Housing Authority of the City of Houston (HACH), is the public housing authority in Houston, Texas. The Mayor of Houston appoints the board of directors of the HHA, but it itself is not a department of th ...

(HHA), formerly the Housing Authority of the City of Houston (HACH), operates the 296-unit Clayton Homes in the East End. Susan Vahn Clayton donated the property to the HACH in 1952. The development was modernized in 2007.

Harris Health System The Harris Health System, previously the Harris County Hospital District (HCHD), is a governmental entity with taxing authority that owns and operates three hospitals and numerous clinics throughout Harris County, Texas, United States, includin ...

(formerly Harris County Hospital District) designated the Ripley Health Center in the East End for the ZIP codes 77003, 77011, 77012, and 77023.

Martin Luther King Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...

Health Center is designated for ZIP code 77087. - See ZIP codes 77003, 77011, 77012, 77023, and 77087
See this map for relevant ZIP code
In 2000 Ripley was replaced by the Gulfgate Health Center.

.

Harris County Hospital District The Harris Health System, previously the Harris County Hospital District (HCHD), is a governmental entity with taxing authority that owns and operates three hospitals and numerous clinics throughout Harris County, Texas, United States, includin ...

. Accessed October 17, 2008. The designated public hospital is

Ben Taub General Hospital Ben Taub Hospital is a public hospital located in Houston, Texas within the Texas Medical Center. Having opened in May 1963, the hospital is owned and operated by the Harris Health System and is staffed by the faculty, residents, and students f ...

in the

Texas Medical Center The Texas Medical Center (TMC) is a medical district and neighborhood in south-central Houston, Texas, United States, immediately south of the Museum District and west of Texas State Highway 288. Over 60 medical institutions, largely concentrat ...

Cityscape

In 2011 Dane Schiller of the ''

'' said "Parts of the area have the feel of Mexico: brightly painted homes and narrow streets, store signs in Spanish and snow cones sold from carts." In 1997 Lori Rodriguez of the ''Houston Chronicle'' said that "the revitalization" that occurred in the 1990s "seems to abruptly stop at the railroad tracks that crisscross Harrisburg beyond the Plaza" and that "the slick national chains must share the commercial corridor with cantinas, empty buildings and halfway houses." In 2013, 24% of the land in the Greater East End was used for warehouses and industrial purposes. By 2015 new townhouse developments were appearing in the East End.

Communities

* Broadmoor * Eastwood * Idylwood * Lawndale/Wayside * Magnolia Park * Pecan Park * Second Ward

Economy

By 1997 new retail operations had been established in East End Houston. By the same year, the former Baker Hughes building was renovated into an complex, Central City Industrial Park. Five Texas state agencies, together with 1,200 employees, moved into the complex. KBR maintained offices in a campus on Clinton Drive,Dawson, Jennifer. "Plan for Clinton Drive stirs East End interest." ''

Houston Business Journal American City Business Journals, Inc. (ACBJ) is an American newspaper publisher based in Charlotte, North Carolina. ACBJ publishes The Business Journals, which contains local business news for 44 markets in the United States, Hemmings Motor New ...

''. Friday February 5, 2010
1
Retrieved on February 8, 2010. within the boundaries of East End Houston and the Fifth Ward. Retrieved on June 25, 2009. The KBR office complex is the former headquarters of Brown & Root. As of December 2010 KBR no longer operates this office. By 2001

Halliburton Halliburton Company is an American multinational corporation responsible for most of the world's hydraulic fracturing operations. In 2009, it was the world's second largest oil field service company. It has operations in more than 70 countries ...

owned the Clinton Drive campus. In August of that year Halliburton announced that it would consolidate 8,000 local employees to office space in Westchase. Halliburton planned to relocate around 2,000 employees from Clinton Drive and the industrial facilities would have been relocated to a location that was, in that month, undetermined. Sanford Criner, a principal at real estate brokerage Trione & Gordon, suggested that

gentrification Gentrification is the process of changing the character of a neighborhood through the influx of more affluent residents and businesses. It is a common and controversial topic in urban politics and planning. Gentrification often increases the ec ...

would turn what would have been the former Clinton Drive facility into entertainment, residential, or retail use, and that the facility would not have been redeveloped for office space usage.Sarnoff, Nancy.
Halliburton move could create hole in Houston's office market
" ''

''. Friday August 10, 2001. Retrieved on November 11, 2009. In December 2001 Halliburton canceled its plans to relocate employees to Westchase. Nancy Sarnoff of the ''

'' said that it made more sense for the company to lease existing space instead of constructing new office space in times of economic downturns.Sarnoff, Nancy.
Downtown up, Westchase down as Halliburton postpones project
" ''

''. Friday December 21, 2009. Retrieved on November 11, 2009. In 2010 KBR announced that it will vacate the Clinton Drive campus and move the 1,600 employees who work at the Clinton Drive office to the KBR offices in Downtown Houston. The company will then conduct an environmental cleanup of the Clinton Drive site. When

Weingarten's Weingarten's was a supermarket chain in the Southern United States until it was acquired by Safeway Inc., Safeway in 1983. J. Weingarten, Inc. had its headquarters in what is now the East End, Houston, East End in Houston, Texas. History Hersch H ...

existed, its headquarters was in what is now East End Houston. When Oshman's Sporting Goods existed, its headquarters were in East End Houston.Oshman's Sporting Goods
" ''

Bloomberg Businessweek ''Bloomberg Businessweek'', previously known as ''BusinessWeek'', is an American weekly business magazine published fifty times a year. Since 2009, the magazine is owned by New York City-based Bloomberg L.P. The magazine debuted in New York City ...

''. Retrieved on September 14, 2011. "2302 Maxwell Lane Houston, TX 77023 United States" When

RioStar Corp. RioStar Corporation was an American restaurant holding corporation controlled by Ninfa Laurenzo and her family. The company controlled the Ninfa's, Bambolino's, and Atchafalaya River Cafe brands. In March 1990, RioStar had 22 employees working in ...

(

parent company) existed, its headquarters were also in East End Houston.

Education

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools

Residents attend school in the

Houston Independent School District The Houston Independent School District (HISD) is the largest public school system in Texas, and the eighth-largest in the United States. Houston ISD serves as a community school district for most of the city of Houston and several nearby and ...

(HISD). Sections of areas within the Greater East End Management District are zoned to the following senior high schools: * Austin High School (in East End Houston) * Milby High School (in East End Houston) * Sterling High School (southeast Houston) **Prior to mid-2014 the area was zoned to Jones High School in South Park. As part of 2014-2015 rezoning, areas previously zoned to Jones within East End Houston were rezoned to Sterling. * Wheatley High School ( Fifth Ward) Eastwood Academy in East End Houston is an HISD charter school serving the Austin High School attendance boundary. HISD schools racially integrated in the 1970s. Prior to integration black students attended Wheatley High School and/or Yates High School. Until 1970 HISD counted its Hispanic and Latino students as "white."Kellar, William Henry. '' Make Haste Slowly: Moderates, Conservatives, and School Desegregation in Houston''.

Texas A&M University Press Texas A&M University Press (also known informally as TAMU Press) is a scholarly publishing house associated with Texas A&M University. It was founded in 1974 and is located in College Station, Texas, in the United States. Overview The Texas A& ...

, 1999. , 9781603447188. p
33
(Google Books PT14). State charter schools include: * KIPP Intrepid Preparatory School(5-8) * YES Prep East End, a charter school that, as one branch of YES Prep Public Schools, serves grades 6–12. It opened in 2006. It was in the Near North Side area, northwest of the East End Houston area. It is now within East End Houston. * George I. Sanchez Charter School

Private schools

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...

operates a single

K-8 school K8 or K-8 may refer to: * K-8 (Kansas highway), two highways in Kansas, one in northern Kansas, one in southern Kansas * K-8 school, a type of school that includes kindergarten and grades one through eight * AMD K8, the internal designation for the ...

in the East End: Our Lady of Guadalupe School in the Second Ward. Resurrection School is in nearby Denver Harbor. - The source states Resurrection School is in the East End, but it is i
Denver Harbor
which is not in th
East End district
The archdiocese previously also operated Queen of Peace School, which opened on September 8, 1947, in a four classroom building. The official website of the school stated that the school being shuttered was a possibility in the 1980s as the number of students fell significantly. That institution closed in 2020, partially due to the

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The novel virus was first identi ...

Colleges and universities

The

Houston Community College System Houston Community College (HCC), also known as Houston Community College System (HCCS) is a Public college, public community college system that operates community colleges in Houston, Texas, Houston, Missouri City, Texas, Missouri City, Greater ...

serves East End Houston. HCCS Southeast College is in East End Houston.

Public libraries

Three

Houston Public Library Houston Public Library is the public library system serving Houston, Texas, United States. History Houston Lyceum and the Carnegie Library The Houston Public Library system traces its founding to the creation of the second Houston Lyceum in 1 ...

locations are in East End Houston. They include the Patricio Flores Neighborhood Library, the Melcher Neighborhood Library, and the Stanaker Neighborhood Library.

Transportation

The

Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County The Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County (stylized as METRO) is a major public transportation agency based in Houston, Texas, United States. It operates bus, light rail, bus rapid transit, HOV and HOT lanes, and paratransit service (u ...

(METRO) operates public transportation services, including buses and the

METRORail METRORail is the light rail system in Houston, Texas (United States). In , the system had a ridership of , or about per weekday as of . METRORail ranks as the second most-traveled light rail system in the Southern United States and the 12th ...

tram service. METRORail stations include: On the

METRORail Green Line The Green Line is a METRORail light rail/tram, streetcar line operated by Metropolitan Transit Authority of Harris County, Texas, METRO in Houston, Texas, serving the East End, Houston, East End area. The first seven-station segment of this line ...

: * Coffee Plant/Second Ward * Lockwood/Eastwood * Altic/Howard Hughes In addition as of 1997 several companies offered international bus services to

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

from East End Houston. As of that year most of the passengers were Hispanics who were visiting family members. The international bus services from East End Houston were established in the 1990s.

Culture and recreation

The

YMCA YMCA, sometimes regionally called the Y, is a worldwide youth organization based in Geneva, Switzerland, with more than 64 million beneficiaries in 120 countries. It was founded on 6 June 1844 by George Williams (philanthropist), Georg ...

Cossaboom Branch opened in the 1950s. Circa 2018 the YMCA closed it stating that there were flooding concerns, and it sold the property to Jerome Karam, a lawyer from Friendswood, who planned to develop the property into a private gymnasium. The Cossaboom YMCA had 102 dormitory rooms, only allowing single male residents.

Notable residents

Carol Alvarado Carol Alvarado (born October 26, 1967) is the state senator for Texas's 6th state senate district. The district includes southeast Houston, and portions of Pasadena. She is a member of the Democratic Party. On December 11, 2018, Alvarado won a spe ...

, current Texas State Representative and former

member. *

Ninfa Laurenzo Maria Ninfa Rodriguez Laurenzo (nicknamed Mama Ninfa,
." Ninfa Laurenzo Early Childhood Center. Retrieved on Febr ...

, restaurateur and founder of

( Second Ward)Ruiz, Rosanna.
`She was the epitome of love' / Mama Ninfa remembered for restaurants, legacy of faith
" ''

''. Thursday June 21, 2001. Retrieved on February 6, 2012.

References

External links

*
East End HoustonEast End District
{{coord missing, Texas Neighborhoods in Houston Geography of Harris County, Texas