Cuanza Sul Province ("South Cuanza";

Umbundu Umbundu, or South Mbundu (autonym umb, úmbúndú), one of many Bantu languages, is the most widely-spoken autochthonous language of Angola. Its speakers are known as ''Ovimbundu'' and are an ethnic group constituting a third of Angola's popula ...

: Kwanza Kombuelo Volupale) is a province of Angola. It has an area of and a population of 1,881,873. Sumbe is the capital of the province. Don founded the province in 1769 as Novo Redondo.

History

The province was badly affected during the

Angolan Civil War The Angolan Civil War ( pt, Guerra Civil Angolana) was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. The war immediately began after Angola became independent from Portugal in November 1975. The war was ...

(1975–2002). A large number of civilians were killed in the clashes between

National Union for the Total Independence of Angola The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola ( pt, União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola, abbr. UNITA) is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the Popular Movement for ...

(UNITA) and

Angolan Armed Forces The Angolan Armed Forces ( pt, Forças Armadas Angolanas) or FAA is the military of Angola. The FAA consist of the Angolan Army (), the Angolan Navy () and the National Air Force of Angola (). Reported total manpower in 2021 was about 107,00 ...

(FAA). Coffee plantations and fields were destroyed. Frequent attacks forced people to leave their municipalities. UNITA had opened its central front in the province. Around 116,000 displaced people were living in camps. The majority of them were from the rural areas and the densely populated plateau regions. On 17 December 2000, the UNITA combatants killed 31 FAA soldiers and looted vehicles, arms and about 20,000 litres of diesel in Quibala. In April 2001 they attacked FAA outposts and captured firearms. Landmines laid during the civil war are still present and contracts to clear them were given to different organisations. They are still present in several areas. The province has a high density of landmines. In 2008 the province's Maria Restino Manuel was declared the Internet winner of Miss Landmine 2008. She had secured 29% of the online votes.

Geography

Kibalas, N'goias, Musseles, Mussumbas and Bailundos are the major ethnic groups in the province. The Kimbundu language is most commonly used. Umbundu is also spoken.

Bengo Province Bengo is a province of Angola. Its capital is Caxito. It has an area of 31,371 square kilometres, and its population as of the 2014 Census was 356,641. The province was created in 1980 by dividing the original province of Luanda into Bengo and ...

and

Cuanza Norte Province The Cuanza Norte Province ( en, North Cuanza; umb, Konano Kwanza Volupale) is province of Angola. N'dalatando is the capital and the province has an area of 24,110 km² and a population of 443,386. Manuel Pedro Pacavira was born here and ...

are located to its north. Malanje and Bie Provinces are located to its east, while Huambo and Benguela provinces border it in south. The province's coastline on the Atlantic Ocean is in length. Cuanza Sul city lies on the southern bank of the

Cuanza River The Kwanza River, also known as the Coanza, the Quanza, and the Cuanza, is one of the longest rivers in Angola. It empties into the Atlantic Ocean just south of the national capital Luanda. Geography The river is navigable for about from its ...

Municipalities

Within Cuanza Sul Province includes the following municipalities: *

Amboim Porto Amboim is a port town in Cuanza Sul Province, Angola with a population of 65,000; it comprises an area of 4,638 km. In the past Porto Amboim was connected by an isolated 123 km narrow gauge railway to Gabela, albeit closed in 198 ...

(Gabela) *

Cassongue Cassongue (Portuguese spelling) or Kasonge (Bantu spelling) is a town and municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital ...

* Conda * Ebo *

Libolo Libolo is a municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola, with the town of Calulo Calulo is a town, with a population of 44,000 (2014), and a commune in the municipality of Libolo, province of Cuanza Sul, Angola and the seat A seat is a plac ...

(Calulo) *

Mussende Mussende is a town and municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , ...

Porto Amboim Porto Amboim is a port town in Cuanza Sul Province, Angola with a population of 65,000; it comprises an area of 4,638 km. In the past Porto Amboim was connected by an isolated 123 km narrow gauge railway to Gabela, albeit closed in 19 ...

* Quibala *

Quilenda Quilenda is a town and municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , ...

* Seles (Uku Seles) * Sumbe (Ngangula) * Waku-Kungo (Cela)

Communes

The province of Cuanza Sul contains the following

communes An intentional community is a voluntary residential community which is designed to have a high degree of social cohesion and teamwork from the start. The members of an intentional community typically hold a common social, political, relig ...

( pt, comunas); sorted by their respective municipalities: * Amboim Municipality: – Assango, Gabela * Cassongue Municipality: – Atôme,

, Dumbi, Pambangala (Pampangala) * Conda Municipality: – Conda, Cunjo * Ebo Municipality: – Condé, Ebo, Kassange (Quissanje) * Libolo Municipality: – Cabuta (Kabuta),

Calulo Calulo is a town, with a population of 44,000 (2014), and a commune in the municipality of Libolo, province of Cuanza Sul, Angola and the seat of the municipality. The town stands at an altitude of above sea level. Calulo is the hometown of th ...

, Munenga, Quissongo (Kissongo) * Mussende Municipality: –

Mussende Mussende is a town and municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , ...

, Quienha (Kienha), São Lucas * Porto Amboim Municipality: – Capolo (Kapolo),

* Quibala Municipality: – Cariango (Kariango), Dala Cachibo, Lonhe, Quibala (Kibala) * Quilenda Municipality: –

Quilenda Quilenda is a town and municipality in Cuanza Sul Province in Angola , national_anthem = "Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , ...

(Kilenda), Quirimbo (Kirimbo) * Seles Municipality: – Amboiva, Botera, Seles * Sumbe Municipality: – Gangula (Ngangula), Gungo, Quicombo (Kicombo), Sumbe * Waku-Kungo (Cela) Municipality: – Kissanga Kungo (Quissanga Cunjo), Sanga, Uaco Cungo

Administration

The province's governor is Eusébio de Brito Teixeira. António da Gama Lopes Teixeira, Mateus Alves Morais de Brito and Maria de Lourdes Sousa Abambres Veiga are deputy governors for Technical and infrastructure Services, Economic Sector Area and Political and Social Sector Area respectively.

Economy and education

Coffee, cotton, fruits, rice and tobacco are the major agricultural products. The province has large deposits of alluvial and eluvial

diamonds Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure, bu ...

and

Gypsum Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula . It is widely mined and is used as a fertilizer and as the main constituent in many forms of plaster, blackboard or sidewalk chalk, and drywal ...

. Sumbe and Porto Amboim are major fish processing centres. The Independent University of Angola is located in the province's capital and has emerged as the most important educational centre in the province. Established in August 2003 it offers courses in agronomy, veterinary science and forestry.

List of governors of Cuanza Sul

References

Citations

Bibliography

* * * * * * * *

External links

Information on this province at ''Info Angola''

Province geographical info at geoview.info
{{coord, 10, 38, S, 14, 30, E, source:cawiki_region:AO_type:adm1st, display=title Provinces of Angola