Dirk (or Dirck) Pietersz Crabeth (1501–1574) was a

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history The history of Europe is traditionally divided into four time periods: prehistoric Europe (prior to about 800 BC), classical antiquity (800 BC to AD ...

glass painter, tapestry designer, and mapmaker. He was employed by the

Janskerk (Gouda) The Sint Janskerk in Gouda, the Netherlands, is a large Gothic church, known especially for its stained glass windows, for which it has been placed on the list of the top 100 Dutch monuments. History The church is dedicated to John the Baptist, ...

during the 16th century, where he created eight of the stained glass windows during the years 1555–1571. His windows are one of the reasons that the church was placed on the

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...

list of monuments.

Biography

He and his talented brother Wouter Crabeth I were the sons of Pieter Dirckz of Gouda.Bio sketch on Dirk
in Rijksmuseum Amsterdam They came from a painting family that was employed in the glass industry of Gouda. Archival evidence survives today showing orders of glass panes from various Netherlands towns. Dirk's fame began when he won a commission to make a glass pane for the Janskerk after the fire there in 1552. Dirk's first glass depicting St. John the Baptist baptising Jesus, was installed in 1555. In his designs, he appears to have been influenced by

Jan van Scorel Jan van Scorel (1 August 1495 – 6 December 1562) was a Dutch painter, who played a leading role in introducing aspects of Italian Renaissance painting into Dutch and Flemish Renaissance painting. He was one of the early painters of the Ro ...

. Many of Crabeth's original cartoons for the windows of Janskerk have survived.Vidimus,
Dirck Crabeth
'', Issue 20 (accessed 26 Aug 2012) In addition to painting and working with glass, he was a tapestry designer and mapmaker.

Dirk's stained glass windows in the Janskerk of Gouda

File:Fragment glas 7 van de St. Janskerk te Gouda - Het laatste avondmaal; maker Dirk Crabeth 1557.jpg,

The Last Supper Image:The Last Supper - Leonardo Da Vinci - High Resolution 32x16.jpg, 400px, alt=''The Last Supper'' by Leonardo da Vinci - Clickable Image, Depictions of the Last Supper in Christian art have been undertaken by artistic masters for centuries, ...

- glass 7 (middle detail) (1557) File:Tempelreiniging.jpg,

Jesus and the money changers The cleansing of the Temple narrative tells of Jesus expelling the merchants and the money changers from the Temple, and is recounted in all four canonical gospels of the New Testament. The scene is a common motif in Christian art. In this acc ...

- glass 22 (middle detail) (1557) File:Glas in lood - Jona en de walvis.jpg,

Jonah and the whale Jonah or Jonas, ''Yōnā'', "dove"; gr, Ἰωνᾶς ''Iōnâs''; ar, يونس ' or '; Latin: ''Ionas'' son of Amittai, is a prophet in the Hebrew Bible and the Quran, from Gath-hepher of the northern kingdom of Israel in about the 8th cent ...

- glass 30 (ca.1565) File:Dirk Crabeth - Judith with the head of Holofernes 2 adjusted.JPG, Judith with the head of

Holofernes In the deuterocanonical Book of Judith, Holofernes ( grc, Ὀλοφέρνης; he, הולופרנס) was an invading Assyrian general known for having been beheaded by Judith, a Hebrew widow who entered his camp and beheaded him while he was ...

(1571) File:Dirk Crabeth - Judith met het hoofd van Holofernes.jpg, Detail of Judith and her maid

Legacy

The stained glass windows of Gouda are famous, but this is not only for their beauty. It remains a mystery today why these stained glass windows survived the

Beeldenstorm ''Beeldenstorm'' () in Dutch and ''Bildersturm'' in German (roughly translatable from both languages as 'attack on the images or statues') are terms used for outbreaks of destruction of religious images that occurred in Europe in the 16th centu ...

and why Dirk and his brother were allowed to continue their work after the changeover from a Catholic church to a Protestant one. The church has windows from both of the enemies Philip II of Spain and

William the Silent William the Silent (24 April 153310 July 1584), also known as William the Taciturn (translated from nl, Willem de Zwijger), or, more commonly in the Netherlands, William of Orange ( nl, Willem van Oranje), was the main leader of the Dutch Re ...

. Dirk Crabeth also made 7 windows for the chapel of an order of monks from Stein, South Holland, noted as the Augustinian monastery where

Erasmus Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus (; ; English: Erasmus of Rotterdam or Erasmus;''Erasmus'' was his baptismal name, given after St. Erasmus of Formiae. ''Desiderius'' was an adopted additional name, which he used from 1496. The ''Roterodamus'' w ...

went to school. When their monastery in ''Steyn'' burned in 1549, they moved to a former convent in Gouda in 1551. There they ordered windows for the restoration of the chapel of that convent. These windows were rescued during the iconoclastic fury and when the convent complex was torn down in 1580, the windows were temporarily installed afterwards in the Janskerk church. In a painting from 1734 this situation can still be seen. Much later still, they were installed in a specially built ''van der Vorm'' chapel in the St Janskerk, donated by Willem van der Vorm, the wealthy founder of the

Holland America Line Holland America Line is an American-owned cruise line, a subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc headquartered in Seattle, Washington, United States. Holland America Line was founded in Rotterdam, Netherlands, and from 1873 to 1989, it operate ...

, in 1934. Houbraken wote two pages about the brothers Dirk and Wouter Crabeth in his ''Schouburg'' (1718), since he was surprised they were overlooked in

Karel van Mander Karel van Mander (I) or Carel van Mander I (May 1548 – 2 September 1606) was a Flemish painter, poet, art historian and art theoretician, who established himself in the Dutch Republic in the latter part of his life. He is mainly remembere ...

's ''

Schilder-boeck or is a book written by the Flemish writer and painter Karel van Mander first published in 1604 in Haarlem in the Dutch Republic, where van Mander resided. The book is written in 17th-century Dutch and its title is commonly translated into En ...

'', who only mentioned their brother Adriaen Pietersz Crabeth. In his biographical sketch, he wrote that Gouda had a busy glass painting industry that spanned several generations. George van Egmond

References

External links

Website of the St. Janskerk in Gouda with windows online
{{DEFAULTSORT:Crabeth, Dirk Van 1501 births 1574 deaths Dutch Renaissance painters People from Gouda, South Holland Dutch stained glass artists and manufacturers Tapestry artists Sibling artists Dutch Roman Catholics nl:Dirck en Wouter Crabeth

Biography

Dirk's stained glass windows in the Janskerk of Gouda

Legacy

See also

References

External links