Cheeloo University (, alternatively known as ''Shantung Christian College'') was a university in China, established by Hunter Corbett American Presbyterian, and other English Baptist, Anglican, and Canadian Presbyterian mission agencies in early 1900 in China.

History

In 1864, the Yi Wen School Boys' School at Tengchow was established by Hunter Corbett, Presbyterian missionary to

Yantai Yantai, formerly known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of the Bohai Strait, Yantai borders Qingdao on the ...

, Shandong, China. In 1882,

Calvin Wilson Mateer Calvin Wilson Mateer (, sometimes misspelt "Matteer") (9 January 1836 – 28 September 1908) was a missionary to China with the American Presbyterian Mission. He was of Scottish-Irish descent and a native of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania.D ...

, an American Presbyterian, converted the Tengchow Boys' School into Tengchow College in Dengzhou (part of Penglai),

Shandong Shandong ( , ; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal Provinces of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in His ...

, China. In 1884, British Baptists established Tsingchow Boy's Boarding School, a theological college, in

Qingzhou Qingzhou () Wade–Giles: Tsing-chou, sometimes written as Ching-chow-fu, formerly Yidu County (Yitu) (), is a county-level city, which is located in the west of the prefecture-level city of Weifang, in the central part of Shandong Province, Chin ...

, Shandong, China. By 1902, the American Presbyterians and English Baptists agreed to combine their schools in Shandong, forming an arts college in Wei County (Weixian, now part of

Weifang Weifang () is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, People's Republic of China. The city borders Dongying to the northwest, Zibo to the west, Linyi to the southwest, Rizhao to the south, Qingdao to the east, and looks out to ...

), a theological college at Qingzhoufu (part of

Zibo Zibo (, ) is a prefecture-level city in central Shandong province, China. It borders the provincial capital Jinan to the west, Tai'an to the southwest, Linyi to the south, Weifang to the east, Dongying to the northeast, and Binzhou to the ...

), and a medical college, in

Jinan Jinan (), Postal Map Romanization, alternately romanization of Chinese, romanized as Tsinan, is the Capital (political), capital of Shandong province in East China, Eastern China. With a population of 9.2 million, it is the second-largest city i ...

. The campus in Wei County was known as the "Courtyard of the Happy Way" () and was later used by the Japanese military as an

internment camp Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges. The term is especially used for the confinement "of enemy citizens in wartime or of terrorism suspects". Thus, while it can simp ...

for civilians during the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposi ...

. In 1909, the colleges were consolidated as Shantung Protestant University (later changed to Shantung Christian University) in Jinan. The campus was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Perkins, Fellows and Hamilton. The main buildings were Bergen Science Hall for Chemistry and Biology; Mateer Science Hall for Physics and Physiology, McCormick Hall for administration, and the Kumler Memorial Chapel in the center. Construction began on Cheeloo Hospital of Shantung Christian University in 1914. It was completed in 1936. From 1916 to 1923, the former Peking Union Medical College, the Medical Department of Nanking University, the Hankow Medical College, and the North China Union Medical College for Women were all moved to Jinan. These departments were combined to form the co-educational Cheeloo University School of Medicine following the suggestion of the Dean of the Medical School at the time, Samuel Cochran. Dormitories and classes would first be opened to women in 1923. Eliza Ellen Leonard resigned as the first Dean of women in 1924 due to illness and died in the same year. During the

Second Sino-Japanese War The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) or War of Resistance (Chinese term) was a military conflict that was primarily waged between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. The war made up the Chinese theater of the wider Pacific T ...

from 1938 to 1945, the university joined five other universities to form

West China Union University The West China Union University ( zh, t=華西協合大學), also called West China University or Huaxi University, was a private university in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. It was the product of the collective efforts of four Protestant, denominational ...

. The university was dissolved in 1952 with the establishment of Communist rule. The College of Medicine was merged with the Shantung Provincial Medical College and the resulting

Shandong Medical College Shandong University (, abbreviated as Shanda, , English abbreviation SDU) is a public research comprehensive university in Jinan, Shandong with one campus in Weihai, Shandong and one campus in Qingdao, Shandong and is supported directly by ...

occupied the entire campus. The College of Science was merged with the new National University in

Nanjing Nanjing (; , Mandarin pronunciation: ), Postal Map Romanization, alternately romanized as Nanking, is the capital of Jiangsu Provinces of China, province of the China, People's Republic of China. It is a sub-provincial city, a megacity, and t ...

while the College of Theology joined Nanking Theological Seminary. The College of Humanities was merged with

Shandong University Shandong University (, abbreviated as Shanda, , English abbreviation SDU) is a public research comprehensive university in Jinan, Shandong with one campus in Weihai, Shandong and one campus in Qingdao, Shandong and is supported directly by ...

Support

During its existence, Cheeloo University received support from various sponsoring and cooperating organizations:Cheeloo University - Ricci Roundtable
Sponsoring organizations: *American Presbyterian Missions, North () *English Baptist Missionary Society () *Church Missionary Society, England () *Canadian Presbyterian Mission (), later merged into United Church of Canada () *Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the United Church of Canada () * Woman's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church () *American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions () *Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts () Cooperating organizations: *English Presbyterian Mission () * Harvard-Yenching Institute () *

Rockefeller Foundation The Rockefeller Foundation is an American private foundation and philanthropy, philanthropic medical research and arts funding organization based at 420 Fifth Avenue, New York City. The second-oldest major philanthropic institution in America, aft ...

() *Salt Merchants of Jinan ()

Presidents

* Paul D. Bergen (, 1904–1915) * J. Percy Bruce (, 1916–1920) * Harold Balme (, 1921–1927) * Li Tianlu (李天祿, 1927–1929) * Zhū Jīngnóng　(朱經農, 1931-1933) * Liú Shūmíng (刘書銘, 1935-1943) * Edgar Chi-ho Tang (湯吉禾, 1943-1945)　 * Wú Kèmíng (吴克銘, 1945-1949) * David Yang (楊德齋, 1949–1952)

Notable alumni and faculty

Edgar Tang Edgar Chi-ho Tang (or Tang Chi-ho, C.H. Tang, Tang Jihe; ), (born 1902, date of death unknown), was an influential Chinese writer, journalist and educator. Early life and education Tang was born in 1902 and his ancestral hometown was Jiujiang, ...

, university president * B.A. Garside, professor of education *

Lao She Shu Qingchun (3 February 189924 August 1966), known by his pen name Lao She, was a Chinese novelist and dramatist. He was one of the most significant figures of 20th-century Chinese literature, and is best known for his novel '' Rickshaw Boy'' ...

(Chinese: 老舍; pinyin: Lǎo Shě), * Henry Winters Luce, father of Henry R. Luce * Helena Rosa Wright, pioneer in birth control and family planning *

Ernest Black Struthers Ernest Black Struthers (1886-1977) was a physician, researcher, educator, father, and Canadian medical missionary who worked in the Far East. Specifically, he accomplished most of his work in the Alice Memorial Hospital in Hong Kong, Cheeloo Uni ...

, Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine

References

External links