Duke Xian of Qi (; died 851 BC) was from 859 to 851 BC the seventh recorded ruler of the

State of Qi Qi, or Ch'i in Wade–Giles romanization, was a state of the Zhou dynasty-era in ancient China, variously reckoned as a march, duchy, and independent kingdom. Its capital was Linzi, located in present-day Shandong. Qi was founded sh ...

during the

Western Zhou Dynasty The Western Zhou ( zh, c=, p=Xīzhōu; c. 1045 BC – 771 BC) was a royal dynasty of China and the first half of the Zhou dynasty. It began when King Wu of Zhou overthrew the Shang dynasty at the Battle of Muye and ended when the Quanrong nom ...

of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Shan (呂山),

ancestral name In some cultures, a surname, family name, or last name is the portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family, tribe or community. Practices vary by culture. The family name may be placed at either the start of a person's full name ...

Jiang ( 姜), and Duke Xian was his

posthumous title A posthumous name is an honorary name given mostly to the notable dead in East Asian culture. It is predominantly practiced in East Asian countries such as China, Korea, Vietnam, Japan, and Thailand. Reflecting on the person's accomplishments o ...

. Duke Xian was a younger son of

Duke Gui of Qi Duke Gui of Qi (; reigned c. 10th century BC) was the fourth recorded ruler of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty. His personal name was Lü Cimu (呂慈母) and ancestral name was Jiang ( 姜). Duke Gui succeeded hi ...

. When Duke Gui died, Duke Xian's older brother Buchen ascended the throne, to be posthumously known as Duke Ai of Qi. Duke Ai had a dispute with the marquis of Qi's neighbouring state Ji (紀). King Yi of Zhou sided with Marquis of Ji and executed Duke Ai by boiling him to death. King Yi then installed Jing, a half-brother of Duke Ai and Duke Xian, on the throne, to be posthumously known as Duke Hu of Qi. Duke Hu moved the capital of Qi from

Yingqiu Linzi () was the capital of the ancient Chinese state of Qi during the Zhou dynasty. The ruins of the city lie in modern-day Linzi District, Shandong, China. The city was one of the largest and richest in China during the Spring and Autumn Pe ...

(later known as Linzi) to Pugu (or Bogu). The move was resented by the people of Yingqiu, who

rebelled Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...

under the leadership of Duke Xian. Duke Hu was killed and Duke Xian ascended the throne. Duke Xian expelled the sons of Duke Hu and moved the capital back to Linzi. He reigned for 9 years and died in 851 BC. He was succeeded by his son,

Duke Wu of Qi Duke Wu of Qi (; died 825 BC) was from 850 to 825 BC the eighth recorded ruler of the State of Qi during the Western Zhou Dynasty of ancient China. His personal name was Lü Shou (呂壽), ancestral name Jiang ( 姜), and Duke Wu was his posthumo ...

Family

Sons: * Prince Shou (; d. 825 BC), ruled as

from 849–825 BC

Ancestry

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Xian of Qi, Duke Year of birth unknown Monarchs of Qi (state) 9th-century BC Chinese monarchs 851 BC deaths