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The demographics of Uttar Pradesh is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state, and the largest subdivision in the world. It has a population of about 199,812,341 as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia. Uttar Pradesh has a population more than that of Pakistan. There is an average population density of 828 persons per km² i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow, and Allahabad serves as the state’s judicial capital. Hindus and Muslims both consider the state as a holy place.
The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga (tribe), Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Bind (tribe), Bind, Chero, Gondi people, Gond, Kol people, Kol and Korwa people, Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharu people, Tharus, Boksa (tribe), Boksas, Bhotia people, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Raji people, Rajis.People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das, Manohar Publications The Literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.
Most people in Uttar Pradesh speak Hindustani, which in a literate form is referred to as Hindi and Urdu. Bhojpuri language, Bhojpuri is the second most widely spoken language of Uttar Pradesh.
In addition, the people of Uttar Pradesh speak a variety of local dialects of Hindi, which are not always easy to classify or identify. E.g., the language of Allahabad is often classified today as Awadhi, but, its actually a mix of several surrounding dialects, including Awadhi and Bundelkhandi. Most Allahabadis refer to their dialect as Allahabadi. Furthermore, in neighbouring Banda, the dialect is exactly the same, but, they refer to it as Bundelkhandi.
It's said that in India, the dialects change every 50-mile, and its particularly true of Uttar Pradesh.
The dialect map of Uttar Pradesh is complex, but, in general, in three of the five sub regions of UP, viz, the Doab, Rohilkhand, and Bundelkhand, both Western and Eastern Hindi, as well as a mixture of the two are spoken. E.g., in Upper and parts of lower Doab (till Etawah), various forms of western Hindi are spoken, including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are spoken). Likewise, in Western Bundelkhand, Bundeli (a language closely related with Brij Bhasha) is spoken, while in Eastern Bundelkhand the dialect is still called 'Bundeli' but is part of Eastern Hindi (actually a mixture of Western and Eastern Hindi). In Western Rohilkhand, Khari boli is spoken. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect.
In Awadh too there exist a wide variation in the dialects spoken.
Awadhi is the main dialect in the Awadh sub-region of Uttar Pradesh. But, its form changes from west to east.
As mentioned earlier, often these dialects merge into each other, for example in Shahjahanpur District, Shahjahanpur, in Rohilkhand, Khari boli merges into Awadhi.
In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bhojpuri language, Bhojpuri language is spoken. It is the second most widely spoken language of Uttar Pradesh after Hindi. It belongs to the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, Magadhan group of Indo-Aryan languages. This region is known as Bhojpuri region, Bhojpur or Purvanchal. The Bhojpuri variant of Kaithi is the indigenous script of Bhojpuri language.
District
As of the 2011 census, Allahabad district, Allahabad is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while Mahoba district, Mahoba being the least populated. Only 3 districts of Jaunpur district, Jaunpur, Azamgarh district, Azamgarh and Deoria district, Deoria have a human sex ratio, sex ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Budh Nagar district, Gautam Buddha Nagar stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-Correlation and dependence, correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. Districts of Shravasti district, Srawasti, Bahraich district, Bahraich and Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh, Balrampur haven't even crossed the 50% literacy mark yet. The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:Rank of districts
Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.By area
# Lakhimpur Kheri -8,780 # Sonbhadra - 6,999 # Hardoi district, Hardoi - 5,986 # Bahraich district, Bahraich - 5,745 # Sitapur district, Sitapur - 5,743By population
# Allahabad district, Allahabad - 5,954,391 # Moradabad district, Moradabad - 4,772,006 # Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad - 4,681,645 # Azamgarh district, Azamgarh - 4,613,913 # Lucknow district, Lucknow - 4,589,838 # Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268 # Jaunpur district, Jaunpur - 4,494,204 # Sitapur district, Sitapur - 4,483,992 # Bareilly district, Bareilly - 4,448,359 # Gorakhpur district, Gorakhpur - 4,440,895By population density
# Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad - 1995 # Varanasi district, Varanasi - 1954 # Lucknow district, Lucknow - 1456 # Sant Ravidas Nagar district, Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409 # Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Nagar - 1369By literacy
# Gautam Budh Nagar district, Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida) - 80.12% # Kanpur Nagar district, Kanpur Nagar - 79.65% # Auraiya district, Auraiya - 78.95% # Etawah district, Etawah - 78.41% # Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh, Ghaziabad - 78.07%By sex ratio
# Jaunpur district, Jaunpur - 1024 # Azamgarh district, Azamgarh -1018 # Deoria district, Deoria - 1003 # Mau district, Mau - 984 # Pratapgarh district, Uttar Pradesh, Pratapgarh - 982 # Ambedkar Nagar- 978 # Faizabad - 972 # Sultanpur district, Sultanpur - 965 # Basti district, Basti - 963 # Sant Kabir Nagar -960Religion
In Uttar Pradesh the religion-wise percentage of population is Hindus 79.7, Muslims 19.3, Sikhs 0.3, Christians 0.2, Jainism, Jains 0.1, Buddhism, Buddhists 0.1 while 0.3 of people have other religion or didn't state one.District-wise religious population
Population count for each district (with percentages) as per 2011 Census. Literacy among women is quite low, going as low as 50.59% in Muslim community. On the contrary, the Jain community with quite high literacy rates, for both males and females as well. Also noteworthy is that Sikh and Hindu communities have very poor sex-ratios.Caste
For accurate caste population data in India, the Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 ''caste population data'' for every single non-SC/ST castes, General castes, OBC/EBCs in India, hence no official figures are available for the same. As per estimations based on 2011 Census of India, 2011 census, Dalits constitute 21.1% of Uttar Pradesh population. Mallah community is divided in 27 sub-castes. Other Backward Classes (OBCs) constitute 40% of Uttar Pradesh’s population. Yadavs form the single largest group amongst the Other Backward Classes, OBCs, constituting around 40 percent, and forming almost 9 percent of the state's population. There are 200-odd OBCs in U.P. In Uttar Pradesh, Muslims are divided into 68 castes and sub-castes, 35 of them are OBCs. Forward castes constitute around 18-20% of Uttar Pradesh population, in which Brahmins are about 9% and Rajputs are 8%.Racial and ancestral makeup
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of over 199.5 million people on 1 March 2011. It is more populated than the world's 242 countries. If independent it would be the 6th largest country in the world as per Population. At the 2011 census of India, 79.7% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu. Muslims make up 19.3% of the population, most of whom are Rohillas, a clan of ethnic Pathans. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains. The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, Hindu society is divided into four sub-divisions or varna (Hinduism), varnas, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. Muslims are also divided as the Shia Islam, Shias and Sunni Islam, Sunnis. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called gotras. The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga (tribe), Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Chero, Gondi people, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.Languages
Most people in Uttar Pradesh speak Hindustani, which in a literate form is referred to as Hindi and Urdu. Bhojpuri language, Bhojpuri is the second most widely spoken language of Uttar Pradesh.
In addition, the people of Uttar Pradesh speak a variety of local dialects of Hindi, which are not always easy to classify or identify. E.g., the language of Allahabad is often classified today as Awadhi, but, its actually a mix of several surrounding dialects, including Awadhi and Bundelkhandi. Most Allahabadis refer to their dialect as Allahabadi. Furthermore, in neighbouring Banda, the dialect is exactly the same, but, they refer to it as Bundelkhandi.
It's said that in India, the dialects change every 50-mile, and its particularly true of Uttar Pradesh.
The dialect map of Uttar Pradesh is complex, but, in general, in three of the five sub regions of UP, viz, the Doab, Rohilkhand, and Bundelkhand, both Western and Eastern Hindi, as well as a mixture of the two are spoken. E.g., in Upper and parts of lower Doab (till Etawah), various forms of western Hindi are spoken, including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are spoken). Likewise, in Western Bundelkhand, Bundeli (a language closely related with Brij Bhasha) is spoken, while in Eastern Bundelkhand the dialect is still called 'Bundeli' but is part of Eastern Hindi (actually a mixture of Western and Eastern Hindi). In Western Rohilkhand, Khari boli is spoken. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect.
In Awadh too there exist a wide variation in the dialects spoken.
Awadhi is the main dialect in the Awadh sub-region of Uttar Pradesh. But, its form changes from west to east.
As mentioned earlier, often these dialects merge into each other, for example in Shahjahanpur District, Shahjahanpur, in Rohilkhand, Khari boli merges into Awadhi.
In eastern Uttar Pradesh, Bhojpuri language, Bhojpuri language is spoken. It is the second most widely spoken language of Uttar Pradesh after Hindi. It belongs to the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages, Magadhan group of Indo-Aryan languages. This region is known as Bhojpuri region, Bhojpur or Purvanchal. The Bhojpuri variant of Kaithi is the indigenous script of Bhojpuri language.
See also
* Distribution of Scheduled Castes by District in Uttar Pradesh * List of Rajput clans of Uttar PradeshReferences
{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics of Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh Demographics of India by state or union territory, Uttar Social groups of Uttar Pradesh, *