Earl Castle Stewart, in the

County Tyrone County Tyrone (; ) is one of the six counties of Northern Ireland, one of the nine counties of Ulster and one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland. It is no longer used as an administrative division for local government but retai ...

, is a title in the

Peerage of Ireland The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It is one of the five divisi ...

. It was created in 1800 for Andrew Thomas Stewart, 9th Baron Castle Stuart. The

Earls Earl () is a rank of the nobility in the United Kingdom. The title originates in the Old English word ''eorl'', meaning "a man of noble birth or rank". The word is cognate with the Scandinavian form ''jarl'', and meant "chieftain", particular ...

Castle Stewart claim to be the head representatives in the pure male line of the Scottish Royal

House of Stuart The House of Stuart, originally spelt Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fi ...

. They are directly descended from Sir Walter Stewart (died 1425), Keeper of

Dumbarton Castle Dumbarton Castle ( gd, Dùn Breatainn, ; ) has the longest recorded history of any stronghold in Scotland. It sits on a volcanic plug of basalt known as Dumbarton Rock which is high and overlooks the Scottish town of Dumbarton. History Dum ...

, younger son of

Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany ( gd, Muireadhach Stiubhart) (136224 May 1425) was a leading Scottish nobleman, the son of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, and the grandson of King Robert II of Scotland, who founded the Stewart dynasty. In 1389, he ...

, son of Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, younger son of King Robert II of Scotland. One of Sir Walter's sons, Andrew Stuart, was created Lord Avandale (or Avondale) in 1459 and became

Lord Chancellor of Scotland The Lord Chancellor of Scotland, formally the Lord High Chancellor, was a Great Officer of State in the Kingdom of Scotland. Holders of the office are known from 1123 onwards, but its duties were occasionally performed by an official of lower s ...

from 1460 to 1482. Another son, Walter Stewart, became feudal Baron of Morphie and was legitimised in 1479. His grandson Andrew Stewart was created Lord Avondale circa 1499, a revival of the title which had become extinct on his great-uncle's death in 1488. Andrew, Lord Avondale, was one of the many Scottish peers who were killed at the

Battle of Flodden The Battle of Flodden, Flodden Field, or occasionally Branxton, (Brainston Moor) was a battle fought on 9 September 1513 during the War of the League of Cambrai between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland, resulting in an English ...

in 1513. The eldest son of Lord Avondale (killed 1513),

Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale or Andrew Stuart, 1st Lord Ochiltree (died 1549), was a Scottish peer. Title Andrew was the son of Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale, a new creation which Andrew surrendered for a new investment as Lord Ochiltr ...

, exchanged the Lordship of Avondale with Sir James Hamilton for that of Ochiltree (see the

Lord Ochiltree Lord Ochiltree (or Ochiltrie) of Lord Stuart of Ochiltree was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. In 1542 Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale (see the Earl Castle Stewart for earlier history of the family) exchanged the lordship of Avondale with Si ...

for further history of this title) by an Act of Parliament in 1542, becoming Lord Stuart of Ochiltree. He was succeeded by his son,

Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree (c. 1521–1591) fought for the Scottish Reformation. His daughter married John Knox and he played a part in the defeat of Mary, Queen of Scots at the battle of Langside. Biography Andrew's father, Andrew Stewart ...

. In turn, his son, Andrew Stuart (also spelled as Andrew Stewart), succeeded him as 3rd

and became First

Gentleman of the Bedchamber Gentleman of the Bedchamber was a title in the royal household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain. A Lord of the Bedchamber was a courtier in the Royal Households of the United Kingdo ...

King James VI James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until hi ...

. To raise money, in 1615 he resigned the feudal barony of Ochiltree and the peerage to his first cousin, Sir James Stuart, the son of

James Stewart, Earl of Arran Captain James Stewart, Earl of Arran (died 1595) was created Earl of Arran by the young King James VI, who wrested the title from James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran. He rose to become Lord Chancellor of Scotland and was eventually murdered in ...

, younger son of the second Lord Ochiltree. In compensation for the loss of this title, in 1619 the King created the previous 3rd Lord Ochiltree the Baron Castle Stuart in the

. In 1611, he had settled in

Ulster Ulster (; ga, Ulaidh or ''Cúige Uladh'' ; sco, label= Ulster Scots, Ulstèr or ''Ulster'') is one of the four traditional Irish provinces. It is made up of nine counties: six of these constitute Northern Ireland (a part of the United Kin ...

where he was granted 3,000 acres (12 km²) of land in

. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron, Andrew Stewart (1590–1639), who one year before the death of his father had in 1628 been created a Baronet in the

Baronetage of Nova Scotia Baronets are a rank in the British aristocracy. The current Baronetage of the United Kingdom has replaced the earlier but existing Baronetages of England, Nova Scotia, Ireland, and Great Britain. Baronetage of England (1611–1705) King James I ...

. The second Baron made his home at

Roughan Castle Roughan may refer to: *Roughan, a townland in Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland ** Roughan Castle, a castle in Roughan People with the surname * Howard Roughan, American writer See also *Roughan Hall Ro ...

and was the founder of nearby

Stewartstown, County Tyrone Stewartstown is a small town in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, close to Lough Neagh and about from Cookstown, from Coalisland and from Dungannon. Established by Scottish Planters early in the 17th century, its population peaked befor ...

. His eldest son, Sir Andrew Stewart 2nd Bt., became the third Baron and Governor of Fort Falkland in

County Offaly County Offaly (; ga, Contae Uíbh Fhailí) is a Counties of Ireland, county in Republic of Ireland, Ireland. It is part of the Eastern and Midland Region and the Provinces of Ireland, province of Leinster. It is named after the Ancient Ireland ...

fighting as a

Royalist A royalist supports a particular monarch as head of state for a particular kingdom, or of a particular dynastic claim. In the abstract, this position is royalism. It is distinct from monarchism, which advocates a monarchical system of gov ...

in the

Civil War A civil war or intrastate war is a war between organized groups within the same state (or country). The aim of one side may be to take control of the country or a region, to achieve independence for a region, or to change government polici ...

. He was the father of one daughter, Mary, his sole heiress. She married Henry Howard, 5th Earl of Suffolk, and the majority of the Stewart estates in Ireland were swallowed up by him. The title Baron Castle Stuart passed briefly to Sir Andrew's brother, Josias Stewart, who died childless. On the death of the fourth Baron, his uncle the Hon. John Stewart (d.1685) succeeded to the title as the 5th Baron. After John's death, the title was passed to his nephew, Robert Stewart (1646–1686) of Irry in County Tyrone, the eldest son of Robert Stewart, of Irry, third son of

Andrew Stuart, 1st Baron Castle Stuart Andrew Stewart, 1st Baron Castle Stuart (1560–1629) was a Scottish nobleman, soldier, courtier to King James VI and I and one of the chief undertakers in the Ulster Plantation. Biography Described as 'a nobleman of impeccable background and prov ...

. The 6th Baron Castle Stuart was the father of Andrew Stewart (1672–1715), who during the wars of the Revolution was taken to

Scotland Scotland (, ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Covering the northern third of the island of Great Britain, mainland Scotland has a border with England to the southeast and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to ...

. At the age of twelve, he became the rightful heir to the title 7th Baron Castle Stuart, but on returning to

Ireland Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the s ...

in adulthood he did not think it fit to claim the title as the land that had once gone with it was no longer his, having been given as a dowry to the previously mentioned Earl of Suffolk. Instead, the ''de jure'' 7th Baron made his home at Irry, which he renamed Stuart Hall, near

. His son, Robert Stewart (1700–1742) of Stuart Hall, for the same reasons as his father, chose not to become the 8th Baron Castle Stuart. After remaining dormant for 88 years the title Baron Castle Stuart was reclaimed by Andrew Thomas Stewart (1725–1809) of Stuart Hall, the eldest son of the ''de jure'' 8th Baron. He successfully petitioned the King and in 1774 became the rightful 9th Baron Castle Stuart. In 1793, he was created 1st Viscount Castle Stuart and in 1800 he was further honoured by being created the 1st Earl Castle Stewart all in the

. Lord Castle Stewart was baptised Andrew Thomas Stewart-Moore. Moore was the maiden name of his paternal great-grandmother, Anne (Moore) Stewart, daughter of William Moore of Garvey, Garvey House and Fassaroe Castle, High Sheriff of County Tyrone, a first cousin of the 1st Earl of Clanbrassil. He only assumed the surname of Stewart by royal licence in 1775. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. His eldest son, the third Earl, died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. His only son, the fifth Earl, assumed in 1867 by royal licence the additional surname of Richardson (which was that of his father-in-law). He died without male issue and was succeeded by his first cousin, who became the sixth Earl. He was the second but eldest surviving son of Reverend the Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart, fourth son of the second Earl. His two elder sons were both killed in the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

and he was therefore succeeded by his third son, the seventh Earl, in 1921. He represented Harborough in the

House of Commons The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the nominally upper house of parliament. T ...

as a Unionist. He married in December 1920 Eleanor May Guggenheim (eldest daughter of Irene Guggenheim, ''née'' Rothschild, and Solomon R Guggenheim). They had four sons. His two elder sons were both killed in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

. As of 2014 the titles are held by his third son, the eighth Earl, who succeeded in 1961. Another member of the Stuart/Stewart family was

Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven (c. 1495 – 1552) was Master of the Scottish Artillery and third, and last husband, of Margaret Tudor, eldest daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York. Ancient lineage He was a son of Andrew Stewa ...

. He was a younger son of the first Lord Avondale (of the second creation). The Earldom and Baronetcy of castle Stewart are registered with the Crown Office (now Ministry of Justice), and recorded at the College of Arms, London. The family seat is Stuart Hall, near Stewartstown,

Lords Avondale (c. 1499)

* Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale (died 1513) *

(died 1548) (exchanged lordship and styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie from 1542)

Lords Stuart of Ochiltree (1542)

Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Ochiltree Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale or Andrew Stuart, 1st Lord Ochiltree (died 1549), was a Scottish peerage, Scottish peer. Title Andrew was the son of Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale (second creation), Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale, a new cr ...

(died 1548) *

(–1591) * Andrew Stewart, 3rd Lord Ochiltree (1560–1629) (resigned lordship in 1615 and created Baron Castle Stuart in 1619)

Barons Castle Stewart (1619)

Earls Castle Stewart (1800)

* Andrew Thomas Stuart, 1st Earl Castle Stewart (1725–1809) * Robert Stewart, 2nd Earl Castle Stewart (1784–1854) * Edward Stewart, 3rd Earl Castle Stewart (1807–1857) * Charles Knox Stewart, 4th Earl Castle Stewart (1810–1874) * Henry James Stuart-Richardson, 5th Earl Castle Stewart (1837–1914) * Andrew John Stuart, 6th Earl Castle Stewart (1841–1921) * Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle Stewart (1889–1961) * Arthur Patrick Avondale Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart (born 1928) The

heir apparent An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the b ...

is the present holder's only son Andrew Richard Charles Stuart, Viscount Stuart (born 1953).
* ''Andrew Stuart, 1st Earl Castle Stewart (1725–1809)'' ** ''Robert Stuart, 2nd Earl Castle Stewart (1784–1854)'' ***''Rev. Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart (1812–1889)'' **** ''Andrew Stuart, 6th Earl Castle Stewart (1841–1921)'' ***** ''Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle Stewart (1889–1961)'' ****** Arthur Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart (b. 1928) *******(1) Andrew Richard Charles, Viscount Stuart (b. 1953) ******''Hon. Simon Walter Erskine Stuart (1930–2002)'' *******(2) Thomas Harry Erskine Stuart (b. 1974) *******(3) Corin Edward Leveson Stuart (b. 1975) *******(4) Tristram James Avondale Stuart (b. 1977) **''Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart (1790–1872)'' ***''Andrew Thomas Stuart (1814–1894)'' ****''Robert Walter Stuart (1845–1918)'' *****''Walter Burleigh Stuart (1875–1912)'' ******''Burleigh Athol Stuart (1904–1982)'' *******(5) Ernest Martin Stuart (b. 1935) ********(6) Conway Athol Stuart (b. 1968) ***''Burleigh William Henry Fitzgibbon Stuart (1823–1905)'' ****''Godfrey Richard Conyngham Stuart (1866–1955)'' *****''Robin Charles Burleigh Stuart (1907–1970)'' ******(7) Douglas Charles Burleigh Stuart (b. 1940) *******(8) Andrew John Burleigh Stuart (b. 1967) ********(9) James William Burleigh Stuart (b. 2006) ****''Burleigh Francis Brownlow Stuart (1868–1952)'' *****''Burleigh Edward St. Lawrence Stuart (1920–2004)'' ******(10) Edward John Burleigh Stuart (b. 1953) *******(11) Simon Francis Brownlow Stuart (b. 1980) *******(12) Henry George Burleigh Stuart (b. 1982)

Notes

References

* *Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). ''Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage'' (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, * {{DEFAULTSORT:Castle Stewart Earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland Noble titles created in 1800

Earl Earl () is a rank of the nobility in the United Kingdom. The title originates in the Old English word ''eorl'', meaning "a man of noble birth or rank". The word is cognate with the Scandinavian form ''jarl'', and meant " chieftain", particu ...

Clan Stewart