Chromosome 18 is one of the 23 pairs of
chromosome
A chromosome is a long DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells the most important of these proteins ar ...
s in
human
Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, cultu ...
s. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 18 spans about 80 million
base pairs (the building material of
DNA) and represents about 2.5 percent of the total DNA in
cells
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
Cell may also refer to:
Locations
* Monastic cell, a small room, hut, or cave in which a religious recluse lives, alternatively the small precursor of a monastery w ...
.
Genes
Number of genes
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 18. Because researchers use different approaches to
genome annotation their predictions of the
number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see
gene prediction
In computational biology, gene prediction or gene finding refers to the process of identifying the regions of genomic DNA that encode genes. This includes protein-coding genes as well as RNA genes, but may also include prediction of other functio ...
). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (
CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.
[ ]
Gene list
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 18. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases are some of those related to genes on chromosome 18:
*
Erythropoietic protoporphyria
*
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
*
Niemann–Pick disease
Niemann–Pick disease is a group of severe inherited metabolic disorders, in which sphingomyelin accumulates in lysosomes in cells (the lysosomes normally degrade material that comes from out of cells).
These disorders involve the dysfunctional ...
type C
*
Porphyria
*
Selective mutism
*
Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18)
*
Tetrasomy 18p
*
Monosomy 18p
*
Pitt–Hopkins syndrome 18q21
*
Distal 18q- (distal deletion)
*
Proximal 18q- (proximal deletion)
Cytogenetic band
References
*
*
*
External links
Chromosome18.orgChromosome18 Registry And Research Society in Europe.*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chromosome 18 (Human)
Chromosomes (human)
*