''Dictionarius'' is a short work written about the year 1200 by the medieval

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

grammarian Johannes de Garlandia or John of Garland. For the use of his students at the

University of Paris , image_name = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg , image_size = 150px , caption = Coat of Arms , latin_name = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis , motto = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' (Latin) , mottoeng = Here and a ...

, he lists the trades and tradesmen that they saw around them every day in the streets of

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. The work is written in

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

with

interlinear gloss In linguistics and pedagogy, an interlinear gloss is a gloss (series of brief explanations, such as definitions or pronunciations) placed between lines, such as between a line of original text and its translation into another language. When gloss ...

es in

Old French Old French (, , ; Modern French: ) was the language spoken in most of the northern half of France from approximately the 8th to the 14th centuries. Rather than a unified language, Old French was a linkage of Romance dialects, mutually intellig ...

. Johannes de Garlandia is thought to have invented the term ''dictionarius'', a source of the

word '' dictionary'' and of similar words in many other modern languages.

Bibliography

* P. H. J. F. Géraud, ''Paris sous Philippe-le-Bel, d'après des documents originaux'' (Paris: Crapelet, 1837) pp. 580–612. * T. Hunt, "Vernacular glosses in medieval manuscripts" in ''CN'' vol. 39 (1979) pp. 9–37. * T. Hunt, ''Teaching and learning Latin in thirteenth-century England''. 3 vols. Cambridge: Brewer, 1991. * Frédérique Lachaud,
La première description des métiers de Paris: le Dictionarius de Jean de Garlande (vers 1220–1230)
in ''Espaces, acteurs et structures de la consommation en milieu urbain au Moyen Âge'' (special issue of ''Revue d’Histoire Urbaine'', 2006). * B. B. Rubin, '' The Dictionarius of John de Garlande and the Author's Commentary translated into English and annotated by Barbara Blatt Rubin.'' Lawrence, KS: Coronado Press, 1981. * A. Scheler, "Trois traités de lexicographie latine du XIIe et du XIIIe siècle" in '' Jahrbuch für Romanische und Englische Literatur'' vol. 6 (1865) pp. 43–59, 142–162, 287–321, 370–379; vol. 7 pp. 58–74, 155–173; vol. 8, pp. 75–93, 142–162. * Thomas Wright, ''A Volume of Vocabularies'' (London: Joseph Mayer, 1857) pp. 120–138.

External links

Rubin edition and translation on line
13th-century Latin books University of Paris 1200s books English bilingual dictionaries Latin dictionaries Medieval Paris {{Dictionary-stub