Clichy-sous-Bois () is a

commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

in the eastern suburbs of

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

, France. It is located from central Paris.France's suburbs: Two years on
" ''

The Economist ''The Economist'' is a British weekly newspaper printed in demitab format and published digitally. It focuses on current affairs, international business, politics, technology, and culture. Based in London, the newspaper is owned by The Econo ...

''. 8 November 2007. Retrieved on 3 March 2014. Clichy-sous-Bois is not served by any motorway, major road, or railway and therefore remains one of the most isolated of Paris's inner suburbs. It is one of the most economically disadvantaged suburbs and is where the 2005 civil unrest and riots began, which subsequently spread nationwide.

Geography

Clichy-sous-Bois has an area of with of woods. The woods are remnants of the

Bondy Bondy () is a commune in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris, in the Seine-Saint-Denis department. In 2019, it had a population of 54,587. Name The name Bondy was recorded for the first time around ...

wood (''Forêt Départementale de Bondy'', ''Parc de la Fosse Maussoin'', ''Parc de la Mairie'').

History

The name of Clichy-sous-Bois comes from

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a letter ...

''Cleppius'', seventh century ''Clippiacum superius'', twelfth century ''Clichiacum''. Flint tools from the

Neolithic The Neolithic period, or New Stone Age, is an Old World archaeological period and the final division of the Stone Age. It saw the Neolithic Revolution, a wide-ranging set of developments that appear to have arisen independently in several parts ...

have been found here. Clichy en Aulnois belonged to the lords of Livry in the early Middle Ages. Subject to the

Knights Templar , colors = White mantle with a red cross , colors_label = Attire , march = , mascot = Two knights riding a single horse , equipment ...

in the 13th century, Clichy subsequently passed into possession of the

Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem ( la, Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), was a medieval and early modern Catholic Church, Catholic Military ord ...

order. Until the 16th century, it was a hunting resort of the French kings. In the 18th century, it belonged to the Duc d'Orléans. In 1820, the village had about 150 inhabitants. On 20 May 1869, a part of the territory of Clichy-sous-Bois was detached and merged with a part of the territory of

Livry-Gargan Livry-Gargan () is a commune in the northeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. History On 20 May, 1869, a part of the territory of Livry-Gargan was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Clich ...

and a small part of the territory of

Gagny Gagny () is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Geography Location Gagny is located 10 km to the east of Paris. Until the law of 10 July 1964, the commune was part of the departm ...

to create the commune of

Le Raincy Le Raincy () is a prestigious commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Le Raincy is a subprefecture of the Seine-Saint-Denis department and the seat of the Arrondissement of Le Raincy. Its popu ...

. In 1870, Clichy was affected by the Franco-Prussian War.

Heraldry

Crime and civil unrest

Clichy-sous-Bois has a high unemployment rate compared to the rest of the country, about 20%, and 40% for the people under 25 years old (source : INSEE). The suburban riots of October 2005 originated in Clichy-sous-Bois after the death of two young boys who had been escaping a police control. Then the riots spread to other communes of the department, and then to virtually every major urban area in France.

Demography

The majority of its population is of African heritage. the youth unemployment rate was 40%.

Immigration

33% of the commune's residents were foreign nationals, higher than both the departmental average and the French national average.

Transport

Clichy-sous-Bois is not served directly by any station of the

Paris Métro The Paris Métro (french: Métro de Paris ; short for Métropolitain ) is a rapid transit system in the Paris metropolitan area, France. A symbol of the Paris, city, it is known for its density within the capital's territorial limits, uniform ar ...

, RER, or suburban rail network. The closest station to Clichy-sous-Bois is Le Raincy – Villemomble – Montfermeil station on Paris RER line E

This station is located in the neighboring commune of

, from the town center of Clichy-sous-Bois. There is also a T4 Tramway stop at Gargan which is 1.1 km from the town centre. The tramway terminates at the Bondy station for RER-E2, which is only 3 stops to Paris Gare du Nord ( via correspondence at Magenta station) The only direct transport in and out of Clichy-sous-bois is by bus (for example the 601AB bus if you are coming from "Le Raincy-Villemonble-Montfermeil" station). Due to the lack of a rail link, it was claimed the time on public transport to the city centre can be 1.5 hours but this predates the tramway opened November 2006. A new branch of the T4 Tramway was scheduled to open in 2017, eventually opened in 2019, passes through the heart of Clichy-sous-Bois.

Economy

As of 2007 the unemployment rate was around 20%. It was close to 50% in the housing estates defined by ''

'' as "the worst."

Politics

In 2007 the voting turnout for the presidential election in Clichy was 82%. The voter registration had increased by less than 20%.

Education

There are twelve preschool sites, and eleven elementary school sites. there are about 2,500 students in Clichy's four secondary schools. The following junior high schools are in the commune:Les collèges et le lycée
" Clichy-sous-Bois. Retrieved on 4 September 2016. "Clichy-sous-Bois compte trois collèges et un lycée d’enseignement général et professionnel. Ces quatre établissements sont fréquentés chaque année par plus de 2500 élèves au total." * Collège Romain-Rolland * Collège Louise-Michel * Collège Robert-Doisneau ** The construction of this junior high relieved Louise-Michel, which saw its student population decline from about 1,200 in 2004 to over 500 in 2012. "Le collège Louise Michel de Clichy-sous-Bois ..n 2004, il comptait environ 1 200 élèves et constituait le plus gros collège de la commune. En 2012, il n'accueille plus que 550 élèves environ, y compris les SEGPA. ..en construisant un nouveau collège Robert Doisneau et en modifiant la sectorisation." The sole senior high school/sixth form college in Clichy is Lycée Alfred-Nobel. the lycée has 1,100 students. It has an agreement with the ''Institut d'études politiques de Paris'' (

Sciences-Po , motto_lang = fr , mottoeng = Roots of the Future , type = Public research university''Grande école'' , established = , founder = Émile Boutmy , accreditation ...

) which allows applicants from the school to gain entrance to the university without taking the entrance examination. As of 2007 three students from the lycée had been admitted.

Personalities linked to the commune

Roberto Alagna Roberto Alagna (; born 7 June 1963) is a French operatic tenor. He obtained French citizenship in 1981, while also retaining his previous Italian citizenship. Early years Alagna was born in Clichy-sous-Bois, outside the city of Paris, in 1963 to ...

, tenor * Mamadou Samassa, footballer * Claude Dilain

References

External links

Official website
* pictures of clichy sous bois

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clichysousbois Communes of Seine-Saint-Denis