The gens Cornelia was one of the greatest patrician houses at

ancient Rome In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman people, Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom ...

. For more than seven hundred years, from the early decades of the

Republic A republic () is a " state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...

to the third century AD, the Cornelii produced more eminent statesmen and generals than any other

gens In ancient Rome, a gens ( or , ; plural: ''gentes'' ) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens was called a ''stirps'' (plural: ''stirpes''). The ''gen ...

. At least seventy-five

consuls A consul is an official representative of the government of one state in the territory of another, normally acting to assist and protect the citizens of the consul's own country, as well as to facilitate trade and friendship between the people ...

under the Republic were members of this family, beginning with

Servius Cornelius Maluginensis Servius Cornelius Maluginensis was a Roman senator who was elected consul in 485 BC. Family Maluginensis was from the patrician ''Cornelii Maluginenses'', one of the oldest attested branches of the '' gens Cornelia''. It is possible that he ca ...

in 485 BC. Together with the

Aemilii The gens Aemilia, originally written Aimilia, was one of the greatest patrician families at ancient Rome. The gens was of great antiquity, and claimed descent from Numa Pompilius, the second King of Rome. Its members held the highest offices ...

Claudii The gens Claudia (), sometimes written Clodia, was one of the most prominent patrician houses at ancient Rome. The gens traced its origin to the earliest days of the Roman Republic. The first of the Claudii to obtain the consulship was Appi ...

, Fabii, Manlii, and Valerii, the Cornelii were almost certainly numbered among the ''gentes maiores'', the most important and powerful families of Rome, who for centuries dominated the Republican magistracies. All of the major branches of the Cornelian gens were patrician, but there were also

plebeian In ancient Rome, the plebeians (also called plebs) were the general body of free Roman citizens who were not patricians, as determined by the census, or in other words " commoners". Both classes were hereditary. Etymology The precise origins ...

Cornelii, at least some of whom were descended from

freedmen A freedman or freedwoman is a formerly enslaved person who has been released from slavery, usually by legal means. Historically, enslaved people were freed by manumission (granted freedom by their captor-owners), emancipation (granted freedom ...

.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. I, p. 855 ("

Cornelia Gens The gens Cornelia was one of the greatest patrician houses at ancient Rome. For more than seven hundred years, from the early decades of the Republic to the third century AD, the Cornelii produced more eminent statesmen and generals than any o ...

").

Origin

The origin of the Cornelii is lost to history, but the nomen ''Cornelius'' may be formed from the hypothetical

cognomen A ''cognomen'' (; plural ''cognomina''; from ''con-'' "together with" and ''(g)nomen'' "name") was the third name of a citizen of ancient Rome, under Roman naming conventions. Initially, it was a nickname, but lost that purpose when it became here ...

''Corneus'', meaning "horny", that is, having thick or callused skin. The existence of such a cognomen in early times may be inferred from its diminutive, ''Corneolus''. Such a derivation implies a

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...

origin for the Cornelii, and there is no evidence to contradict this, but beyond this no traditions survive relating to the family's beginning.

Praenomina

The Cornelii employed a wide variety of praenomina, although individual families tended to favor certain names and avoid others. '' Servius,

Lucius Lucius ( el, Λούκιος ''Loukios''; ett, Luvcie) is a male given name derived from '' Lucius'' (abbreviated ''L.''), one of the small group of common Latin forenames ('' praenomina'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius derives from ...

, Publius'', and '' Gnaeus'' were common to most branches, while other names were used by individual ''stirpes''; '' Marcus'' primarily by the Cornelii Maluginenses and the Cethegi, ''

Gaius Gaius, sometimes spelled ''Gajus'', Kaius, Cajus, Caius, was a common Latin praenomen; see Gaius (praenomen). People * Gaius (jurist) (), Roman jurist *Gaius Acilius *Gaius Antonius * Gaius Antonius Hybrida *Gaius Asinius Gallus * Gaius Asiniu ...

'' by the Cethegi, and ''

Aulus Aulus (abbreviated A.) is one of the small group of common forenames found in the culture of ancient Rome. The name was traditionally connected with Latin ''aula'', ''olla'', "palace", but this is most likely a false etymology. ''Aulus'' in fact ...

'' by the Cossi. Other names occur infrequently; ''

Tiberius Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus (; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March AD 37) was the second Roman emperor. He reigned from AD 14 until 37, succeeding his stepfather, the first Roman emperor Augustus. Tiberius was born in Rome in 42 BC. His father ...

'' appears once amongst the Lentuli, who later revived the old surname ''Cossus'' as a praenomen, while the Cornelii Sullae made use of '' Faustus''.

Branches and cognomina

The Cornelian gens included both patricians and plebeians, but all of its major families were patrician. The surnames ''Arvina, Blasio, Cethegus, Cinna, Cossus, Dolabella, Lentulus, Maluginensis, Mammula, Merenda, Merula, Rufinus, Scapula, Scipio, Sisenna'', and ''Sulla'' belonged to patrician Cornelii, while the plebeian cognomina included ''Balbus'' and ''Gallus''. Other surnames are known from freedmen, including ''Chrysogonus, Culleolus, Phagita'', and others. A number of plebeian Cornelii had no cognomen. The first of the Cornelii to appear in history bore the surname ''Maluginensis''. This family seems to have divided into two ''stirpes'' in the 430s, the senior line retaining ''Maluginensis'', while the younger branches assumed ''Cossus''. From their filiations, the first of the Cornelii Cossi would seem to have been younger sons of Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis, a member of the Second Decemvirate in 450 BC. Both families produced a number of consuls and

consular tribunes A consular tribune was putatively a type of magistrate in the early Roman Republic. According to Roman tradition, colleges of consular tribunes held office throughout the fifth and fourth centuries BC during the so-called "Conflict of the O ...

during the fourth and fifth centuries BC. The Maluginenses disappeared before the period of the

Samnite Wars The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe ...

, although the Cornelii Scipiones appear to have been descended from this family, while the surname ''Cossus'' appears as late as the beginning of the third century; members of the latter family also bore the cognomina ''Rutilus'', "reddish", and ''Arvina''. ''Cossus'' itself seems to belong to a class of surnames derived from objects or animals, referring to the larva of certain beetles that burrow under the bark of trees. The Cornelii Lentuli subsequently revived ''Cossus'' as a surname.Chase, pp. 112, 113. The Cornelii Scipiones derived their surname from a legend in which the first of the family served as a staff (''scipio'') for his blind father. Since the first of the Scipiones seems to have borne the cognomen ''Maluginensis'', he would seem to have been the son of Publius Cornelius Maluginensis, one of the consular tribunes in 404 BC. The Scipiones produced numerous consuls and several prominent generals, of whom the most celebrated were

Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus (c. 337 BC270 BC) was one of the two elected Roman consuls in 298 BC. He led the Roman army to victory against the Etruscans near Volterra. A member of the noble Roman family of Scipiones, he was the father of L ...

and

Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (, , ; 236/235–183 BC) was a Roman general and statesman, most notable as one of the main architects of Rome's victory against Carthage in the Second Punic War. Often regarded as one of the best military co ...

. Members of this family held the highest offices of the Roman state from the beginning of the fourth century BC down to the second century of the

Empire An empire is a "political unit" made up of several territories and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant center and subordinate peripheries". The center of the empire (sometimes referred to as the metropole) ex ...

, a span of nearly six hundred years. Its members bore a large number of additional surnames, including ''Barbatus'', "bearded", ''Scapula'', "shoulder blade", ''Asina'', "she-ass", ''Calvus'', "bald", ''Hispallus'', "little Spaniard", ''Nasica'', "nosed", and ''Corculum'', "little heart", in addition to those derived from their military exploits: ''Africanus'' and ''Asiaticus''. The last generations of this great family were originally adopted from the Salvidieni, and so bore the additional names of ''Salvidienus Orfitus''. The Scipiones had a large family sepulchre at Rome, which still exists, having been rediscovered in 1780.Chase, pp. 109, 110 (''Barbatus, Scapula, Nasica, Calvus''), 112, 113 (''Asina, Scipio''), 114 (''Africanus, Hispallus''). The cognomen ''Lentulus'' probably belongs to a class of surnames deriving from the habits or qualities of the persons to whom they were first applied; the adjective ''lentulus'' means "rather slow". An alternative explanation is that the name is a diminutive of ''lens'', a lentil, and so belongs to the same class of surnames as ''Cicero'', a chickpea, and ''Caepio'', an onion.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, pp. 728, 729 (" Lentulus"). The Cornelii Lentuli were famed for their pride and haughtiness, so that

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the esta ...

uses ''Lentulitas'', "Lentulusness", to describe the most aristocratic of the patricians. The Lentuli appear in history from the time of the Samnite Wars to the first century of the Empire, a period of about four hundred years. Their origin is uncertain. According to Livy, early in the Second Samnite War, Lucius Cornelius Lentulus described his father as the only man who, during the Gallic sack of Rome in 390 BC, had opposed paying a ransom to ensure the departure of the

Gauls The Gauls ( la, Galli; grc, Γαλάται, ''Galátai'') were a group of Celtic peoples of mainland Europe in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly 5th century BC to 5th century AD). Their homeland was known as Gaul (''Gallia''). They sp ...

from the city. The filiations of other early Lentuli suggest that their ancestors used the name ''Gnaeus'', suggesting that they could have been descendants of the Cornelii Cossi. The Lentuli used a number of additional surnames, including ''Caudinus,'' apparently referring to the

Battle of the Caudine Forks The Battle of Caudine Forks, 321 BC, was a decisive event of the Second Samnite War. Its designation as a battle is a mere historical formality: there was no fighting and there were no casualties. The Romans were trapped in an enclosed valley b ...

, ''crus'', a leg, or the shin, ''Gaetulicus'', bestowed upon the conqueror of the

Gaetuli Gaetuli was the Romanised name of an ancient Berber tribe inhabiting ''Getulia''. The latter district covered the large desert region south of the Atlas Mountains, bordering the Sahara. Other documents place Gaetulia in pre-Roman times along the ...

, ''Lupus'', a wolf, ''Niger'', black, ''Spinther'', a bracelet, and ''Sura'', the calf. The Lentuli also revived several old cognomina that had belonged to other ''stirpes'' of the Cornelii: ''Maluginensis'', ''Cossus'', ''Rufinus'', and ''Scipio''. At least two of this family bore surnames derived from other ''gentes''; ''Clodianus'' was borne by a Lentulus who had been adopted from the Clodii, while ''Marcellinus'' belonged to a member of the family who was adopted from the

Marcelli. The Cornelii Rufini appear in the latter half of the fourth century BC, beginning with Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 334 BC. From the surname ''Rufinus'', meaning "reddish", one may infer that the first of this family had red hair. A descendant of this family was the first to assume the cognomen ''Sulla'', about the time of the

Second Punic War The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of three wars fought between Carthage and Rome, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the 3rd century BC. For 17 years the two states struggled for supremacy, primarily in Ital ...

. The name is probably a diminutive of ''Sura'', a cognomen found in several gentes, including among the Cornelii Lentuli, and probably referred to someone with prominent calves.

Plutarch Plutarch (; grc-gre, Πλούταρχος, ''Ploútarchos''; ; – after AD 119) was a Greek Middle Platonist philosopher, historian, biographer, essayist, and priest at the Temple of Apollo in Delphi. He is known primarily for hi ...

, who erroneously believed that the dictator

Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He won the first large-scale civil war in Roman history and became the first man of the Republic to seize power through force. Sulla had t ...

was the first to bear the name, thought it must have referred to a blotchy, reddish complexion, while

Macrobius Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, usually referred to as Macrobius (fl. AD 400), was a Roman provincial who lived during the early fifth century, during late antiquity, the period of time corresponding to the Later Roman Empire, and when Latin was ...

derives it from ''Sibylla'', an etymology that is rejected by

Quintilian Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (; 35 – 100 AD) was a Roman educator and rhetorician from Hispania, widely referred to in medieval schools of rhetoric and in Renaissance writing. In English translation, he is usually referred to as Quintilia ...

.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. III, pp. 933–944 ("

"). The dictator Sulla adopted the agnomen ''Felix'', meaning "fortunate" or "happy", and this name was passed on to some of his descendants. The Sullae continued in the highest offices of the state well into imperial times. The last appearing in history fell victim to

Elagabalus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Sextus Varius Avitus Bassianus, 204 – 11/12 March 222), better known by his nickname "Elagabalus" (, ), was Roman emperor from 218 to 222, while he was still a teenager. His short reign was conspicuous for s ...

, early in the third century AD. The Dolabellae first came to prominence at the beginning of the third century BC, and so remained until the reign of

Vitellius Aulus Vitellius (; ; 24 September 1520 December 69) was Roman emperor for eight months, from 19 April to 20 December AD 69. Vitellius was proclaimed emperor following the quick succession of the previous emperors Galba and Otho, in a year of ci ...

. Several of the Dolabellae achieved high office, and one was ''

Rex Sacrorum In ancient Roman religion, the ''rex sacrorum'' ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes ''rex sacrificulus'') was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians. Although in the historical era, the '' pontifex maximus'' was the head of R ...

'', but many of this family were notorious for their pride, extravagance, and disregard for the law. Their surname, ''Dolabella'', is a diminutive of ''dolabra'', a mattock or pickaxe, and belongs to a common class of surnames derived from everyday objects. Several lesser patrician ''stirpes'' flourished during the late Republic and early years of the Empire. The Cornelii Merendae flourished for about a century, beginning in the early third century BC. Their cognomen means the midday meal, and is also found among the patrician Antonii. The Blasiones appeared at the same time and flourished for about 160 years; their surname was originally given to one who stammers. ''Cethegus'' is a cognomen whose original meaning and significance have been lost. The Cornelii Cethegi first appear in the latter half of the third century BC, and were described by

Horace Quintus Horatius Flaccus (; 8 December 65 – 27 November 8 BC), known in the English-speaking world as Horace (), was the leading Roman lyric poet during the time of Augustus (also known as Octavian). The rhetorician Quintilian regarded his ' ...

as ''cinctuti Cethegi'', for their old-fashioned practice of wearing their arms bare. They remained prominent for the next two centuries. The Cornelii Mammulae held several praetorships, beginning at the time of the Second Punic War, but they never attained the consulship, and disappeared after about fifty years. Their surname is a diminutive of ''mamma'', a breast. ''Merula'' refers to an ouzel, or blackbird. The family that bore this surname rose from obscurity at the beginning of the second century BC, and continued for the next century. The Cornelii Cinnae were the last patrician family to emerge in the late second century BC; they retained prominence until the early decades of the Empire. ''Balbus'', which like ''Blasio'' signifies a stammerer, was not originally a surname of the Cornelia gens, but was adopted by a native of Gades, who was granted

Roman citizenship Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: ''civitas'') was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in Ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, t ...

Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a leading Roman general and statesman. He played a significant role in the transformation of ...

, as a reward for military service during the War against Sertorius. He probably took the nomen ''Cornelius'' after Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, who ratified the act making Balbus a citizen in 72 BC. He eventually attained the consulship, but the family, which was plebeian, disappeared from history in the early years of the Empire. Another plebeian surname of the Cornelii was ''Gallus'', known from Gaius Cornelius Gallus, the poet, who came to Rome from Forum Julii as a young man. His surname signified his Gallic origin.

Members

Cornelii Maluginenses

* Publius Cornelius Maluginensis, the father of the consul of 485 BC * Servius Cornelius P. f. Cossus Maluginensis,

consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states throu ...

in 485 BC, fought against the

Veientes Veii (also Veius; it, Veio) was an important ancient Etruscan city situated on the southern limits of Etruria and north-northwest of Rome, Italy. It now lies in Isola Farnese, in the comune of Rome. Many other sites associated with and in the ...

. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. P. n. Maluginensis, consul in 459 BC. * Marcus Cornelius L. f. Ser. n. Maluginensis, a member of the second

decemvirate The decemviri or decemvirs (Latin for "ten men") were some of the several 10-man commissions established by the Roman Republic. The most important were those of the two Decemvirates, formally the " decemvirate with consular power for writing ...

in 450 BC. * Marcus Cornelius M. f. Maluginensis, consul in 436 BC. * Publius Cornelius M. f. M. n. Maluginensis,

consular tribune A consular tribune was putatively a type of magistrate in the early Roman Republic. According to Roman tradition, colleges of consular tribunes held office throughout the fifth and fourth centuries BC during the so-called " Conflict of the ...

in 404 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, consular tribune in 397 and 390, and

magister equitum The , in English Master of the Horse or Master of the Cavalry, was a Roman magistrate appointed as lieutenant to a dictator. His nominal function was to serve as commander of the Roman cavalry in time of war, but just as a dictator could be nom ...

in 396 BC. * Marcus Cornelius P. f. P. n. Maluginensis, censor in 393 BC. * Servius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis, consular tribune in 386, 384, 382, 380, 376, 370, and 368 BC. He was also magister equitum in 361. * Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis, consular tribune in 369 and 367 BC.Livy, vi. 36, 42.

Cornelii Cossi

* Servius Cornelius M. f. L. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 434 BC. * Aulus Cornelius M. f. L. n. Cossus, consul in 428 and consular tribune in 426 BC, slew Lars Tolumnius, King of

Veii Veii (also Veius; it, Veio) was an important ancient Etruscan civilization, Etruscan city situated on the southern limits of Etruria and north-northwest of Rome, Italy. It now lies in Isola Farnese, in the Comuni of the Province of Rome, comune ...

, to claim the '' spolia opima''. * Publius Cornelius A. f. P. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 415 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 415 and consul in 409 BC. * Aulus Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consul in 413 BC. * Publius Cornelius A. f. M. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 408 BC. * Publius Cornelius M. f. L. n. Rutilus Cossus, dictator in 408 and consular tribune in 406 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. A. n. Cossus, consular tribune in 406, 404, and 401 BC. *

Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Cossus Publius may refer to: Roman name * Publius (praenomen) * Ancient Romans with the name: ** Publius Valerius Publicola (died 503 BC), Roman consul, co-founder of the Republic **Publius Clodius Pulcher (c. 93 BC – 52 BC), Republican politician ...

, consular tribune in 395, and consul in 393 BC. * Aulus Cornelius Cossus, dictator in 385 BC. * Aulus Cornelius Cossus, consular tribune in 369 and 367 BC. * Aulus Cornelius P. f. A. n. Cossus Arvina, consul in 343 and 332, and dictator in 322 BC. * Publius Cornelius A. f. P. n. Arvina, consul in 306 and 288, and censor in 294 BC.

Cornelii Scipiones

* Publius Cornelius P. f. M. n. Maluginensis Scipio,

in 396 BC, and consular tribune in 395 and 394. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, one of the two first curule aediles appointed in 366 BC, and

in 350. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, consul in 350 BC. * Publius Cornelius Scipio Scapula, consul in 328 BC and dictator in 306. * Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio, father of the consul of 298 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Cn. f. Scipio Barbatus, consul in 298 BC, and censor in 280. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Cn. n. Scipio Asina, consul in 260 and 254 BC, during the

First Punic War The First Punic War (264–241 BC) was the first of Punic Wars, three wars fought between Roman Republic, Rome and Ancient Carthage, Carthage, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the early 3rd century BC. For 23 years ...

. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Cn. n. Scipio, consul in 259 and censor in 258 BC, captured

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; it, Sardegna, label=Italian, Corsican and Tabarchino ; sc, Sardigna , sdc, Sardhigna; french: Sardaigne; sdn, Saldigna; ca, Sardenya, label= Algherese and Catalan) is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, aft ...

and

Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France. It is the fourth-largest island in the Mediterranean and lies southeast of ...

. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Asina, consul in 221 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Calvus, consul in 222 BC, slain in Hispania, 211. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n., consul in 218 BC, slain in Hispania, 211. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio, a younger brother of the Scipiones who were slain in Hispania, and uncle of Africanus. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio Africanus, the conqueror of

Hannibal Hannibal (; xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋, ''Ḥannibaʿl''; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Pu ...

; consul in 205 and 194 BC, and censor in 199;

Princeps Senatus The ''princeps senatus'' ( ''principes senatus'') was the first member by precedence on the membership rolls of the Roman Senate. Although officially out of the ''cursus honorum'' and possessing no '' imperium'', this office conferred prestige on ...

. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Nasica, consul in 191 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, consul in 190 BC. Defeated

Antiochus III the Great Antiochus III the Great (; grc-gre, Ἀντίoχoς Μέγας ; c. 2413 July 187 BC) was a Greek Hellenistic king and the 6th ruler of the Seleucid Empire, reigning from 222 to 187 BC. He ruled over the region of Syria and large parts of the res ...

in 189. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio, elder son of Scipio Africanus, was elected augur in 180 BC. He was a noted historian and scholar. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Scipio, younger son of Scipio Africanus, praetor peregrinus in 174 BC, expelled from the

Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...

by the censors. * Cornelia P. f. L. n., elder daughter of Scipio Africanus, wife of Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica Corculum, and mother of Serapio. * Cornelia P. f. L. n., younger daughter of Scipio Africanus, and mother of

and

Gaius Gracchus Gaius Sempronius Gracchus ( – 121 BC) was a reformist Roman politician in the 2nd century BC. He is most famous for his tribunate for the years 123 and 122 BC, in which he proposed a wide set of laws, including laws to establish ...

. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Hispallus, praetor in 179 BC, and then became consul in 176.Münzer, ''Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families'', p. 189. * Marcus Cornelius Scipio Maluginensis, not related to the other Scipiones, he was perhaps a long descendant Publius Cornelius Maluginensis Scipio, of whom he reused the cognomen Maluginensis. He was praetor in 176 BC, but the censors of 174 expelled him from the Senate. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, quaestor in 167 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Cn. n. Scipio Nasica Corculum, consul in 162 and 155 BC, and censor in 159; pontifex maximus in 150 and princeps senatus in 147. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio, son of Publius Cornelius Scipio the historian, was appointed Flamen Dialis in 174 BC. His early death, about 169, compelled his father to adopt Scipio Aemilianus. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Africanus Aemilianus, consul in 147 and 134 BC, and censor in 142, triumphed over

Carthage Carthage was the capital city of Ancient Carthage, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the classi ...

and

Numantia Numantia ( es, Numancia) is an ancient Celtiberian settlement, whose remains are located on a hill known as Cerro de la Muela in the current municipality of Garray ( Soria), Spain. Numantia is famous for its role in the Celtiberian Wars. In ...

. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Scipio Hispanus, praetor in 139 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica Serapio, son of Scipio Nasica Corculum, consul in 138 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, consul in 111 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio, praetor about 109 BC, refused the province of Spain. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, the father of Scipio Asiaticus.''Fasti Capitolini''. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, praetor in 93 BC, crushed a revolt in Spain. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus, consul in 83 BC.Münzer, ''Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families'' p. 282. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Scipio Asiaticus Aemilianus, the eldest son of M. Aemilius Lepidus, adopted by the consul of 83 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Scipio Nasica, afterward ''Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica'', consul in 52 BC. * Cornelia P. f. Metella, daughter of the consul

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio (c. 95 – 46 BC), often referred to as Metellus Scipio, was a Roman senator and military commander. During the civil war between Julius Caesar and the senatorial faction led by Pompey, he was a staunch supp ...

; married first Publius Licinius Crassus and, after his death, Gnaeus Pompeius. * Cornelia, daughter of Scribonia, and stepdaughter of

Augustus Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pr ...

; married

Paullus Aemilius Lepidus Paullus Aemilius LepidusLightman, ''A to Z of Ancient Greek and Roman Women'', p. 205 (c. 77 BC – after 11 BC) was a Roman senator. Biography He was a grandson of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus and Appuleia through their son Lucius Aemilius Pa ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in 34 BC. * Publius Cornelius Scipio Salvito, accompanied

Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, an ...

on his African campaign, in 46 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Scipio, consul in 16 BC. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 51. * Publius Cornelius (P. n.) Scipio, consul in AD 56. *

Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus Publius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus was a Roman senator active during the Principate. He was suffect consul in the ''nundinium'' of September to December 68, as the colleague of Gaius Bellicius Natalis. Both Asiaticus and Bellicius Natalis were pic ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 68. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul ''suffectus'' in an uncertain year during the reign of Domitian, he was later banished and subsequently put to death, supposedly for having plotted against the emperor. * Cornelius Scipio Orfitus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 101. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 110, during the reign of

Trajan Trajan ( ; la, Caesar Nerva Traianus; 18 September 539/11 August 117) was Roman emperor from 98 to 117. Officially declared ''optimus princeps'' ("best ruler") by the senate, Trajan is remembered as a successful soldier-emperor who presi ...

. He was ''

praefectus urbi The ''praefectus urbanus'', also called ''praefectus urbi'' or urban prefect in English, was prefect of the city of Rome, and later also of Constantinople. The office originated under the Roman kings, continued during the Republic and Empire, a ...

'' under

Antoninus Pius Antoninus Pius ( Latin: ''Titus Aelius Hadrianus Antoninus Pius''; 19 September 86 – 7 March 161) was Roman emperor from 138 to 161. He was the fourth of the Five Good Emperors from the Nerva–Antonine dynasty. Born into a senatori ...

. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f.) Ser. n. Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, proconsul of Africa in AD 163 and 164. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f. Ser. n.) Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, consul in AD 178. * Servius Cornelius (Ser. f. Ser. n.) Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus, one of the Salii in AD 189 and 190. * Lucius Cornelius Scipio Orfitus, ''vir clarissimus'', augur in 295 AD, probably descended from the ''salius Palatinus''. * (Cornelius?) Scipio, a ''vir clarissimus'' in the late 4th century, possibly descended from Lucius Scipio Orfitus, the augur.

Cornelii Lentuli

* Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, according to his son, the only senator who voted against paying Brennus and the

to leave

Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus ( legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption ...

, in 390 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 327 and dictator in 320 BC. * Servius Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in 303 BC. * Tiberius Cornelius Ser. f. Cn. n. Lentulus, son of the consul of 303 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ti. f. Ser. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 275 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L.f. Ti. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 237 BC. * Publius Cornelius L.f. Ti. n. Lentulus Caudinus, consul in 236 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus,

curule aedile ''Aedile'' ( ; la, aedīlis , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to enf ...

in 209 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, praetor in 214 BC. * Servius Cornelius Lentulus, curule aedile in 207 BC, and

military tribune A military tribune (Latin ''tribunus militum'', "tribune of the soldiers") was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribune as a stepping stone ...

Hispania Hispania ( la, Hispānia , ; nearly identically pronounced in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, and Italian) was the Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula and its provinces. Under the Roman Republic, Hispania was divided into two provinces: Hi ...

in 205. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus Caudinus, praetor in 203 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, consul in 201 BC, and subsequently one of the triumvirs appointed to bring new colonists to

Narni Narni (in Latin, Narnia) is an ancient hilltown and '' comune'' of Umbria, in central Italy, with 19,252 inhabitants (2017). At an altitude of 240 m (787 ft), it overhangs a narrow gorge of the Nera River in the province of Tern ...

a. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, consul in 199 BC. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, ambassador sent to Greece in 171 BC, and praetor in

Sicily (man) it, Siciliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Ethnicity , demographics1_footnotes = , demographi ...

in 169. * Publius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, brother of the praetor of 169, also an ambassador sent to Greece in 171 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, messenger of Lucius Aemilius Paullus, after the defeat of

Perseus In Greek mythology, Perseus ( /ˈpɜːrsiəs, -sjuːs/; Greek: Περσεύς, translit. Perseús) is the legendary founder of Mycenae and of the Perseid dynasty. He was, alongside Cadmus and Bellerophon, the greatest Greek hero and slayer ...

, in 168 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Lentulus, ''consul suffectus'' in 162 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Cn. f. L. n. Lentulus Lupus, consul in 156 and censor in 147 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, consul in 146 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. Ser. n. Lentulus, praetor in 140 BC. * Cornelius Lentulus, praetor in Sicily, defeated ''circa'' 134 BC during the First Servile War. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, praetor ''circa'' 128 BC, was the father of Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, consul in 71 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus, quaestor ''circa'' 100 BC, was honored at

Delos The island of Delos (; el, Δήλος ; Attic: , Doric: ), near Mykonos, near the centre of the Cyclades archipelago, is one of the most important mythological, historical, and archaeological sites in Greece. The excavations in the island ar ...

. * Publius Cornelius (L. f.) Lentulus, legate of the consul

Lucius Caesar Lucius Caesar (17 BC – 20 August AD 2) was a grandson of Augustus, the first Roman emperor. The son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder, Augustus' only daughter, Lucius was adopted by his grandfather along with his older brother, ...

in 90 BC, during the Marsic War. He was murdered by partisans of Marius in 87. He was probably father of Publius, quaestor c. 72 BC, and of Lentulus Crus. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus, consul in 97 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus, consul in 72, and censor in 70 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Lentulus Sura, consul in 71 BC, later one of

Catiline Lucius Sergius Catilina ( 108 BC – January 62 BC), known in English as Catiline (), was a Roman politician and soldier. He is best known for instigating the Catilinarian conspiracy, a failed attempt to violently seize control of the ...

's conspirators. * Publius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Lentulus, quaestor ''circa'' 72 BC, possibly identical with Lentulus Spinther. * Publius Cornelius P. f. (L. or Cn. n.) Lentulus Spinther, consul in 57 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Lentulus Spinther, a partisan of

Pompeius Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (; 29 September 106 BC – 28 September 48 BC), known in English as Pompey or Pompey the Great, was a leading Roman Republic, Roman general and statesman. He played a significant role in the tr ...

, and later one of the conspirators against

. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Marcellinus, the son of

Marcus Claudius Marcellus Marcus Claudius Marcellus (; 270 – 208 BC), five times elected as consul of the Roman Republic, was an important Roman military leader during the Gallic War of 225 BC and the Second Punic War. Marcellus gained the most prestigious award a Roma ...

, he was adopted by one of the Cornelii Lentuli. He was a lieutenant of Pompeius during the war against the pirates, in 67 BC, and was an orator of considerable merit. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Cn. f. Clodianus, sent to observe the progress of the

Helvetii The Helvetii ( , Gaulish: *''Heluētī''), anglicized as Helvetians, were a Celtic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC. According to Juliu ...

in 60 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. Lentulus Marcellinus, consul in 56 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Vatia, mentioned by

in 56 BC. *

Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Niger Lucius ( el, Λούκιος ''Loukios''; ett, Luvcie) is a male given name derived from ''Lucius'' (abbreviated ''L.''), one of the small group of common Latin forenames (''praenomina'') found in the culture of ancient Rome. Lucius derives from L ...

, ''

Flamen Martialis In ancient Roman religion, the Flamen Martialis was the high priest of the official state cult of Mars, the god of war. He was one of the '' flamines maiores'', the three high priests who were the most important of the fifteen flamens. The Flamen ...

'', died in 56 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, ''Flamen Martialis'' following Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Niger, was still alive in 20 BC. *

Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Crus (before 97 BC48 BC) was Consul of the Roman Republic in 49 BC, an opponent of Caesar and supporter of Pompeius in the Civil War during 49 to 48 BC. Family and political career Born sometime before 97 BC, son of a ...

, consul in 49 BC, and a partisan of Pompeius. * (Publius) Cornelius Cn. f. P. n. Lentulus Marcellinus, quaestor in 48 BC, commanded a portion of Caesar's fortifications at Dyrrhachium, where he was defeated by Pompeius with heavy losses, but afterward saved by

Mark Antony Marcus Antonius (14 January 1 August 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the au ...

. * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Cruscellio, proscribed by the triumvirs in 43 BC, but escaped, and was later reconciled with them. He was consul ''suffectus'' in 38 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 18 BC. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus P. f. (Cn. n.) Marcellinus, consul in 18 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Lentulus Augur, consul in 14 BC. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. Lentulus, consul in 3 BC. * Cornelia (L. f.), wife of Lucius Volusius Saturninus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 3. * Cossus Cornelius Cn. f. (Cn. n.) Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in 1 BC. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus Scipio, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 2. *

Servius Cornelius Lentulus Maluginensis Servius Cornelius Lentulus Maluginensis (died AD 23) was a Roman statesman, who flourished during the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius. He was '' flamen dialis'', and consul ''suffectus'' in AD 10. Descent Descended from the patrician Cornelia g ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 10. He had been appointed ''Flamen Dialis'' by Augustus, which prevented him from being appointed governor of

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an are ...

in AD 22. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Lentulus Maluginensis, appointed ''Flamen Dialis'' in place of his father, following the latter's death in AD 23. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Lentulus Scipio,

legate Legate may refer to: * Legatus, a higher ranking general officer of the Roman army drawn from among the senatorial class :*Legatus Augusti pro praetore, a provincial governor in the Roman Imperial period *A member of a legation *A representative, ...

Quintus Junius Blaesus Quintus Junius Blaesus (died AD 31) was a Roman ''novus homo'' ("new man," that is, the first member of his family to gain entrance to the Roman nobility) who lived during the reigns of Augustus and Tiberius. He was the maternal uncle of Lucius A ...

, proconsul of Africa in AD 22, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 24. * Cossus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in AD 25. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in AD 26. * Publius Cornelius Lentulus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 27. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cossi n. Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 55. * Cossus Cornelius Cossi f. Cn. n. Lentulus, consul in AD 60. * Cornelius Lentulus, a celebrated actor and writer of pantomimes; his period is uncertain, but he must have lived before the end of the first century.

Cornelii Rufini et Sullae

* Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 334 BC, but resigned due to a fault in his nomination. The ''Fasti Consulares'' list him again as dictator again in 333, during the first "Dictator Year" (a year without consul), but the historicity of the Dictator Years is doubted by modern scholars. Livy only mentions him in 334. * Gnaeus Cornelius Rufinus, the son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, the dictator of 334 BC, was father of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, dictator in 280. * Publius Cornelius Cn. f. P. n. Rufinus, grandson of the dictator Publius Cornelius Rufinus, was consul in 290 and 277 BC, and dictator in 280. * Publius Cornelius P. f. (Rufinus) Sulla, Flamen Dialis from ''circa'' 270 BC until the middle of the century, was the first of the Cornelii to bear the cognomen ''Sulla''. He was probably the son of Publius Cornelius Rufinus, consul in 290 and 277, and father of Publius Cornelius Sulla, praetor in 212. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, praetor urbanus and peregrinus in 212 BC, held the first ''Ludi Apollinares''. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Sulla, praetor in 186 BC, obtained Sicily as his province. * Servius Cornelius P. f. Sulla, praetor in 175 BC, he obtained

as his province. He later served as a commissioner, sent to assist Lucius Aemilius Paullus in arranging the affairs of Macedonia, in 167 BC. * Publius Cornelius Sulla, ''triumvir monetalis'' in 151 BC, possibly the uncle of the dictator

Lucius Cornelius Sulla Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix (; 138–78 BC), commonly known as Sulla, was a Roman general and statesman. He won the first large-scale civil war in Roman history and became the first man of the Republic to seize power through force. Sulla had ...

. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, son of the Publius Cornelius Sulla who was praetor in 186 BC, and father of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla Felix, consul in 88 and 80, and dictator ''rei publicae constituendae causa'' from 82 to 81 BC. * Servius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla, brother of the dictator Lucius Cornelius Sulla. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., daughter of the dictator by his first wife, Ilia; married first Quintus Pompeius Rufus, and after his death, Mamercus Aemilius Lepidus Livianus. * Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of the dictator by his fourth wife, Caecilia Metella, died in the lifetime of his father. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of the dictator, was quaestor in 54 BC, and later a partisan of

. * Fausta Cornelia L. f. L. n., daughter of the dictator, and twin sister of Faustus Cornelius Sulla. * Cornelia L. f. L. n. Postuma, daughter of the dictator by his fifth wife, Valeria. * Publius Cornelius Ser. f. L. n. Sulla, a nephew of the dictator, was elected consul in 66 BC, but was disqualified from the office. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. L. n. Sulla, another nephew of the dictator, took part in both of the conspiracies of

. * Cornelia F. f. L. n., the daughter of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, and granddaughter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla the dictator. * Publius Cornelius P. f. Ser. n. Sulla, son of Publius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of 66 BC, may have been the father of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, consul in 5 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Sulla, consul in 5 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Sulla P. f. F. n. Felix, a member of the

Arval Brethren In ancient Roman religion, the Arval Brethren ( la, Fratres Arvales, "Brothers of the Fields") or Arval Brothers were a body of priests who offered annual sacrifices to the Lares and gods to guarantee good harvests. Inscriptions provide evi ...

, was a grandson of Faustus Cornelius Sulla, the quaestor of 54 BC. He died in AD 21. He was the father of Faustus, consul in AD 31, and Lucius, consul in 33. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla, son of the Arval Sulla Felix, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 31. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Sulla Felix, another son of the Arval Sulla Felix, was consul in AD 33. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla, son of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of AD 33, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 52. * Faustus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Sulla Felix, son of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the consul of AD 52, was put to death by

Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68), was the fifth Roman emperor and final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 un ...

in 63. * Cornelius Sulla, governor of

Cappadocia Cappadocia or Capadocia (; tr, Kapadokya), is a historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It largely is in the provinces Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. According to Herodotus, in the time of the Ionian Revo ...

, put to death by

Cornelii Dolabellae

* Publius Cornelius Dolabella Maximus, consul in 283 BC. * Marcus Cornelius Dolabella, praetor in Sicily in 211 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, inaugurated as ''

rex sacrorum In ancient Roman religion, the ''rex sacrorum'' ("king of the sacred things", also sometimes ''rex sacrificulus'') was a senatorial priesthood reserved for patricians. Although in the historical era, the '' pontifex maximus'' was the head of R ...

'' in place of Marcus Marcius in 208 BC, and held this office until his death in 180. * Lucius Cornelius Dolabella, ''duumvir navalis'' in 180 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, consul in 159 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. Dolabella, father of the proconsul Lucius. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, put to death in 100 BC, together with the tribune Saturninus. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. L. n. Dolabella, as proconsul in 99 BC, defeated the Lusitani and received a triumph. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Cn. n. Dolabella, consul in 81 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, ''

praetor urbanus Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge vari ...

'' in 81 BC, an accomplice of

Verres Gaius Verres (c. 120–43 BC) was a Roman magistrate, notorious for his misgovernment of Sicily. His extortion of local farmers and plundering of temples led to his prosecution by Cicero, whose accusations were so devastating that his defence adv ...

. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, ''praetor urbanus'' in 67 BC, and later

proconsul A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military command, or ' ...

. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, ''consul suffectus'' in 44 BC, and

's son-in-law. * Publius Cornelius Dolabella, consul in 35 BC. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Dolabella, consul in AD 10 and proconsul of

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

in AD 23 and 24, conqueror of Tacfarinas. * Publius Cornelius P. f. P. n. Dolabella, consul in AD 55 and son of the consul in AD 10.Tansey, "The Perils of Prosopography, p. 271 * Gnaeus Cornelius Dolabella, was put to death by

upon the emperor's accession in 69. * Servius Cornelius Cn. f. Dolabella Petronianus, consul in AD 86.Fasti Ostienses, . * Cornelius Dolabella Veranianus, one of the sons of various Roman senators who were appointed to serve the

in AD 105. * Servius Cornelius P. n. Dolabella Metilianus, either the father or the brother of the consul of AD 113. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. P. n. Dolabella Metilianus Pompeius Marcellus, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 113.

Cornelii Merendae

* Servius Cornelius P. f. Ser. n. Merenda, legate in 275 BC under the consul Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Caudinus, who rewarded him for taking a Samnite town. He was then consul in 274. * Publius Cornelius Merenda, failed candidate to the consulship in 217 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Merenda, praetor in Sardinia in 194 BC, and one of the ten ambassadors sent to Asia to negotiate and implement the

Treaty of Apamea The Treaty of Apamea was a peace treaty conducted in 188 BC between the Roman Republic and Antiochus III, ruler of the Seleucid Empire. It ended the Roman–Seleucid War. The treaty took place after Roman victories at the Battle of Thermopy ...

in 189 and 188.

Cornelii Blasiones

* Gnaeus Cornelius P. f. Cn. n. Blasio, consul in 270 and 257 BC, and censor in 265. He might have been Princeps Senatus in the 240s and early 230s. * Gnaeus Cornelius Blasio, praetor in Sicily in 194 BC. * Publius Cornelius Blasio, ambassador to the

Carni The Carni ( Greek: Καρνίοι) were a tribe of the Eastern Alps in classical antiquity of Celtic language and culture, settling in the mountains separating Noricum and Venetia (roughly corresponding to the more modern Slovenia and Carinthia) ...

, Istri, and

Iapydes The Iapydes (or Iapodes, Japodes; el, Ἰάποδες) were an ancient people who dwelt north of and inland from the Liburnians, off the Adriatic coast and eastwards of the Istrian peninsula. They occupied the interior of the country between th ...

in 170 BC, and special commissioner in 168. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f. Blasio, ''triumvir monetalis'' ''circa'' 112 BC.

Cornelii Cethegi

Cornelius Cethegus, denarius, 115-114 BC, RRC 288

* Marcus Cornelius M. f. M. n. Cethegus, as flamen in 223 BC, was compelled to abdicate due to an error in performing a sacrifice. Appointed a pontifex in 213, when curule aedile; praetor in 200, censor in 209, consul in 204, and afterwards proconsul in Gaul, where he fought against Mago. * Gaius Cornelius L. f. M. n. Cethegus, consul in 197 and censor in 194 BC. * Publius Cornelius L. f. P. n. Cethegus, consul in 181 BC. * Publius Cornelius Cethegus, praetor in 184 BC. * Marcus Cornelius C. f. C. n. Cethegus, consul in 160 BC. * Lucius Cornelius (C. f. L. n.) Cethegus, supporter of a bill by the tribune Lucius Scribonius Libo to impeach

Servius Sulpicius Galba Servius Sulpicius Galba may refer to: * Servius Sulpicius Galba (consul 144 BC) * Servius Sulpicius Galba (consul 108 BC) * Servius Sulpicius Galba (praetor 54 BC), assassin of Julius Caesar * Galba, born Servius Sulpicius Galba, Roman emperor fr ...

in 149 BC. * Cornelius Cethegus, ''triumvir monetalis ''in 115 or 114 BC. * Publius Cornelius Cethegus, a partisan of

Gaius Marius Gaius Marius (; – 13 January 86 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. Victor of the Cimbric and Jugurthine wars, he held the office of consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his important refor ...

, was pardoned by

in 83 BC. * Gaius Cornelius Cethegus, joined the conspiracy of

in 63 BC, and was executed after its failure. * Cornelius Cethegus, a senator who voted for the death of his brother, Gaius, for his role in Catiline's conspiracy. * Servius Cornelius Cethegus, father of Servius, the consul of AD 24. * Servius Cornelius Ser. f. Cethegus, consul in AD 24. *

Marcus Gavius Cornelius Cethegus Marcus Gavius Cornelius Cethegus was a Roman senator active during the middle of the second century AD. He was ordinary consul for 170 as the colleague of Gaius Erucius Clarus. Cethegus is best known for his behavior while travelling through Roma ...

, consul in AD 170.

Cornelii Mammulae

* Aulus Cornelius Mammula, praetor at the beginning of the Second Punic War in 217 BC. As propraetor in Sardinia the following year, he unsuccessfully petitioned the Senate for money and supplies for his soldiers. * Aulus Cornelius Mammula, praetor in 191 BC, subsequently received the province of

Bruttium 01 or '01 may refer to: * The year 2001, or any year ending with 01 * The month of January * 1 (number) Music * 01'' (Richard Müller album), 2001 * ''01'' (Son of Dave album), 2000 * ''01'' (Urban Zakapa album), 2011 * ''O1'' (Hiroyuki Sawa ...

. * Publius Cornelius Mammula, praetor in 180 BC, received the province of Sicily. * Marcus Cornelius Mammula, one of four ambassadors sent to

Perseus of Macedon Perseus ( grc-gre, Περσεύς; 212 – 166 BC) was the last king (''Basileus'') of the Antigonid dynasty, who ruled the successor state in Macedon created upon the death of Alexander the Great. He was the last Antigonid to rule Macedon, aft ...

and

Ptolemy VI of Egypt Ptolemy VI Philometor ( gr, Πτολεμαῖος Φιλομήτωρ, ''Ptolemaĩos Philomḗtōr'';"Ptolemy, lover of his Mother". 186–145 BC) was a Greek king of Ptolemaic Egypt who reigned from 180 to 164 BC and from 163 to 145 BC. Ptolemy ...

in 173 BC.

Cornelii Merulae

* Lucius Cornelius L. f. Merula, praetor urbanus in 198 BC, and consul in 193. * Gnaeus Cornelius Merula, appointed legate by the

to resolve a dispute respecting the sovereignty of

Cyprus Cyprus ; tr, Kıbrıs (), officially the Republic of Cyprus,, , lit: Republic of Cyprus is an island country located south of the Anatolian Peninsula in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Its continental position is disputed; while it is ...

in 162 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Merula, curule aedile in 161 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Merula, Flamen Dialis, and ''consul suffectus'' in 87 BC.

Cornelii Sisennae

* Publius Cornelius Sisenna, praetor ''urbanus'' in 183 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius Sisenna, praetor in Macedonia in 119 BC, then proconsul the following year. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. Sisenna, ''

triumvir monetalis The ''triumvir monetalis'' ( ''tresviri'' or ''triumviri monetales'', also called the , abbreviated IIIVIR A. A. A. F. F.) was a moneyer during the Roman Republic and the Empire, who oversaw the minting of coins. In that role, he would be respon ...

'' between 118 and 107 BC. *

Lucius Cornelius Sisenna Lucius Cornelius Sisenna (c. 120 – 67 BC) was a Roman soldier, historian, and annalist. Life Little is known of Sisenna's life or family. The first Cornelius Sisenna (perhaps Lucius' grandfather or great-grandfather) appears as urban prae ...

, praetor ''urbanus'' and ''peregrinus'' in 78 BC, then perhaps governor of Sicily; he was a supporter of

. Legate under Gnaeus Pompeius in 67, during the war against the pirates, he was sent to command the army based in Crete, but died soon after his arrival. Sisenna was a historian, whose work was greatly praised by Cicero and

Sallust Gaius Sallustius Crispus, usually anglicised as Sallust (; 86 – ), was a Roman historian and politician from an Italian plebeian family. Probably born at Amiternum in the country of the Sabines, Sallust became during the 50s BC a partisa ...

. * Cornelius Sisenna, legate in Syria in 57 BC, serving under his father-in-law,

Aulus Gabinius Aulus Gabinius (by 101 BC – 48 or 47 BC) was a Roman statesman and general. He was an avid supporter of Pompey who likewise supported Gabinius. He was a prominent figure in the latter days of the Roman Republic. Career In 67 BC, when trib ...

, the consul of the previous year. when Gabinius was prosecuted for bribery by Gaius Memmius, Sisenna pleaded with Memmius on Gabinius' behalf, but to no avail. *Cornelius Sisenna, ''triumvir monetalis'' in 5 BC.

Cornelii Cinnae

* Lucius Cornelius L. f. Cinna, ''triumvir monetalis'' between 169 and 158 BC, legate in 136, praetor by 130, and consul in 127. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, consul in 87 (deposed), and from 86 to 84 BC. He was the leader of the ''

Populares Optimates (; Latin for "best ones", ) and populares (; Latin for "supporters of the people", ) are labels applied to politicians, political groups, traditions, strategies, or ideologies in the late Roman Republic. There is "heated academic dis ...

'' after the death of

, but was murdered by his own soldiers during his fourth consulship. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., wife of Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus. * Cornelia L. f. L. n., daughter of the consul of 87 BC, and wife of

Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar (; ; 12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), was a Roman general and statesman. A member of the First Triumvirate, Caesar led the Roman armies in the Gallic Wars before defeating his political rival Pompey in a civil war, an ...

. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, praetor in 44, was almost murdered by a mob after denouncing his former brother-in-law, Julius Caesar, after the latter's assassination. * Lucius Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna, quaestor of Publius Cornelius Dolabella against Brutus in 44 BC. He was probably suffect consul in 32 BC. * Gnaeus Cornelius L. f. L. n. Cinna Magnus, consul in AD 5, conspired against

but was pardoned. * (Cornelia) Magna, sister of Cinna Magnus.

Cornelii Balbi

* Lucius Cornelius Balbus, consul ''suffectus'' in 40 BC. * Publius Cornelius Balbus, brother of the consul of 40 BC. * Lucius Cornelius P. f. Balbus, proconsul of

in 21 BC, triumphed over the Garamantes.

Other Cornelii during the Republic

* Aulus Cornelius, quaestor in 459 BC, attempted the prosecution of Marcus Volscius Fictor for his part in the exile of Caeso Quinctius. * Publius Cornelius Calussa, elected pontifex maximus ''circa'' 330 BC, without having first held any of the curule magistracies. * Publius Cornelius, praetor in 234 BC, received the province of

. While there, he and many of those under his command he became sick and died. * Gnaeus Cornelius, installed as flamen Dialis in 174 BC. * Gaius Cornelius M. f., a senator in 129 BC. He was possibly a son of Marcus Cornelius Cethegus, consul in 160, as the Cethegi were the only Cornelii to use the praenomen Gaius at this time. * Lucius Cornelius M. f., a senator in 129 BC. Despite having the same filiation, the two senators of 129 were not directly related, as Lucius belonged to the ''tribus'' Romilia and Gaius was from Stellatina. * Gnaeus Cornelius Cn. f., of the Palatina tribe, a councilor of the consul Pompeius Strabo in 89 BC, possibly a military tribune. He might be one of the Dolabellae, or the father of Lentulus Clodianus. * Cornelius, a '' scriba'' during the dictatorship of

, was quaestor during that of

. *

Lucius Cornelius Chrysogonus Lucius Cornelius Chrysogonus (died after 80 BC) was a Greek freedman of Lucius Cornelius Sulla whom Sulla put in charge of the proscriptions of 82 BC. He purchased the property of the proscribed Sextus Roscius Amerinus, worth 250 talents, for 2,000 ...

, a freedman of Sulla who hunted the men proscribed by his master in 82 and 81 BC. *

Cornelius Phagita Cornelius may refer to: People * Cornelius (name), Roman family name and a masculine given name * Pope Cornelius, pope from AD 251 to 253 * St. Cornelius (disambiguation), multiple saints * Cornelius (musician), stage name of Keigo Oyamada * Me ...

, another freedman of Sulla, captured Caesar when he was proscribed in 82 BC. * Lucius Cornelius Alexander Polyhistor, a freedman of Greek origin, was a scholar, tutor, and writer on history and geography during the first half of the first century BC. * Gaius Cornelius, a quaestor serving under Pompeius, was tribune of the plebs in 67 BC. * Publius Cornelius, tribune of the plebs in 51 BC. * Cornelius, a centurion in the army of

Octavian Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pr ...

in 43 BC, sent to Rome to demand the consulship for their general. * Gaius Cornelius Gallus, poet, and prefect of

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning the North Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via a land bridg ...

in 30 BC.

Other Cornelii of imperial times

* Cornelius Tlepolemus, a painter from Cibyra in

Sicily (man) it, Siciliana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = Ethnicity , demographics1_footnotes = , demographi ...

, who came into the service of Verres.

called him one of Verres' ''canes venatici'', his hunting dogs. *

Cornelius Nepos Cornelius Nepos (; c. 110 BC – c. 25 BC) was a Roman biographer. He was born at Hostilia, a village in Cisalpine Gaul not far from Verona. Biography Nepos's Cisalpine birth is attested by Ausonius, and Pliny the Elder calls him ''Pad ...

, a historian and contemporary of Cicero. *

Cornelius Severus Cornelius Severus was an Augustus, Augustan Age Ancient Rome, Roman Epic poetry, epic poet who is mentioned in Quintilian and Ovid. Quintilian attests to an epic about the Sicilian Wars, ''Bellum Siculum,'' and Ovid refers to a long poem on Rome's ...

, poet during the time of

. *

Aulus Cornelius Celsus Aulus Cornelius Celsus ( 25 BC 50 AD) was a Roman encyclopaedist, known for his extant medical work, ''De Medicina'', which is believed to be the only surviving section of a much larger encyclopedia. The ''De Medicina'' is a primary source on ...

, a celebrated

writer on medicine, probably during the early part of the first century AD. * Cornelius Tuscus, a historian spoken of by

Seneca the Elder Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Elder (; c. 54 BC – c. 39 AD), also known as Seneca the Rhetorician, was a Roman writer, born of a wealthy equestrian family of Corduba, Hispania. He wrote a collection of reminiscences about the Roman schools of rheto ...

, who accused Mamercus Aemilius Scaurus of ''majestas'' in AD 34. *

Cornelius Fuscus Cornelius Fuscus (died 86 AD) was a Roman general who fought campaigns under the Emperors of the Flavian dynasty. He first distinguished himself as one of Vespasian's most ardent supporters during the civil war of 69 AD, known as the Year of the ...

, a Roman general and supporter of

Vespasian Vespasian (; la, Vespasianus ; 17 November AD 9 – 23/24 June 79) was a Roman emperor who reigned from AD 69 to 79. The fourth and last emperor who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors, he founded the Flavian dynasty that ruled the Emp ...

. * Cornelius Fuscus, probably son of the general, written to by the younger Pliny. * Cornelius Martialis, served in the army of Titus Flavius Sabinus, and perished in the burning of the Capitol, in AD 69. *

Cornelius Laco Cornelius Laco (died 69) was a prefect of the Roman imperial bodyguard, known as the Praetorian Guard, under Emperor Galba from 68 until his death on 15 January of AD 69. Laco acceded to this office upon the suicide of the previous emperor Nero, ...

, prefect of the

Praetorian Guard The Praetorian Guard (Latin: ''cohortēs praetōriae'') was a unit of the Imperial Roman army that served as personal bodyguards and intelligence agents for the Roman emperors. During the Roman Republic, the Praetorian Guard were an escort fo ...

under the emperor

Galba Galba (; born Servius Sulpicius Galba; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was the sixth Roman emperor, ruling from AD 68 to 69. After his adoption by his stepmother, and before becoming emperor, he was known as Livius Ocella Sulpicius Ga ...

, AD 69. * Publius Cornelius Tacitus, one of the most celebrated Roman historians, who chronicled the first century of the Empire. * Aulus Cornelius Palma Frontonianus, consul in AD 99 and 109, put to death by

Hadrian Hadrian (; la, Caesar Trâiānus Hadriānus ; 24 January 76 – 10 July 138) was Roman emperor from 117 to 138. He was born in Italica (close to modern Santiponce in Spain), a Roman ''municipium'' founded by Italic settlers in Hispania ...

in AD 117. * Servius Cornelius, a

jurist A jurist is a person with expert knowledge of law; someone who analyses and comments on law. This person is usually a specialist legal scholar, mostly (but not always) with a formal qualification in law and often a legal practitioner. In the U ...

in the time of

. *

Lucius Cornelius Pusio Annius Messalla Lucius Cornelius Pusio Annius Messalla was a Roman senator under the Flavian dynasty who held several offices in the emperor's service. He was suffect consul in an uncertain year, most likely 72 or 73, as the colleague of Plotius Pegasus. The sh ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in either AD 72 or 73. * Lucius Cornelius Pusio Annius Messala, consul in AD 90 and son of the homonymous consul. *

Quintus Cornelius Senecio Annianus Quintus Cornelius Senecio Annianus was a Roman senator, who was active during the reign of Antoninus Pius and held several imperial appointments. He was suffect consul in the ''nundinium'' of September-October 142 as the colleague of Lucius Tusid ...

, consul ''suffectus'' in AD 142. His brother, Proculus, was consul four years later. *

Marcus Cornelius Fronto Marcus Cornelius Fronto (c. 100late 160s AD), best known as Fronto, was a Roman grammarian, rhetorician, and advocate. Of Berber origin, he was born at Cirta (modern-day Constantine, Algeria) in Numidia. He was suffect consul for the '' nundini ...

, a famous orator, and ''consul suffectus'' in AD 143.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, pp. 183–185 (" M. Cornelius Fronto"). *

Quintus Cornelius Proculus Quintus Cornelius Proculus was a Roman senator, who was active during the middle of the second century AD. He was suffect consul in the ''nundinium'' of November–December 146 as the colleague of Lucius Aemilius Longus. Proculus is known entirely ...

, the brother of Annianus, was consul ''suffectus'' in AD 146. *

Quintus Cornelius Quadratus Quintus Cornelius Quadratus was a Roman senator who held a number of offices in the emperor's service. He served as suffect consul for the ''nundinium'' July-September 147 as the colleague of Cupressenus Gallus. Quadratus is best known as the brot ...

, consul in AD 147 and brother of the orator. * Gnaeus Cornelius Severus, consul in AD 152. *

Sextus Cornelius Repentinus Cornelius Repentinus was a Roman Senator who was active in the 2nd century AD. He held a number of positions during the reigns of emperors Marcus Aurelius, Commodus and Didius Julianus, which included suffect consul and Urban prefect of Rome. ...

praetorian prefect The praetorian prefect ( la, praefectus praetorio, el, ) was a high office in the Roman Empire. Originating as the commander of the Praetorian Guard, the office gradually acquired extensive legal and administrative functions, with its holders be ...

from AD 160 to 167. *

Cornelius Repentinus Cornelius Repentinus was a Roman Senator who was active in the 2nd century AD. He held a number of positions during the reigns of emperors Marcus Aurelius, Commodus and Didius Julianus, which included suffect consul and Urban prefect of Rome. Re ...

, ''

'', son of the praetorian prefect, and son-in-law of the emperor

Didius Julianus Marcus Didius Julianus (; 29 January 133 or 137 – 2 June 193) was Roman emperor for nine weeks from March to June 193, during the Year of the Five Emperors. Julianus had a promising political career, governing several provinces, including D ...

. * Julia Cornelia Paula, empress and first wife of the emperor

, from AD 219 to 220. * Titus Cornelius Celsus, one of the '' Thirty Tyrants (Roman)'' enumerated by Trebellius Pollio in the

Augustan History The ''Historia Augusta'' (English: ''Augustan History'') is a late Roman collection of biographies, written in Latin, of the Roman emperors, their junior colleagues, designated heirs and usurpers from 117 to 284. Supposedly modeled on the si ...

. *

Publius Cornelius Saecularis Publius Cornelius Saecularis (fl. mid-third century) was a Roman politician who was appointed consul twice, first in around AD 240 and later in AD 260, during the Crisis of the Third Century. Biography Saecularis was a Roman senator who was appoin ...

, consul ''circa'' AD 240, and again in 260. * Cornelius Rufus, a Roman whose house was found in

Pompeii Pompeii (, ) was an ancient city located in what is now the ''comune'' of Pompei near Naples in the Campania region of Italy. Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area (e.g. at Boscoreale, Stabiae), was burie ...

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

Ancient sources

Marcus Tullius Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the esta ...

, '' Brutus'', ''

De Officiis ''De Officiis'' (''On Duties'' or ''On Obligations'') is a political and ethical treatise by the Roman orator, philosopher, and statesman Marcus Tullius Cicero written in 44 BC. The treatise is divided into three books, in which Cicero expounds h ...

'', ''

De Oratore ''De Oratore'' (''On the Orator''; not to be confused with '' Orator'') is a dialogue written by Cicero in 55 BC. It is set in 91 BC, when Lucius Licinius Crassus dies, just before the Social War and the civil war between Marius and Sulla, d ...

'', ''

Epistulae ad Atticum ''Epistulae ad Atticum'' ( Latin for "Letters to Atticus") is a collection of letters from Roman politician and orator Marcus Tullius Cicero to his close friend Titus Pomponius Atticus. The letters in this collection, together with Cicero's ...

'', '' Epistulae ad Familiares'', '' Epistulae ad Quintum Fratrem'', ''

In Verrem "In Verrem" ("Against Verres") is a series of speeches made by Cicero in 70 BC, during the corruption and extortion trial of Gaius Verres, the former governor of Sicily. The speeches, which were concurrent with Cicero's election to the aedileshi ...

'', '' Philippicae'', '' Pro Lege Manilia'', ''Pro Sulla''. * Gaius Sallustius Crispus (

), ''Bellum Catilinae'' (The Conspiracy of Catiline), ''Historiae'' (The Histories). *

Diodorus Siculus Diodorus Siculus, or Diodorus of Sicily ( grc-gre, Διόδωρος ; 1st century BC), was an ancient Greek historian. He is known for writing the monumental universal history '' Bibliotheca historica'', in forty books, fifteen of which ...

, ''

Bibliotheca Historica ''Bibliotheca historica'' ( grc, Βιβλιοθήκη Ἱστορική, ) is a work of universal history by Diodorus Siculus. It consisted of forty books, which were divided into three sections. The first six books are geographical in theme, ...

'' (Library of History). * Quintus Horatius Flaccus (

), '' Ars Poëtica'' (The Art of Poetry). *

Dionysius of Halicarnassus Dionysius of Halicarnassus ( grc, Διονύσιος Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἁλικαρνασσεύς, ; – after 7 BC) was a Greek historian and teacher of rhetoric, who flourished during the reign of Emperor Augustus. His literary styl ...

, ''Romaike Archaiologia'' (Roman Antiquities). * Titus Livius (

Livy Titus Livius (; 59 BC – AD 17), known in English as Livy ( ), was a Roman historian. He wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people, titled , covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome before the traditional founding in ...

), ''

History of Rome The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome. Roman history has been influential on the modern world, especially in the history of the Catholic Church, and Roman law has influenced ...

''. *

Valerius Maximus Valerius Maximus () was a 1st-century Latin writer and author of a collection of historical anecdotes: ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("Nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' ...

, ''

Factorum ac Dictorum Memorabilium ''Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX'' ("nine books of memorable deeds and sayings", also known as ''De factis dictisque memorabilibus'' or ''Facta et dicta memorabilia'') by Valerius Maximus (c. 20 BC – c. AD 50) was written arou ...

'' (Memorable Facts and Sayings). * Lucius Annaeus Seneca (

), ''Suasoriae'' (Rhetorical Exercises). * Lucius Annaeus Seneca (

Seneca the Younger Lucius Annaeus Seneca the Younger (; 65 AD), usually known mononymously as Seneca, was a Stoic philosopher of Ancient Rome, a statesman, dramatist, and, in one work, satirist, from the post-Augustan age of Latin literature. Seneca was born ...

), '' Ad Marciam, De Consolatione'' (To Marcia, on Consolation), ''

De Clementia ''De Clementia'' (frequently translated as ''On Mercy'' in English) is a two volume (incomplete) hortatory essay written in AD 55–56 by Seneca the Younger, a Roman Stoic philosopher, to the emperor Nero in the first five years of his reign. D ...

'' (On Clemency). * Gaius Plinius Secundus (

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/2479), called Pliny the Elder (), was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic ' ...

), '' Historia Naturalis'' (Natural History). * Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (

Pliny the Younger Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, born Gaius Caecilius or Gaius Caecilius Cilo (61 – c. 113), better known as Pliny the Younger (), was a lawyer, author, and magistrate of Ancient Rome. Pliny's uncle, Pliny the Elder, helped raise and educate ...

), '' Epistulae'' (Letters). *

Sextus Julius Frontinus Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a prominent Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube ...

, '' De Aquaeductu'' (On Aqueducts). * Marcus Fabius Quintilianus (

), ''

Institutio Oratoria ''Institutio Oratoria'' (English: Institutes of Oratory) is a twelve-volume textbook on the theory and practice of rhetoric by Roman rhetorician Quintilian. It was published around year 95 AD. The work deals also with the foundational education ...

'' (Institutes of Oratory). * Publius Cornelius Tacitus, '' Annales'', '' Historiae''. *

us, '' Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans''. *

Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly referred to as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian who wrote during the early Imperial era of the Roman Empire. His most important surviving work is a set of biographies ...

, '' De Vita Caesarum'' (Lives of the Caesars, or The Twelve Caesars). * Lucius Annaeus Florus, ''Epitome de T. Livio Bellorum Omnium Annorum DCC'' (Epitome of Livy: All the Wars of Seven Hundred Years). * Appianus Alexandrinus (

Appian Appian of Alexandria (; grc-gre, Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς ''Appianòs Alexandreús''; la, Appianus Alexandrinus; ) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of Emperors of Rome Trajan, Ha ...

), ''Bella Mithridatica'' (The Mithridatic Wars), * * Lucius Ampelius, '' Liber Memorialis''. *

Cassius Dio Lucius Cassius Dio (), also known as Dio Cassius ( ), was a Roman historian and senator of maternal Greek origin. He published 80 volumes of the history on ancient Rome, beginning with the arrival of Aeneas in Italy. The volumes documented the ...

, ''Roman History''. * Aelius Lampridius, Aelius Spartianus, Flavius Vopiscus, Julius Capitolinus, Trebellius Pollio, and Vulcatius Gallicanus, ''

Historia Augusta The ''Historia Augusta'' (English: ''Augustan History'') is a late Roman collection of biographies, written in Latin, of the Roman emperors, their junior colleagues, designated heirs and usurpers from 117 to 284. Supposedly modeled on the si ...

'' (Augustan History). *

Paulus Orosius Paulus Orosius (; born 375/385 – 420 AD), less often Paul Orosius in English, was a Roman priest, historian and theologian, and a student of Augustine of Hippo. It is possible that he was born in ''Bracara Augusta'' (now Braga, Portugal), th ...

, ''Historiarum Adversum Paganos'' (History Against the Pagans). * Macrobius Ambrosius Theodosius, ''Saturnalia''. * '' Fasti Siculi''. *

Modern sources

* Johann Caspar von Orelli, ''Onomasticon Tullianum'', Orell Füssli, Zürich (1826–1838). * Gennaro Riccio, ''Le Monete delle Antiche Famiglie di Roma, Fino allo Imperadore Augusto Inclusivamente Co’Suoi Zecchieri dette Comunemente Consolari'' (The Coins of the Ancient Families of Rome, up to the Emperor Augustus, Including Mintmasters Representing the Consuls), Naples (1836). *''

Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology The ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'' (1849, originally published 1844 under a slightly different title) is an encyclopedia/ biographical dictionary. Edited by William Smith, the dictionary spans three volumes and 3,700 ...

'', William Smith, ed., Little, Brown and Company, Boston (1849). *

Theodor Mommsen Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (; 30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th centur ...

''et alii'', ''

Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum The ''Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum'' (''CIL'') is a comprehensive collection of ancient Latin inscriptions. It forms an authoritative source for documenting the surviving epigraphy of classical antiquity. Public and personal inscriptions throw ...

'' (The Body of Latin Inscriptions, abbreviated ''CIL''), Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1853–present). * Wilhelm Dittenberger, ''Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum'' (Collection of Greek Inscriptions, abbreviated ''SIG''), Leipzig (1883). * George Davis Chase, "The Origin of Roman Praenomina", in ''Harvard Studies in Classical Philology'', vol. VIII (1897). *

Paul von Rohden Paul von Rohden (12 December 1862, Barmen – 28 February 1939, Pieterlen) was a German-Swiss schoolteacher and historian known for his research in the field of prosopography. He was the son of theologian Ludwig von Rohden (1815–1889) and the b ...

Elimar Klebs Elimar Klebs (15 October 1852 – 16 May 1918) was a German historian of ancient history. He was the brother of botanist Georg Klebs. Biography Klebs was born in Braunsberg (Braniewo), Prussia. He studied in Berlin under Theodor Mommsen ...

, &

Hermann Dessau Hermann Dessau (6 April 1856, Frankfurt am Main – 12 April 1931, Berlin) was a German ancient historian and epigrapher. He is noted for a key work of textual criticism published in 1889 on the ''Historia Augusta'', which uncovered reasons to ...

, ''

Prosopographia Imperii Romani The ', abbreviated ''PIR'', is a collective historical work to establish the prosopography of high-profile people from the Roman empire. The time period covered extends from the Battle of Actium in 31 BC to the reign of Diocletian. The final vol ...

'' (The Prosopography of the Roman Empire, abbreviated ''PIR''), Berlin (1898). *

Friedrich Münzer Friedrich Münzer (22 April 1868 – 20 October 1942) was a German classical scholar noted for the development of prosopography, particularly for his demonstrations of how family relationships in ancient Rome connected to political struggles. He ...

, ''Römische Adelsparteien und Adelsfamilien'' (Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families), Stuttgart, 1920. * Harold Mattingly, Edward A. Sydenham, C. H. V. Sutherland, ''The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. I, from 31 BC to AD 69'', London, Spink & Son, 1923–1984. * T. Robert S. Broughton, ''The Magistrates of the Roman Republic'', American Philological Association (1952–1986). * Victor Ehrenberg and A. H. M. Jones, ''Documents Illustrating the Reigns of Augustus & Tiberius'', Clarendon Press, Oxford (2nd ed. 1955). *Jaakko Suolahti, ''The'' ''Roman Censors, a study on social structure'', Helsinki, Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia (1963). * Robert K. Sherk,
The Text of the ''Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno''
, in ''Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies'', vol. 7, pp. 361–369 (1966). * * Michael Crawford, ''Roman Republican Coinage'', Cambridge University Press (1974, 2001). * Géza Alföldy, ''Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen'', Rudolf Habelt Verlag, Bonn (1977). * Paul A. Gallivan, "The ''Fasti'' for A.D. 70–96", in ''

Classical Quarterly The Classical Association is a British learned society in the field of classics, aimed at developing classical study and promoting its importance in education. Constitution The association was founded on 19 December 1903, and its objects are def ...

'', vol. 31, pp. 186–220 (1981). *

Filippo Coarelli Filippo Coarelli is an Italian archaeologist, Professor of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the University of Perugia. Born in Rome, Coarelli was a student of Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli. Coarelli is one of the foremost experts on Roman antiquiti ...

, "La doppia tradizione sulla morte di Romolo e gli auguracula dell'Arx e del Quirinale", ''Gli Etruschi e Roma: atti dell'incontro di studio in onore di Massimo Pallottino'', Rome, 1981, pp. 173–188. * Giuseppe Camodeca: "I consoli des 55–56 e un nuovo collega di seneca nel consolato: P. Cornelius Dolabella" (The Consuls of 55–56 and a New Colleague of Seneca in the Consulate: P. Cornelius Dolabella), in ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'', vol. 63, pp. 201–215 (1986). * * Mika Kajava, ''Roman Female Praenomina: Studies in the Nomenclature of Roman Women'', Acta Instituti Romani Finlandiae (1994). * John C. Traupman, ''The New College Latin & English Dictionary'', Bantam Books, New York (1995). * Filippo Coarelli, ''Revixit ars. Arte ideologia a Roma. Dai modelli ellenistici alla tradizione repubblicana'', Quasar, 1996. * Francis X. Ryan, ''Rank and Participation in the Republican Senate'', Stuttgart, Franz Steiner Verlag (1998). * Patrick Tansey
"The Perils of Prosopography: The Case of the Cornelii Dolabellae"
in ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'', vol. 130 (2000). * Filippo Coarelli, "I ritratti di ‘Mario’ e ‘Silla’ a Monaco e il sepolcro degli Scipioni", ''Eutopia nuova serie'', II/ 1, 2002, pp. 47–75. *

Jörg Rüpke Jörg Rüpke (born 27 December 1962 in Herford, West Germany) is a German scholar of comparative religion and classical philology, recipient of the Gay-Lussac Humboldt Prize in 2008, and of the Advanced Grant of the European Research Council in 2011 ...

, Anne Glock, David Richardson (translator), ''Fasti Sacerdotum: A Prosopography of Pagan, Jewish, and Christian Religious Officials in the City of Rome, 300 BC to AD 499'', Oxford University Press, 2008. * Henri Etcheto,
Les Scipions. Famille et pouvoir à Rome à l’époque républicaine
', Bordeaux, Ausonius Éditions, 2012. * * * {{Refend Roman gentes

Origin

Praenomina

Branches and cognomina

Members

Cornelii Maluginenses

Cornelii Cossi

Cornelii Scipiones

Cornelii Lentuli

Cornelii Rufini et Sullae

Cornelii Dolabellae

Cornelii Merendae

Cornelii Blasiones

Cornelii Cethegi

Cornelii Mammulae

Cornelii Merulae

Cornelii Sisennae

Cornelii Cinnae

Cornelii Balbi

Other Cornelii during the Republic

Other Cornelii of imperial times

See also

Footnotes

References

Bibliography

Ancient sources

Modern sources